Final Exam Review

Question 1

How are Protists classified?

Answer 1

As animal-like, plant-like, or fungus-like

Question 2

What are some common diseases Protists cause?

Answer 2

Malaria, plasmodium, sleeping sickness

Question 3

What do plant-like Protists need to have to be able to produce energy?

Answer 3

Chlorophyll for photosynthesis

Question 4

How do fungus-Protists get energy?

Answer 4

Chemosynthesis

Question 5

How are animal-like Protists classified

Answer 5

By how they move

Question 6

What is the definition of a plant?

Answer 6

Plants are autotrophic eukaryotic multicellular organisms.

Question 7

What is the definition of an animal?

Answer 7

Multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotic organism

Question 8

What does cephalization mean, and in what kind of symmetry is it found?

Answer 8

When nerves begin to accumulate within a specific area to create a control center to control all the other nerves around the body, so as to be able to complete more complex actions with faster reactions within bilaterally organized animals.

Question 9

What is the difference between open and closed circulation?

Answer 9

Closed circulation takes place in the more complex animals who need fast reactions and a transportation system that can reach all parts of the body quickly. This is made possible by the blood vessels. Open circulation is when the blood freely flows within the body without anything to guide it, which is much less efficient.

Question 10

Would animals with simple nervous systems be able to exhibit complex behaviors?

Answer 10

No, due to them lacking the fast internal reactions necessary for such processes.

Question 11

What are the three types of symmetry?

Answer 11

Radial (wheel spokes), asymmetrical (blobby stuff) , and bilateral(halves). E.g. Starfish, anemone, cows

Question 12

Exoskeleton vs endoskeleton

Answer 12

Exoskeleton is when structure skeleton is outside(beetles), while endoskeletons are in the body(cows)

Question 13

Invertebrate vs vertebrate

Answer 13

Vertebrates have backbones and usually higher level functioning, while invertebrates lack all of these.

Question 14

What are the four special characteristics of chordates?

Answer 14

Notochord, empty dorsal hollow nerve chord, pharyngital slits, and post anal tail

Question 15

What are the four basic tissues that humans have?

Answer 15

Epithelial, connective, skeletal, and muscular

Question 16

What are the levels of organization within the human body?

Answer 16

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question 17

What is homeostasis and what are two examples?

Answer 17

Homeostasis is internal balance, and examples can be anything done by Amy of the body systems to help maintain equality.

Question 18

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 18

This system removes excess bodily fluids. If there is an infection, the nodes will become inflamed.

Question 19

What is he function of the circulatory system?

Answer 19

This system distributes the various elements (oxygen and nutrients) needed for survival to all reaches of the body.

Question 20

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 20

This system regulates hormone secretion. The hormones are like messengers that control body growth, fertility, metabolism, etc.

Question 21

What is the respiratory system?

Answer 21

The system that brings air into the body to exchange the oxygen with carbon dioxide to provide energy for the chemical reactions of the body.

Question 22

What does the reproductive system do?

Answer 22

It allows for the reproduction of a species so that it can continue to survive in its habitat. This system varies significantly from male to female. Females contain ovaries, oviducts, vaginas, Fallopian tubes, larger estrogen levels which results in larger breasts, eggs, and uteruses. Males contain sperm, testes, penis, vas deferens, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and higher testosterone levels.

Question 23

What does the nervous system do?

Answer 23

The nervous system allows the body to be able to communicate what it wants to do with the rest of the body through electrical signals. Parts include dendrites, axons, synapses, the brain and spinal chord in cephalopod animals.

Question 24

What does “survival of the fittest” and “natural selection means”?

Answer 24

organisms with better adaptations will be more likely to survive and reproduce

Question 25

What is a protist?

Answer 25

A eukaryotic usually unicellular organism that tends to live in colonies