Final Exam- Part Two

Question 1

The flow of water across the gills of the fish and that of blood within the gills is and example of what?

Answer 1

Counter-current exhange

Question 2

What is a characteristic shared by hemolglobin and hemocyanin?

Answer 2

Tranportation of O2

Question 3

How does the Hemocyanin of arthropod and mulluscs differ from the hemoglobin of mammals?

Answer 3

Hemocyanin has protein couples to copper Hemoglobin couples to iron

Question 4

Why would a sea star die if placed in fresh water?

Answer 4

It is hypersomotic and unable to osmoregulate in freshwater

Question 5

How do birds live off of sea water?

Answer 5

Utlization of nasal glands that eliminate excess salt from the body. Similar glands provide the identical function in sea turtles and marine iguanas

Question 6

How do sharks osmoregulate?

Answer 6

They tolerat high urea concentrations that balance internal salt concentrations to sea osmolarity

Question 7

What is urea?

Answer 7

Nitrogenous waste product of humans

Question 8

Where and from what compound(s) is urea produced?

Answer 8

Liver from NH3 and CO2

Question 9

What is Uric acid?

Answer 9

Main nitrogenous wast from birds

Question 10

Which nitrogenous wast requires almost no water for it excretion?

Answer 10

Uric acid (Birds)

Question 11

T or F: Ammonia is soluble in water

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the advantage of excreting waste as urea rather than ammonia?

Answer 12

Urea is LESS toxic than ammonia

Question 13

Why do birds secrete uric acid as their nitrogenous waste?

Answer 13

Uric acid requires little water from NW disposal, which helps them fly (less weight)

Question 14

Which group possesses excretory structures known as protonephridia?

Answer 14

Flatworms

Question 15

Which group possesses excretory organs known as malpighian tubules?

Answer 15

Insects also the (Malpighian-tubule frog)

Question 16

Unlike an earthworm’s metanephridia, a mammalian nephron:

Answer 16

Receives friltrate from blood instead of coelomic fluid

Question 17

How many pumping chambers do fish have?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

Why do African lungfish produce urea?

Answer 18

Small stagnant pools do not provide enough water to dilute the toxic amonia

Question 19

Coral and Monkeys both have ___ _____

Answer 19

HOX GENES!

Question 20

When does the blastopore first appear?

Answer 20

Gastrulation

Question 21

Describe Protostome characteristics:

Answer 21

Sprial indeterminate cleave, blastopore becomes mouth

Question 22

Do protostomes have determinate clevage?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

The absence of a body cavity is a characteristic of a:

Answer 23

Protostome

Question 24

Which group consists of deuterostomes?

Answer 24

Echinoderms, Chordates, fish, amphibian, reptiles, birds, mammals

Question 25

Sponges lack ____ ______

Answer 25

True Tissue