Final Exam- Part Two Flashcards
The flow of water across the gills of the fish and that of blood within the gills is and example of what?
Counter-current exhange
What is a characteristic shared by hemolglobin and hemocyanin?
Tranportation of O2
How does the Hemocyanin of arthropod and mulluscs differ from the hemoglobin of mammals?
Hemocyanin has protein couples to copper Hemoglobin couples to iron
Why would a sea star die if placed in fresh water?
It is hypersomotic and unable to osmoregulate in freshwater
How do birds live off of sea water?
Utlization of nasal glands that eliminate excess salt from the body. Similar glands provide the identical function in sea turtles and marine iguanas
How do sharks osmoregulate?
They tolerat high urea concentrations that balance internal salt concentrations to sea osmolarity
What is urea?
Nitrogenous waste product of humans
Where and from what compound(s) is urea produced?
Liver from NH3 and CO2
What is Uric acid?
Main nitrogenous wast from birds
Which nitrogenous wast requires almost no water for it excretion?
Uric acid (Birds)
T or F: Ammonia is soluble in water
True
What is the advantage of excreting waste as urea rather than ammonia?
Urea is LESS toxic than ammonia
Why do birds secrete uric acid as their nitrogenous waste?
Uric acid requires little water from NW disposal, which helps them fly (less weight)
Which group possesses excretory structures known as protonephridia?
Flatworms
Which group possesses excretory organs known as malpighian tubules?
Insects also the (Malpighian-tubule frog)
Unlike an earthworm’s metanephridia, a mammalian nephron:
Receives friltrate from blood instead of coelomic fluid
How many pumping chambers do fish have?
2
Why do African lungfish produce urea?
Small stagnant pools do not provide enough water to dilute the toxic amonia
Coral and Monkeys both have ___ _____
HOX GENES!
When does the blastopore first appear?
Gastrulation
Describe Protostome characteristics:
Sprial indeterminate cleave, blastopore becomes mouth
Do protostomes have determinate clevage?
Yes
The absence of a body cavity is a characteristic of a:
Protostome
Which group consists of deuterostomes?
Echinoderms, Chordates, fish, amphibian, reptiles, birds, mammals
Sponges lack ____ ______
True Tissue
