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Biology 1620 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

In insect/animal development what do hox gene do?

A

Control morphology and number of flagella

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2
Q

What do all animal have in common?

A

Hox genes

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3
Q

What is the significance of flagellated protists?

A

They are the common ancestor of living animals-resembled modern protists

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4
Q

What is the significance of the Cambrian period and today’s animals?

A

No hard tissue plants- Cambrian Period

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5
Q

What would you not expect to find in the Ediacaran period?

A

There weren’t plants. Soft tissue only

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6
Q

During the Cambrian Radiation, waht genetic process was most helpful?

A

Gene Duplication

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7
Q

How would an organism with radial symmetry move?

A

Drifting

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8
Q

What are four definitive characteristics of a sponge?

A
  • Asymmetrical
  • No organs
  • Muscles
  • Nerves
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9
Q

What groups contain diploblastic organisms?

A

Cnidarians, Jellies, sponges

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10
Q

What groups contain deuterostomes?

A

Echinoderms, reptiles and amphibians

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11
Q

When does the blastospore first appear?

A

Gastrulation

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12
Q

___________ are spiral and determinate

A

protostomes

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of ecdysozoans

A

Shed exoskeleton (molting/echdysis)

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14
Q

Echinoderms and chordates are _____________

A

Deuterostomes

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15
Q

What factors five influenced the cambrian explosion?

A
  • Predation
  • O2 rich environment
  • Duplication(Hox genes)
  • Endo/Exo. Skeletons
  • Different modes of locomotion
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16
Q

What do sponges lack that other animal phyla have?

A

Symmetry and true tissue

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17
Q

What are choanocytes?

A

Cells in sponge, generate water current and ingest suspended food

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18
Q

What are amoebocytes?

A

Found in most animal cells. Help digest and build structureal materials. Chitin spongin calcium carbonate

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19
Q

What are cribostatin?

A

Found in sponges. Create antibiotics

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20
Q

Describe the basic body plan of a Cnidarian (jellyfish):

A

A sac with a gastro vascular cavity, single opening (mouth/anus) 2 types medus and polyp

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21
Q

A ________ has tentacles armed with Cnidocytes,cells that defend and capture prey, and Nematocysts, organelles within cnidocytes that eject stinging thread

A

Cnidaria

22
Q

What members of Cnidaria only occur as polyps?

A

Anthozoa

23
Q

What are scyphozoan

A

Jellies, (no pollyps, free swimming)

24
Q

This flatworm, ___________, is not parasitic

A

Tubellarian

25
Q

What is the intermediate for blood fluke infection?

A

Snails, freshwater, rice field

26
Q

What symptoms are typical from tapeworm infection?/How do you get it?

A

Weight loss and fatigue, eating uncooked meat

27
Q

WHat re the characteristics of a Rotifera?

A

They reproduce by parthenogenesis, females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs

28
Q

How does a tapeworm obtain nutrients?

A

From host intestine because they lack digestive system. Eggs dispersed by host feces

29
Q

What are the characteristics of mollusk development?

A

From blastospore. Have visceral mas, muscular foot, and mantle

30
Q

What is a lophophore used for?

A

Eating (in clams)

31
Q

What molluscan ungoes embyronic torsion?

A

Gastropoda

32
Q

What classes use radula?

A

gastropod, cephalophod

33
Q

How do byvalves feed? (clams)

A

Suspension feeders

34
Q

What class releases anticoagulants and was used medically?

A

Hirundinia (Leeches)

35
Q

What are the characteristics of a nematode?

A

Roundworms, found in aquatic habitats, lack circulatory systems

36
Q

All ___________ have jointed appendages, bilateral summetry, less segments than appendages, biggest animal phylum, most successful group on earth, open circulatory system, molts.

A

Arthropods (insects)

37
Q

What is Chelicera?

A

Claw-like feeding appendages

38
Q

What has TWO pairs of jointed appendages per body segment?

A

Millipede

39
Q

What is the difference between complete and incomplete metamorphosis?

A

Complete:Mature don’t look like young (butterfly)

40
Q

What has two pairs of antenna?

A

Crestaceans

41
Q

What are echinoderms?

A

Deuterostomes, water vascular system (starfish)

42
Q

Name 2 characteristics of arthropods

A
  • Open circulatory system

- Molting/Ecdysis

43
Q

Echinodermata 3 characteristics

A

Deuterostomes, radial cleavage, pentaradial symmetry, tube feet

44
Q

What role does the vascualr system play in echinoderms?

A

Locomotion, feeding, gas exchange

45
Q

What do all chordates have?

A

hollow nerve cord, post-anal tail, notochord, pharyngeal slits/clefts

46
Q

Describe chordate development

A

1-Nerve chord 2-notochord 3-Pharyngeal slits 4- Post anal tail

47
Q

What were Chordate pharyngeal slits first used for?

A

Suspension feeding

48
Q

What are cephalochordates?

A

Intermediat and immediate ancestor of fish

49
Q

What are the significance of lancets?

A

Resesmbe early chordates tunicates or sea squirts

50
Q

What do hagfish and lampreys have in common?

A

Neither have a jaw

51
Q

What group/phylum did jaws first appear?

A

Acanthodi

Biology 1620 (8 decks)

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