Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

302 patho > FINAL EXAM OF EFFING EVERYTHING > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM OF EFFING EVERYTHING Flashcards

1
Q

chain of infection:

A 
pathogen
reservoir 
portal of exit
means of transport 
portal of entry
susceptible host
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 ways to prevent infection

A

engineering controls
administrative controls
PPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is sinus rhythm

A

electrical activity when impulses originate in the SA node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is dysrhythmias

A

abnormal electrical activity

can result from myocardial infarctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is infective endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner tissues of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do valvular disorders do?

A

disrupt the blood flow through heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is stenosis

A

narrowing of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is regurgitation

A

insufficient closure - blood flows both ways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 4 levels of an artery

A

1) endothelium
2) elastic tissue
3) circular smooth muscle
4) connective tissue with elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

define heart failure

A

inadequate pumping
decreased cardiac output, increased preload, increased afterload
ACUTE OR CHRONIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 chambers of the heart

A

2 atria - RECEIVING

2 ventricles - PUMPING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

influences on blood pressure

A

afterload: pressure needed to eject the blood
preload: amount of blood returning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the lymphatic system do:

A

works to return excess interstitial fluid to the circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the lymphatic system include:

A

lymph nodes
spleen
thymus
tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is blood pressure

A

force that exerts on the walls of blood vessels
it reflects how hard the heart is working
SYSTOLIC- cardiac WORK phase
DIASTOLIC- cardiac REST phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

define conduction pathway

A

impulses are delayed in the AV node to allow for complete ventricular filling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

define conduction system

A

organizes electrical impulses in the cardiac cells and involves:
excitability
conductivity
automaticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is excitability

A

ability of the cells to respond to electrical impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is conductivity

A

ability of cells to conduct electrical impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is automaticity

A

ability to generate an impulse to contract with no external nerve stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 types of heart failure

A

systolic dysfunction
diastolic dysfunction
mixed dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

4 tx for IBD

A

medication for symptoms
medication for disease
ongoing monitoring
diet & nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5 areas of the abdomen that are prone to hernias

A 
esophogeal hiatus 
umbilical ring 
inguinal canal 
femoral canal 
incision
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is peristalsis

A

wave of muscle contractions that move food along

25
Q

2 special features of the stomach

A

rugae

oblique muscle - longitudinal, oblique, lateral

26
Q

what is a fistula

A

track between hollow organ and surface or 2 hollow organs

27
Q

4 goals of tx for PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

A

relief of pain & symptoms
promotion of healing
preventions of complications
prevention of recurrence

28
Q

what is the greatest risk of a hernia

A

STRANGULATION

s&s- persistent pain, fast heart rate, increased temp,vomit

29
Q

what is the tx for a strangulated hernia

A

watchful waiting
surgery- mesh or mash
truss

30
Q

SA node:

A

generates the cardiac impulse
acts as a PACEMAKER
found in the right atrium

31
Q

AV node:

A

relays & intensifies the cardiac impulse

found in the right atrium

32
Q

define diverticular disease

A 
both diverticulosis & diverticulitis 
tx: increase fiber 
increase fluids 
exercise
antibiotics
surgery 
rest colon
33
Q

what is metabolic syndrome

A

group of symptoms that put a person at risk for cardio vascular disease and type 2 diabetes

34
Q

what 2 tests can be done to see if a person has hyperglycemia related to insulin resistance

A

fasting plasma glucose

2 hour plasma glucose

35
Q

** more fat = more adipokines

A

target cells to ignore insulin = insulin resistance

36
Q

beta secretes what?

A

insulin

37
Q

alpha cells secret what?

A

glucagon

38
Q

alpha and beta are both in what?

A

isle of langerhans

39
Q

what is a target cell

A

cells that a hormone affects

40
Q

what is a hormone

A

chemical messenger

41
Q

what is atelectasis

A

complete or partial collapse of lung or lobe developing from alveoli deflation

42
Q

define respiratory failure

A

results from inadequate gas exchange in body

43
Q

hypothalamus releases REALISING hormone

A

pituitary releases stimulating hormone

44
Q

what is the main cause of peptic ulcers

A

h.pylori

45
Q

why is the trigone significant

A

common site for infection

where everything backs up

46
Q

top 3 causes of kidney disease

A

diabetes
hypertension
glomerephronitis

47
Q

main issue of kidney disease

A

progressive nephron loss

48
Q

how much blood does a kidney filter a day

A

180 L

49
Q

how fast do kidneys filtere blood and whats it called

A

glomerular filtration rate and 125 ml

50
Q

common symptoms of IBS

A 
pain 
diarrhea 
constipation 
abdominal cramps 
bloating
51
Q

s&s of pleural effusion

A

chest pain
tachypnea
tachycardia
pleural friction rub

52
Q

top 3 risk factors for pulmonary embolism

A

blood stasis
trauma
diagnoses that increases clotting

53
Q

what is the most common cause of a PE

A

DVT

54
Q

primary hypertension:

A

most common

develops gradually over time

55
Q

secondary hypertension:

A

sudden and severe

causes: disease, tumors, meds, cogential defects

56
Q

opta can support people with IBS by

A

encouage physical activity
encourage stress mangement
lifestyle changes

57
Q

lymphedema

A

swelling to a lympàh obstruction

primary & secondary

58
Q

tx for lymphedema

A

compression stockings
exercises
manual massage

59
Q

what is a peptic ulcer

A

affects the lining, a break in the mucosa

302 patho (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions