Final Exam: Lower GI Disorders

Question 1

Increased peristalsis will create which consistency of bowel movements?

Answer 1

Watery stool

Question 2

What actions are extremely important in teaching to patients with C. diff infections? (2)

Answer 2

• Meticulous hand washing

- Frequent changing of gloves is important in limiting spread

Question 3

Diagnosis for diarrhea?

Answer 3

Diarrhea related to acute infectious process as evidenced by loose, bloody stools and patient complaining of ABD cramping

Question 4

The appropriate collaborative therapy for a patient with acute diarrhea caused by a viral infection is to?

Answer 4

Increase fluid intake

Question 5

Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 42-year-old patient who is being admitted with C. diff?

Answer 5

Place the patient in a private room on contact isolation

Question 6

What patient teaching should be included for a patient with constipation and is taking multiple forms of stool softeners and fiber? This will avoid which complication?

Answer 6

Increase fluid intake to avoid rebound constipation

Question 7

ABD distension can indicate?

Answer 7

Internal bleeding

Question 8

Which foods should be avoided in patients with irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer 8

foods that produce gas (broccoli, cauliflower, beans aka calciferous vegetables)

Question 9

Optimal treatment form for patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 9

Track bowel movements

Question 10

Lavages detect what in ABD trauma? (4)

Answer 10

• blood
• bile
• intestinal contents
• urine in the peritoneal cavity

Question 11

Pain is characterized as what in appendicitis? (2)

Answer 11

• persistant

- localized at McBurney’s point (halfway between the umbilicus and right iliac crest)

Question 12

What are two types of inflammatory bowel diseases and which is harder to treat and why?

Answer 12

Two types:

• Crohn’s disease
• ulcerative colitis

Crohn’s disease is harder to treat because it can be anywhere from the mouth to the anus

Question 13

Where does Crohn’s occur? Most commonly in the (2)

Answer 13

anywhere in the GI tract from the mouth to the anus but most commonly involves the distal ileum and proximal colon

Question 14

Ulcerative colitis usually starts where?

Answer 14

In the rectum

Question 15

ABD postop care for patients include?

Answer 15

NPO to allow bowel rest and healing

Question 16

Nutritional therapy for irritable bowel disease includes?

Answer 16

NO INCREASE in fiber (high levels of fiber can trigger diarrhea)

Question 17

What nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a 27-year-old male patient with bowel irregularity and a new dx of irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer 17

Encourage the patient to express concerns and ask questions about IBS

Question 18

Which nursing action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 35-year-old male patient admitted with an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

Answer 18

Monitor stools for blood

Question 19

A patient is suspected of having an intestine obstruction. What is the best indication that an obstruction is present?

Answer 19

Lack of flatus

Question 20

A patient complains of gas pains and ABD distension two days after a small bowel resection. Which nursing action is best to take?

Answer 20

Encourage the patient to ambulate. (improves peristalsis and helps to eliminate flatus and reduce gas pain)

Question 21

Colorectal cancer is more common in a diet that consists of (3)

Answer 21

• high in fat
• high in protein
• low in fiber

Question 22

What is the gold standard for CRC screening?

Answer 22

Colonoscopy

Question 23

A nurse is preparing for an annual physical exam of a 50-year-old man. What will the nurse plan to teach the patient about?

Answer 23

A colonoscopy screening

Question 24

What should a post-op stoma look like in a patient with a colostomy bag?

Answer 24

Rose or brick-red color with mild edema and a small amount of bleeding

Question 25

Which patients are at a higher risk for developing diverticulosis or diverticulitis?

Answer 25

Patients with a chronic history of hemorrhoids

Question 26

Diet management for diverticulosis? (3)

Answer 26

• High fiber diet, mainly from fruits and vegetables
• High fluids
• Decreased intake of fat and red meat is the best way to prevent this

Question 27

In contrast to diverticulitis, patients with diverticulosis often?

Answer 27

Present no symptoms

Question 28

Hernias are caused by? (4)

Answer 28

• defect in muscle wall
• obesity
• heavy lifting
• previous ABD surgeries

Question 29

Malabsorption syndrome is defined as?

Answer 29

the inability of nutrients to be readily catabolized and transported

Question 30

A patient with Crohn’s disease has had multiple intestinal resections. Which symptom is the most dominant?

Answer 30

Steatorrhea (fat in the stool)