Final Exam: Lower GI Disorders Flashcards
Increased peristalsis will create which consistency of bowel movements?
Watery stool
What actions are extremely important in teaching to patients with C. diff infections? (2)
- Meticulous hand washing
- Frequent changing of gloves is important in limiting spread
Diagnosis for diarrhea?
Diarrhea related to acute infectious process as evidenced by loose, bloody stools and patient complaining of ABD cramping
The appropriate collaborative therapy for a patient with acute diarrhea caused by a viral infection is to?
Increase fluid intake
Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 42-year-old patient who is being admitted with C. diff?
Place the patient in a private room on contact isolation
What patient teaching should be included for a patient with constipation and is taking multiple forms of stool softeners and fiber? This will avoid which complication?
Increase fluid intake to avoid rebound constipation
ABD distension can indicate?
Internal bleeding
Which foods should be avoided in patients with irritable bowel syndrome?
foods that produce gas (broccoli, cauliflower, beans aka calciferous vegetables)
Optimal treatment form for patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Track bowel movements
Lavages detect what in ABD trauma? (4)
- blood
- bile
- intestinal contents
- urine in the peritoneal cavity
Pain is characterized as what in appendicitis? (2)
- persistant
- localized at McBurney’s point (halfway between the umbilicus and right iliac crest)
What are two types of inflammatory bowel diseases and which is harder to treat and why?
Two types:
- Crohn’s disease
- ulcerative colitis
Crohn’s disease is harder to treat because it can be anywhere from the mouth to the anus
Where does Crohn’s occur? Most commonly in the (2)
anywhere in the GI tract from the mouth to the anus but most commonly involves the distal ileum and proximal colon
Ulcerative colitis usually starts where?
In the rectum
ABD postop care for patients include?
NPO to allow bowel rest and healing
Nutritional therapy for irritable bowel disease includes?
NO INCREASE in fiber (high levels of fiber can trigger diarrhea)
What nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a 27-year-old male patient with bowel irregularity and a new dx of irritable bowel syndrome?
Encourage the patient to express concerns and ask questions about IBS
Which nursing action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 35-year-old male patient admitted with an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
Monitor stools for blood
A patient is suspected of having an intestine obstruction. What is the best indication that an obstruction is present?
Lack of flatus
A patient complains of gas pains and ABD distension two days after a small bowel resection. Which nursing action is best to take?
Encourage the patient to ambulate. (improves peristalsis and helps to eliminate flatus and reduce gas pain)
Colorectal cancer is more common in a diet that consists of (3)
- high in fat
- high in protein
- low in fiber
What is the gold standard for CRC screening?
Colonoscopy
A nurse is preparing for an annual physical exam of a 50-year-old man. What will the nurse plan to teach the patient about?
A colonoscopy screening
What should a post-op stoma look like in a patient with a colostomy bag?
Rose or brick-red color with mild edema and a small amount of bleeding
Which patients are at a higher risk for developing diverticulosis or diverticulitis?
Patients with a chronic history of hemorrhoids
Diet management for diverticulosis? (3)
- High fiber diet, mainly from fruits and vegetables
- High fluids
- Decreased intake of fat and red meat is the best way to prevent this
In contrast to diverticulitis, patients with diverticulosis often?
Present no symptoms
Hernias are caused by? (4)
- defect in muscle wall
- obesity
- heavy lifting
- previous ABD surgeries
Malabsorption syndrome is defined as?
the inability of nutrients to be readily catabolized and transported
A patient with Crohn’s disease has had multiple intestinal resections. Which symptom is the most dominant?
Steatorrhea (fat in the stool)
