Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MedSurg > Exam 2: Endocrine Problems > Flashcards

Exam 2: Endocrine Problems Flashcards

1
Q

What should be monitored postoperatively for in hypophysectomy (surgical removal of the pituitary gland)

A

Leaks in the mustache dressing for clear drainage (clear could be cerebrospinal fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What test could be done to tell if the fluid in a mustache dressing is cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Glucose test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

During an assessment of a patient with acromegaly, what should the nurse expect the patient to report?

A

Undesirable physical changes (facial features)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A patient with acromegaly is treated with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. What should the nurse do postoperatively?

A

Ensure that any clear nasal drainage is tested for glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)

A

ADH increases the permeability of the distal renal tubules and collecting ducts leading to water reabsorption causing FLUID RETENTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In SIADH, urine output is?

A

Urine output is low, serum sodium levels are low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should a nurse expect to see in a patient with SIADH (2)

A
  • decreased urine output

- increased body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the serum concentration of sodium in a patient with hyponatremia? S/S? (5)

A
  • less than 120 mEq/L

- lethargy, confusion, seizures, muscle weakness, coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

During the care of the patient with SIADH, what should the nurse do?

A

Monitor neurologic status every 2 hrs because the patient can go into a seizure or coma as sodium levels become lower/diluted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What medications are given to promote diuresis and increase urine output to lessen fluid retention in SIADH? (2)

A

Demeclocycline and Lasix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a less invasive intervention for patients with SIADH? (3)

A
  • restrict fluid intake
  • diuretic admin
  • maintain HOB at 10 degrees to enhance venous return to the heart and increase atrial filling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In diabetes insipidus, urine output is?

A

very HIGH, causing serum sodium to be more concentrated due to fluid loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diabetes insipidus is caused by?

A

Deficiency in the production of ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What medication/orders should be given to a patient with diabetes insipidus to reverse the process? (2)

A
  • synthetic ADH (vasopressin)

- fluid administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the etiology of hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease?

A

An autoimmune disease precipitated by the development of thyroid-stimulating antibodies that cause the growth and overproduction of the thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are s/s of hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease? (5)

A
  • large goiter
  • exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
  • increased HR
  • weight loss
  • excessive thirst
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the worst onset complication of hyperthyroidism? What are the s/s? (5)

A
  • Thyroid storm/thyrotoxicosis

- HF, shock, hyperthermia, coma, death

18
Q

The patient is diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. What manifestation should the nurse expect to find?

A

Decreased urinary output

19
Q

What electrolyte should be monitored following a thyroidectomy? (removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands)

A

Serum calcium levels

20
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia? (3)

A
  • tingling
  • Trousseau’s sign (carpal spasms)
  • Chvostek’s sign (twitching of the facial nerve)
21
Q

What position should the HOB be for a patient who had a thyroidectomy?

A

In semi- or high-Fowler’s position to prevent aspiration

22
Q

What should be monitored for a patient following a thyroidectomy?

A

Respiratory status, patient may have harsh breathing or have vibration upon assessment including potential bleeding

23
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism? (6)

A
  • lethargy
  • fatigue
  • impaired memory
  • weight gain
  • decreased cardiac contractility = low HR
  • swelling appearance of the skin
24
Q

Diagnostic testing in the patient with Grave’s disease will reveal?

A

Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormones levels

25
Q

A patient is admitted to the hospital with thyrotoxicosis. On physical assessment with the patient, what should the nurse expect to find?

A

Elevated temperature and signs of heart failure

26
Q

What drug would be involved in the treatment for hypothyroidism?

A

A Synthroid (levothyroxine): should be given in the morning time before breakfast at the same time every day

27
Q

Nursing management for hypothyroidism? (2)

A
  • Educate the patient on the amount of medication to be taken, if they take too much they can develop hyperthyroidism
  • Observe for s/s of hypothyroidism (weight gain, decreased HR)
28
Q

What is the cause of Cushing’s disease? What gland is being affected?

A
  • adrenal cortex

- overabundance of corticosteroids (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids)

29
Q

Signs and symptoms of Cushing’s disease? (5)

A
  • truncal obesity
  • fluid retention
  • rounded face (moon face)
  • fat deposits on the back, neck, shoulders
  • buffalo hump
30
Q

Nursing management of pituitary removal?

A

Steroid treatment

31
Q

Addison’s disease affects which gland? What is the cause?

A
  • adrenal cortex

- autoimmune disease-causing an underabundance of corticosteroids

32
Q

Signs and symptoms of Addison’s disease? (5)

A
  • bronze-colored skin
  • ABD pain
  • diarrhea
  • salt craving
  • joint pain
33
Q

What is a complication of Addison’s disease? S/S? (3)

A
  • Adrenal crisis: sudden drop in all hormones

- tachycardia, fever, hypovolemic shock if steroids are stopped suddenly

34
Q

Patients with Addison’s disease must have lifelong treatment of?

A

Corticosteroids

35
Q

If a patient is losing weight while on corticosteroid therapy, what should be done?

A

Dosing must be increased (medication is no longer effective if the patient is losing weight)

36
Q

A patient with Addison’s disease comes to the emergency department with complaints of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. What collaborative care should the nurse expect?

A

IV administration of hydrocortisone

37
Q

What can develop from the long-term use of corticosteroids? (3)

A
  • osteoporosis
  • hypertension (too many mineralocorticoids)
  • hyperglycemia
38
Q

Long-term administration of corticosteroids can lead to what disease of the endocrine? Too little can lead to?

A
  • Too much: Cushing’s disease

- Too little: Addison’s disease

39
Q

Common s/s of SIADH? (2)

A
  • low serum sodium level

- muscle weakness

40
Q

What is a potential side effect of taking steroids?

A

Hyperglycemia (high doses of steroids while require monitoring of blood sugar)

MedSurg (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions