FINAL EXAM IDS

Question 1

tactic hilter used to conquer much of Europe in the war; “Lighting war”, typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939 lightening war, resulted in victory overtaking poland but also started WWII

Answer 1

Blitzkrieg

Question 2

a five-member committee that governed France 1795,replaced the Committee of Public Safety, 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in a Coup , and replaced by the French Consulate.

Answer 2

The Directory

Question 3

the political philosophy put forth by Robespierre in a speech in February 1794. believed in virtue and a form of terror, prompt and severe justice. It is important because it was achieved through the Reign of Terror.

Answer 3

Republic of Virtue

Question 4

Colonization; meeting; reps of European nations regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period and coincided with Germany’s sudden emergence as an imperial power. Africa not invited.

Answer 4

Berlin Conference

Question 5

a payment for war damages made to the victor by the vanquished to cover the costs of war
this was important because Treaty of Versailles said that Germany was responsible for WWI and they had to pay for the damage

Answer 5

Reparations

Question 6

Stalin’s economic plans, set ambitious goals for production of oil, steel, electricity (5 year span); rebuild Soviet economy after WWI. It is important bc it meant to improve industry but resulted in famine and death

Answer 6

Five Year Plan

Question 7

The competition between USSR and US for dominance in space flight capability

this was an important part of the cold war and the US got to the moon first.

Answer 7

Space Race

Question 8

In economics, this is a sustained, long-term downturn in economic activity in one or more economies. It is a more severe economic downturn than a recession, which is a slowdown in economic activity over the course of a normal business cycle.

Germany was in one after WWI bc they could not pay back reparations, which led to the rise of Hitler.

Answer 8

Economic Depression

Question 9

penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted governing state. US had these against Japan which made them angry and they retaliated with Pearl Harbor

Answer 9

Economic Sanctions

Question 10

French middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people;

they rebelled against France and this led to Napolean coming to power

Answer 10

Bourgeoisie

Question 11

agreements between nations to aid and protect one another. (Triple alliance and Central Powers)

Alliances caused other countries to be pulled into war. After the archduke Franz Ferdinand was killed, several countries got pulled into war due to alliances, which started WWI.

Answer 11

Alliances

Question 12

One of the most important meetings after WWII. A meeting in 1945 in which Truman Stalin Churchill set up zones of control and told Japan if they did not surrender they would face total destruction; demanded free elections throughout Eastern Europe. Importance: Post WWII, caused tension, and led to the Cold War

Answer 12

Potsdam Conference

Question 13

Conference held in Munich 1938, during which the leaders of Great Britain, France, and Italy agreed to allow Germany to annex certain areas of Czechoslovakia. Important because it followed idea of “appeasement” but failed.

Answer 13

Munich Conference​

Question 14

a government that aims to control every aspect of life: political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens

Stalin used this to have Bolshevik purges and which caused Russia to declare war.

Answer 14

Totalitarianism

Question 15

6/6/44; When allied troops began the invasion of Europe on the beaches of Normandy, France; began the process of retaking france and a turning point in the war in the directio of the Allied forces

Answer 15

D Day

Question 16

military alliance made up of 12 countries (non communist) to support each other if they wre attacked (pretty much an alliance against soviets)

Answer 16

NATO/North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 17

A war that involves the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefields.

This is important bc WWI was one and many civilians died.

Answer 17

Total War

Question 18

secret neutrality pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed in Moscow on 23 August 1939. Important bc then Germany would not have to fight a 2 front war.

Answer 18

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

Question 19

the name for the non-physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991
This was important because people were starving and it caused a lot of tension between countries after the war.

Answer 19

Iron Curtain

Question 20

an ideological principle of Nazism and provided justification for the German territorial expansion into Central and Eastern Europe.
(“living space”) comprises policies and practices of settler colonialism which proliferated in Germany from the 1890s to the 1940s. This was significant because it provided Hitler with a reason for his expansion across Europe.

Answer 20

Lebensraum

Question 21

flew supplies in to Berlin by American and British airplanes.
supplied food to West Berlin and US & Britain worked together against Soviet Union

Answer 21

Berlin Airlift

Question 22

expansion of countries into other countries; the process of settling and controlling the indigenous people of an area; this was signifcant because it led to a lot of tensions that resulted in world wars.

Answer 22

Colonization

Question 23

flew supplies in to Berlin by American and British airplanes. (berlin wall)
supplied food to West Berlin and US & Britain worked together against Soviet Union

Answer 23

Berlin Airlift

Question 24

Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group

important: Hitler used this idea to purge Europe of Jewish people

Answer 24

Genocide

Question 25

It was the name of Germany’s government between the 2 wars. Importance: responsible for signing peace treaty which included war guilt clause and reparations.

Answer 25

Weimar Republic

Question 26

the movement toward mass production of machinery making a more industrial economy

it is significant because of it increased the amount of war materials made

Answer 26

Industrialization

Question 27

units of the Nazi security forces composed of members of the SS that were killing units during the German invasions of Poland (1939) and the Soviet Union (1941). This was important because it was part of Hitler’s Final Solution.

Answer 27

Einsatzgrupper

Question 28

strong pride in one’s country; identification with one’s own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion of the interests of other nations. Importance: Germans had high nationalism, even when they were being defeated.

Answer 28

Nationalism

Question 29

a political philosophy led by dictator that glorifies the state above the individual by emphasizing the need for a strong central government

Mussolini used this system and took over Italy

Answer 29

Fascism