final exam: chapter 45 (sensory functioning) Flashcards
what are the four factors that contribute to sensory alteration?
a. deficits
b. deprivation
c. overload
d. poverty
e. development
f. process
a-d
this kind of sensory alteration includes environment w/decreased stimuli, impaired ability to receive environmental stimuli (hearing, vision), and inability to process environmental stimuli.
a. deficit
b. deprivation
c. overload
d. poverty
b
what are the three disturbances that result from sensory deprivation?
perceptual (results from inaccurate perceptions of light, sound, etc.), cognitive (attention span and concentration decreased), and emotional
a pt is experiencing too much sensory stimuli, feels out of control, and exhibits manifestations observed in sensory deprivation. the nurse plans on reducing these stressful stimuli. what is the pt undergoing?
a. sensory overload
b. sensory output
c. sensory deficit
a
a 78 yo woman has impaired sight, hearing, altered taste, tactile perception, and impaired kinesthetic sense (awareness of position and movement of body parts). she has which kind of sensory alteration?
deficit
technology has created this kind of sensory alteration
poverty
what are the 5 factors that affect sensory stimulation?
culture | developmental considerations | meds | personality and lifestyle | stress and illness
sensory changes in the older adult affect (1) __, (2) __, (3) __ and __, and (4) __
vision; hearing; smell; taste; alteration in peripheral sensation
presbyopia, cataracts, macular degeneration, and glaucoma are all changes in __ for the older adult
vision
hearing loss, tinnitus, and meniere’s disease are changes in __ for the older adult
hearing
name the 7 conscious states: __ (hint: cddlmns)
confusion | delirium | dementia | locked-in syndrome | minimally conscious state | normal consciousness | somnolence
match the conscious states with their appropriate definition:
a. confusion
b. delirium
c. dementia
d. locked-in syndrome
e. minimally conscious state
f. normal consciousness
g. somnolence
1. disorientation, restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, agitation, alternating with other conscious states
2. difficulties with spatial orientation, memory, language; changes in personality
3. reduced awareness, easily distracted, easily startled by sensory stimuli, alternates between drowsiness and excitability; resembles minor form of delirium state
4. aware of self and external environment, well oriented, responsive
5. Extreme drowsiness, but will respond normally to stimuli
6. part consciousness; sleep–wake cycles present; some motor function, including automatic movements; inconsistently follows commands
7. full consciousness; sleep–wake cycles present; quadriplegic, auditory and visual function preserved; emotion preserved
a. 3
b. 1
c. 2
d. 7
e. 6
f. 4
g. 5
how can we prevent sensory alteration? (hint: bceeopu)
be aware of need for sensory aids & prostheses | control pt discomfort | encourage physical activity & exercise | enlist aid of family members to participate in/encourage activities | offer care providing rest & comfort | provide stimulation for as many senses as possible | use social activities to stimulate senses & mind
true or false. teach pt self-care behaviors to maintain vision & prevent blindness
true
you should __ your presence in the pt’s room (if they are visually impaired)
acknowledge
visually impaired pts: speak in a __ tone of voice
NORMAL
visually impaired pts: __ the reasoning for touching pt
explain
visually impaired pts: keep __ w/in reach
call light
visually impaired pts: __ the pt to __ in the environment as well as __ arrangement and __
orient; sounds; room; furnishings
visually impaired pts: assist with ambulation by walking __ of the pt
slightly ahead
visually impaired pts: stay in pt’s __
field of vision
visually impaired pts: indicate conversation has ended when __
leaving the room
hearing-impaired pts: orient them to your __ before speaking
prescence
hearing-impaired pts: decrease __ before speaking
background noises
