Final Exam: Assistive Devices and Gait Sequences

Question 1

Typically, WB restrictions are based on a _____ of the patient’s body weight that should be transmitted through the LE

Answer 1

percentage

Question 2

True or False

Upper extremity WB restrictions do not affect gait

Answer 2

False, it can affect gait if UEs are being used to compensate for LE difficulty

Question 3

What does NWB stand for

Answer 3

non weight bearing

Question 4

Which WB term describes that the foot does not touch the ground

Answer 4

NWB

Question 5

What does TTWB stand for

Answer 5

toe touch weight bearing

Question 6

Which WB term describes when the foot contacts the ground for balance only, or 10 to 15kg or up to 20% of body weight

Answer 6

TTWB

Question 7

During TTWB, how much weight should be put through the foot

Answer 7

10 to 15kg or 20% of body weight

Question 8

What does PWB stand for

Answer 8

partial weight bearing

Question 9

Which WB term describes 20% to 50% of body weight put through an extremity

Answer 9

PWB

Question 10

What does WBAT stand for

Answer 10

weight bearing as tolerated

Question 11

Which WB terms is limited only by patient tolerance, usually 50% to 100% of the patient’s BW

Answer 11

WBAT

Question 12

What does FWB stand for

Answer 12

full weight bearing

Question 13

Which WB term describes when a patient has no restrictions and is 100% weight bearing

Answer 13

FWB

Question 14

List the assistive devices from most supportive to least supportive

1. Hemi Walker
2. Bilateral axillary crutches
3. Single point cane
4. Parallel bars
5. Walker
6. Bilateral forearm crutches
7. Quad cane

Answer 14

4, 5, 2, 6, 1, 7, 3

Question 15

List the assistive devices from requiring the least coordination to the most coordination

Walker, axillary crutches, parallel bars, 1 cane, forearm crutches, 2 canes

Answer 15

parallel bars
walker
1 cane
2 canes
axillary crutches
forearm crutches

Question 16

When a clinician is guarding during gait, their forearm should be in (supination/pronation)

Answer 16

supination

Question 17

What three things does guarding include

Answer 17

verbal cuing, monitoring the environment, and physical assistance

Question 18

Initial guarding should be on the side of the patient’s (involved/uninvolved) side

Answer 18

uninvolved

Question 19

Why does a clinician initially guard on a patient’s uninvolved side?

Answer 19

It is the best position to pull patient into PT’s base of support, reducing potential of placing weight on involved side.

As the patient improves, you can switch to involved side

Question 20

How should a clinician guard during transferring a patient in/out of a chair

Answer 20

Stand in stride, to one side, and slightly behind the patient

Question 21

How should a clinician guard when a patient is ambulating on level surfaces

Answer 21

stand in stride directly behind the patient and the AD on the side on which you are guarding

Question 22

During ambulation, the clinician should advance the (inside/outside) foot as the patient advances the AD. Move the (inside/outside) foot as patient advances their LE.

Answer 22

outside; inside

Question 23

A ____ _____ is a selected sequence of movements for the AD and lower extremities

Answer 23

gait pattern

Question 24

Which type of gait pattern requires WBAT or FWB

Answer 24

two point or four point

Question 25

Which type of gait pattern is used for muscle weakness, pain, or decreased balance. Usually with 2 assistive devices such as 2 canes or crutches

Answer 25

two point

Question 26

Which type of gait pattern is used with patients that have an impairment of one LE, such as a fracture, weakness, pain, injury or surgery requiring decreased WB

Answer 26

three point

Question 27

Which type of gait pattern is used with a walker or bilateral crutches

Answer 27

three point

Question 28

Describe the sequence of a three point gait pattern

Answer 28

Walker/crutches, involved leg, uninvolved leg

Question 29

Which gait pattern is used for patients with the same impairments as two point but more severe

Answer 29

four point

Question 30

Which gait pattern is described as a deliberate 2 point gait pattern

Answer 30

four point

Question 31

Which gait pattern requires bilateral crutches or canes

Answer 31

four point

Question 32

When going up and down stairs, the saying is “Up with the (good/bad), down with the (good/bad)

Answer 32

good; bad

Question 33

As a patient goes up stairs with an AD, the clinician should guard from the (front/back)

Answer 33

back

Question 34

As a patient goes down stairs with an AD, the clinician should guard from the (front/back)

Answer 34

front