Final Exam: Assistive Devices and Gait Sequences Flashcards
Typically, WB restrictions are based on a _____ of the patient’s body weight that should be transmitted through the LE
percentage
True or False
Upper extremity WB restrictions do not affect gait
False, it can affect gait if UEs are being used to compensate for LE difficulty
What does NWB stand for
non weight bearing
Which WB term describes that the foot does not touch the ground
NWB
What does TTWB stand for
toe touch weight bearing
Which WB term describes when the foot contacts the ground for balance only, or 10 to 15kg or up to 20% of body weight
TTWB
During TTWB, how much weight should be put through the foot
10 to 15kg or 20% of body weight
What does PWB stand for
partial weight bearing
Which WB term describes 20% to 50% of body weight put through an extremity
PWB
What does WBAT stand for
weight bearing as tolerated
Which WB terms is limited only by patient tolerance, usually 50% to 100% of the patient’s BW
WBAT
What does FWB stand for
full weight bearing
Which WB term describes when a patient has no restrictions and is 100% weight bearing
FWB
List the assistive devices from most supportive to least supportive
- Hemi Walker
- Bilateral axillary crutches
- Single point cane
- Parallel bars
- Walker
- Bilateral forearm crutches
- Quad cane
4, 5, 2, 6, 1, 7, 3
List the assistive devices from requiring the least coordination to the most coordination
Walker, axillary crutches, parallel bars, 1 cane, forearm crutches, 2 canes
parallel bars walker 1 cane 2 canes axillary crutches forearm crutches
When a clinician is guarding during gait, their forearm should be in (supination/pronation)
supination
What three things does guarding include
verbal cuing, monitoring the environment, and physical assistance
Initial guarding should be on the side of the patient’s (involved/uninvolved) side
uninvolved
Why does a clinician initially guard on a patient’s uninvolved side?
It is the best position to pull patient into PT’s base of support, reducing potential of placing weight on involved side.
As the patient improves, you can switch to involved side
How should a clinician guard during transferring a patient in/out of a chair
Stand in stride, to one side, and slightly behind the patient
How should a clinician guard when a patient is ambulating on level surfaces
stand in stride directly behind the patient and the AD on the side on which you are guarding
During ambulation, the clinician should advance the (inside/outside) foot as the patient advances the AD. Move the (inside/outside) foot as patient advances their LE.
outside; inside
A ____ _____ is a selected sequence of movements for the AD and lower extremities
gait pattern
Which type of gait pattern requires WBAT or FWB
two point or four point
Which type of gait pattern is used for muscle weakness, pain, or decreased balance. Usually with 2 assistive devices such as 2 canes or crutches
two point
Which type of gait pattern is used with patients that have an impairment of one LE, such as a fracture, weakness, pain, injury or surgery requiring decreased WB
three point
Which type of gait pattern is used with a walker or bilateral crutches
three point
Describe the sequence of a three point gait pattern
Walker/crutches, involved leg, uninvolved leg
Which gait pattern is used for patients with the same impairments as two point but more severe
four point
Which gait pattern is described as a deliberate 2 point gait pattern
four point
Which gait pattern requires bilateral crutches or canes
four point
When going up and down stairs, the saying is “Up with the (good/bad), down with the (good/bad)
good; bad
As a patient goes up stairs with an AD, the clinician should guard from the (front/back)
back
As a patient goes down stairs with an AD, the clinician should guard from the (front/back)
front
