Exam 3: Patient Skills - Assisted Devices Flashcards
What are WB Restrictions of the LE typically based on
A percentage of the patients body weight that should be transmitted through the LE
Upper extremity WV restrictions can affect ___ if UEs are being used to compensate for LE difficulty
gait
What does NWB stand for
non weight bearing
Which term is used to describe a foot that does not touch the ground
non weight bearing
What does TTWB stand for
toe touch or touch down WB
Which term is used to describe a foot that contacts the ground for balance only, or 10 to 15 kg or up to 20% of BW
TTWB
What does PWB stand for
partial WB
Which term is used to describe usually 20% to 50% of body weight
partial WB
what does WBAT mean
weight bearing as tolerated
which term is used to describe pressure limited only by patient tolerance, usually 50% to 100%
weight bearing as tolerated
what does FWB stand for
full weight bearing
Which term is used to describe 100% weigh bearing with no restrictions
full weight bearing
List the assisted devices from most to least supportive
- Parallel Bars
- Walker
- Bilateral axillary crutches
- Bilateral forearm crutches
- Hemi walker
- Quad cane
- Single point cane
List the assisted devices from lest to most coordination
- Parallel bars
- Walker
- 1 Cane
- 2 Canes
- Axillary crutches
- Forearm crutches (most coordination)
When guarding a patient, a gait belt should be used (sometimes/always) and the clinician’s grip should be (supinated/pronated)
always; supinated
What three factors does guarding a patient include
- verbal cues
- monitoring the environment
- physical assistance
Should initial guarding be on the patient’s involved or uninvolved side
uninvolved
Why should initial guarding be on the patient’s uninvolved side
Because it is the best position to pull a patient into PT’s base of support, reducing potential of placing weight on involved side. As the patient improves you can switch to involved side
How should a clinician guard a patient during moving in/out of a chair
The clinician should stand in stride and slightly behind the patient
How should a clinician guard a patient during ambulation on level surfaces
The clinician should stand in stride directly behind the patient and the AD on the side on which you are guarding. The clinician should advance the outside foot as the patient advances the AD.
Which term is used to describe a selected sequence of movements for the assisted device and lower extremities
gait pattern
Which point gait pattern is used for muscle weakness, pain, or decreased balance, usually with 2 assistive devices such as 2 canes or crutches
two point
What type of WB does 2 point gait pattern require
WBAT or FWB
Which point gait pattern is used with patients that have an impairment on one LE such as Fx, weakness, pain, injury or surgery requiring decreased WB
three point
What type of assisted devices are used with three point gait patterns
a walker or bilateral crutches
What is the sequence of a three point gait pattern
walker/crutches, involved leg, uninvolved leg
Which point gate pattern is for patients with the same impairments as two point but more severe
4 point
What is another term for a 4 point gate pattern
deliberate 2 point gait pattern
Which type of assisted device and weight bearing does a 4 point gate pattern require
bilateral crutches or canes with WBAT or FWB
What is the sequence of a four point gait pattern
cane/crutch, opposite LE, second cane/crutch, opposite LE
When a patient is transferring up and down stairs, it is important to remember “____ with the good, ____ with the bad.”
Up; down
When a patient is transferring up and down stairs, the AD generally moves with the (involved/uninvolved) LE
involved
If a patient is transferring up a staircase with an AD, where should the clinician guard
from behind the patient
If a patient is transferring down a staircase with an AD, where should the clinician guard
from in front of the patient
How should a patient be fitted for a front-wheeled/rolling walker
The patient should stand within with walker with their shoulders relaxed. The top of the handgrip should be at the patients wrist. The elbows should be flexed 20-30 degrees
How should a patient be fitted for a standard walker
The patient should stand within with walker with their shoulders relaxed. The top of the handgrip should be at the patients wrist. The elbows should be flexed 20-30 degrees
How should a patient be fitted for a four-wheeled walker
The patient should stand within with walker with their shoulders relaxed. The top of the handgrip should be at the patients wrist. The elbows should be flexed 20-30 degrees
How should a patient be fitted for axillary crutches
Two fingers between the crutch and the armpit. The handgrips should fall at the wrist when patient is relaxed and elbows should be flexed 20-30 degrees
How should a patient be fitted for a hemi walker
The patient should stand within with walker with their shoulders relaxed. The top of the handgrip should be at the patients wrist. The elbows should be flexed 20-30 degrees
A front wheeled/rolling walker is meant for a ___ point gait pattern
3
A standard walker is meant for a ___ point gait pattern
3
A four wheeled walker is meant for a ____ point gait pattern
3
Axillary crutches are meant for which point gait pattern
2, 3, or 4
A forearm crutch is means for which point gait patterns
2, 3, or 4
A hemi walker is meant for a ___ point gait pattern
3
A cane can be used for which point gait patterns
3 or 4 if it is bilateral canes
