Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sport Psychology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sports Trivia flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
0
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Used for phobia treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the major features and aspects of mental Imagery? (Multisensory)

A 
Touch
Taste
Smell 
Vision
Kinesthetic
Visceral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Relaxation-anxiety control

A

Public speaking

Test anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Skill acquisition learning

A

Correction of mistakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rehearsal

A

Memorization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cognitive strategy

A

Negative thought stopping

Confidence Enhancement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Disease Treatment

A

Illness

Injury Recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Performance enhancement

A

Mental practice

Training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the major dimensions of imagery as it is used in sport?

A 
Perspective
Modality
Vividness/Clarity
Control
Outcome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Perspective

A

Internal: Imagine through own eyes
External: Imagine through someone watching you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Modality

A

Single sense vs. combinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vividness/Clarity

A

Very clear or not so clear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Control

A

Independent of vividness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Outcome

A

Successful vs. unsuccessful performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4 goals of VMBR

A

Performance enhancement
Error correction
General preparation for competition
Confidence enhancement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Visu-Motor- Behavioral Rehearsal VMBR

A

Relaxation

Total sensory experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why imagery may improve motor performance

A

Confidence enhancement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Unresolved issues in imagery

A 
What is the mechanism/How does it work
How can imagery be measured
What about differences in ability to controal images and create vivid images
How much is too much?
KOR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Centering

A 
Relax, take a deep breath and exhale
Displace any negative
Focus attention on important cue
Concetrate proper form
Use internal attention focusing strategy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Psyching strategies to improve performance findings:

A

Not beneficial for speed or balancing
No evidence for physiological activation/arousal
Effects on strength mixed
Different psyching techniques
May interfere with skill acquisition for beginners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Basic findings regarding goal setting strategies (Locke and Latham)

A 
Specific goals work better than general
Difficult goals better than general
Short+Long term better than long alone
Feedback is necessary
Competition improves performance if it results in higher goals or commitment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lock and Latham goal setting studies

A

Performance improvements were similar across all conditions
Problem: Groups had different starting points
Goal setting in sports don’t differ much from industrial setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Attention Width

A

There’s also intermediate levels of attention focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Attentional Direction

A

External- Focus on environment outside the body

Internal- Focus on inside- Thoughts, feelings, sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Attentional Categories

A

Broad external- QB
Broad Internal
Narrow external
Narrow Internal- Free throw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Errors due to attention

A

Over-inclusion

Under-inclusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Overinclusion

A

Beginners
Taking in more information than athlete can process
Taking in irrelevant information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Underinclusion

A

Taking in too little information

28
Q

Reinforcement

A

Using rewards to increase likelihood of repeat behavior

29
Q

Punishment

A

Using punishment to decrease likelihood of repeat behaivor

30
Q

Positive Reinforcement

A

Adding reward-
Trophy
Money
Praise

31
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Taking away bag things as reward

No Laps at the end of practice

32
Q

Positive punishment

A

Adding difficulty/punishment
Extra laps
Yelling at athletes

33
Q

Negative punishment

A

Taking away reward already had

No playing time

34
Q

The Fear approach

A

Coaches as screamers

Punishment may result in fear of failure

35
Q

Fear of failure may lead to…

A

Decreased enjoyment of sport
Increase in drop out
Sub par performance
Increased risk of injury

36
Q

What explanations have been given for fear approach?

A

Recruiting

Actually Care

37
Q

Reinforcement schedules?

A

Continuous- Used each time behavior occurs

Partial- Less frequent

38
Q

Continuous reinforcement is good for

A

Young or unskilled athletes

39
Q

Types of Partial reinforcement

A

Random schedule

Fixed schedule

40
Q

Two sub-types of eating disorders

A

Restrictive (anorexia)

Binge eating/purging (Bulimea)

41
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A 
Constant appetite
Distorted view of appearance 
Denial of symptoms
Excessive physical activity
Compulsive personality
42
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

Distorted perception of appearance
Obsession with food
Able to maintain appearance while binging
Begins as means of weight control

43
Q

How prevalent are ED’s

A

2% of general population
3-19% of women
47% overlap between anorexia and bulimia
Currently More women become bulimic first

44
Q

Exercise as a casual factor

A

Feeling of control
Preoccupation with body image
Low weight and sport performance
Extreme role models for exercise

45
Q

Similar characteristics between athletes and eating disorder individuals

A

Self control
Mentally tough
Perfectionist
Coachable/Complient

46
Q

Major characteristics of reverse body dysmorphia

A

Preoccupation with body size and musculature
Distorted body image
Dissatisfaction with personal appearance

47
Q

Cognitive

A

Objective information (from past experiance)

48
Q

Perception

A

Bodily feelings and sensations

49
Q

How is Perception of effort measured?

A

The Borg Ratings of Perceived Exertion Scale

50
Q

What are the major physiological variables linked to perceived exertion?

A

Heart Rate
Ventilation
Lactate
Others

51
Q

Heart rate is directly correlated with RPE workload scale except….

A

In long exercises where heart rate stays the same yet workload is higher

52
Q

Long duration exercise

A

Heart rate does not indicate when exhaustion will occur

53
Q

Low intensity exercise

A

Heart rate overestimates exertion at low workloads

54
Q

Two primary cognitive strategies by runners?

A

Association

Dissociation

55
Q

Association

A

Directing attention to the sensations of effort and fatigue
Used by elite marathoners
Pays attention to body
Perceived exertion

56
Q

Dissociation

A

Deliberately ignore or distract self from sensations of exertion

57
Q

Dissociative strategy treadmill findings

A

Tested in lab- Lung Gom Lab

28% increase in endurance time

58
Q

Dissociation: Common Use

A

Music

59
Q

Overtraining

A

A systematically planned period of maximum training volume and intensity intended to result in optimum performance

60
Q

Staleness

A

A chronic drop in performance that is not alleviated short layoffs or reductions in training

61
Q

Overtraining (stimulus) Adaption(response)

A

Improved performance

62
Q

Overtraining (Stimulus) Staleness

A

Worsened performance

63
Q

Symptomsof staleness

A

Mood state changes

64
Q

How common is staleness? Greatest risk?

A

Rare but seen in all different age groups

64% in elite male distance runners

65
Q

How is staleness treated?

A

Stop everything all together

66
Q

Major findings of staleness

A

Preliminary studies suggest that mood state monitoring can be used to prevent some athletes from developing staleness

67
Q

How can reinforcement be used as a source of feedback?

A

Knowledge of results

Knowledge of Performance

Sport Psychology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions