Exam 2 Flashcards
Primary steps of After Only designs
Step 1: Randomly Assign your subjects to the groups: Experimental and Control
Step 2: Evaluate the results
Weakness of After Only
Difference could be due to chance
Example: Effect of glucose on strength
Steps of Before After Design
Step 1: Randomly assign your subjects
Step 2: Conduct a pre-test
Step 3: Administer treatment and retest groups
Step 4: Evaluate results
What is pre-test sanitization?
The effect of taking a test
What is the problem with pretest sanitization?
Holding Back
Learned Something
Discomfort
Solution to pre-test sanitization
Change the order of treatments
The Halo effect
The experimenter knows something about the participant
Rosenthal Effect
Caused by actions of experimenter, knows results based on hypothesis
Hawthorne Effect
Participants behavior changes due to special treatment
What is the solution to the rosenthal and halo effects?
Single Blind test
Solution for Hawthorne Effect
Double Blind
What are demand characteristics?
Cues or clues given by experimenter to the participant
Alert the participant to the hypothesis
Demand Characteristics result in….
The Rosenthal Effect
What is the pact of ignorance?
The participant does not admit to knowing the hypothesis or altering behavior
When placebos are present in a double blind study
Total Blind
What is the definition of personality?
Temporally stable
Cross- situational individual differences
Related to cognition emotions/feelings, and behavior
What factors influence the development of personality
Genetics
Environment
Developmental factors
<p>
| What factors are personality related to? 5 Characteristics</p>
<p> Current theory identifies: </p> <p> Openness to experience</p> <p> Conscientiousness</p> <p> Extraversion</p> <p> Agreeableness</p> <p> Neuroticisim</p>
Two categories of measures used in personality research
Projective
Non-Projective
Strengths and Weaknesses of Projective measures
Pros: Reveal unconscious thoughts, Hidden emotions and internal conflict
Cons: Rely mostly on clinical judgement, lack of reliability and validity