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sport psychology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four major forms of evidence?

A

Philosophical
Pedagogical
Empirical
Theoretical

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2
Q

Philosophical

A

Play to win

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3
Q

Pedagogical

A

Accepted or traditional practices

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4
Q

Empirical

A

Observed through research

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5
Q

Theoretical

A

More is better

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6
Q

Who is the Father of Sport Psychology and where did he work? What did his research consist of?

A

Coleman Robert Griffith
University of Illinois
Studied psychological factors in football and baseball

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7
Q

American Sport Psychology

A

Providing performance enhancement services to athletes

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8
Q

Soviet Union Sport Psychology

A

Stressed psychological training
Integrated systems
Trained psych coaches

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9
Q

Scandinavian Sport Psychology

A

Emphasis on sport performance and health
Trained and licensed coaches
“Sport For All”

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10
Q

Czech Sport Psychology

A

Intelligence- what is going on in the setting

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11
Q

Methods Soviets used to train sport psychologists and to integrate them into the sport system?

A

Required training in psych
Required Good working relationship with the coach staff team
Practical expieriance in the sport is preferred

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12
Q

Major reasons for controversy concerning the definition and use of the term “sport psychologist”

A

Not all sport psychologists are psychologists

There are no professional standards for membership

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13
Q

How old is sport psychology?

A

First article was written in the 1895- Fitz published

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14
Q

When did the contemporary period of sport psychology begin?

A

1960’s (65)

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15
Q

What are the major events that characterize the contemporary period?

A

Creation of professional sport psychology organizations
The movement was both National and International
Organizations begain to publish sport psychology research journals

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16
Q

Presently, what is the major research focus of sport psychology in the United States?

A

Providing performance enhancement services to athletes.

17
Q

What 3 forms of evidence are most commonly used to support US Sport Psychology practices and what sort of weaknesses have been found with these forms?

A

Borrowed Theory
Expert Testimony
Personal Experience

18
Q

Problems and limitations of Borrowed Theory?

A

Out of date and not necessarily specifically for athletes

19
Q

Problems and limitations for Personal experience?

A

Can be manipulated, can be either useful or misleading

20
Q

Problems and limitations with expert testimony

A

Based on personal experience

21
Q

What percent of sport psychologists are psychologists?

A

10%

22
Q

What is an erogenic aid?

A

Something used to increase performance in the athletic spectrum

23
Q

What are the two categories of ergogenic aids?

A

Substances

Phenomena

24
Q

What issues surround Phenomena?

A

jh

25
Q

What are the major steps of the Scientific ideal?

A

Identify a problem
Come up with a practical solution
Test hypothesis
Conduct new hypothesis

26
Q

Definition of model

A

A simple description of some aspect of reality “More is better”

27
Q

Definition of Theory

A

A more complex, complete and sophisticated description or explanation of reality “ the overload principle”

28
Q

Definition of Hypothesis

A

An educated guess based off of reality

29
Q

How is conducting research study both similar and different from what a coach does?

A

Both: Evaluate results
Coach: uses a training system
Scientist: conduct a research study

30
Q

What are the three levels of science?

A

Explanation/Casuality- Hardest
Prediction
Description- Simplest

31
Q

What are five types of research techniques?

A 
Laboratory experiment- None/Low
Laboratory simulation-Some
Field Experiment-High
Field Study-High
Survey- Doesnt apply
32
Q

What is ecological validity?

A

The degree of “realism” that is incorporated into a study

33
Q

Why do we use Ecological validity?

A

Important for studies that have practical or applied consequences but is not always necessary or desirable

34
Q

What is external validity?

A

The degree in which your findings can be applied to the population of interest (the target population)

35
Q

When is external validity important?

A

When you want the results to apply to a population with an unusual or specific characteristics

36
Q

Why is volunteerism important when you do research studies?

A

The tendency for people with certain characteristics to either volunteer or participate in research studies

37
Q

Difference between Acute and chronic?

A 
Acute= short term
Chronic= Long term

sport psychology (4 decks)

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