Final Exam Flashcards
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This word means “brining under control” -a “subduing” or “conquering of .”
Subjugation
This justification for slavery, often used by men such as George Fitzhugh and John C. Calhoun, said that bondage was needed because black people were naturally inferior.
Positive Good Argument
This justification for slavery acknowledged that bondage was perhaps morally wrong but more desirable than alternative systems of labor or racial solutions.
Necessary Evil Argument
This abolitionist and author of “American Slavery As It Is” sought to expose the atrocities of slavery in hopes of uprooting the institution.
Weld
The former Maryland slave and author of the autobiographical “My Bondage and Freedom” became the premiere black abolitionist.
Douglass
This author of “American Negro Slavery”, published in 1918, argued that slavery was a worthwhile institution whereby paternalistic slaveholders cared for childlike but contented blacks.
Phillips
This author of “The Myth of the Negro Past”, published in 1941, argued that the widespread belief that black culture had been uprooted by slavery was a mere myth.
Herskovits
The author of “The Peculiar Institution”, published in 1956, argued that slavery was a harsh institution that whereby sadistic slaveholders mistreated blacks and sought “to make them stand in fear.”
Stampp
This author of “Slavery”, a controversial study published in 1959, call for more comparative studies as he propounded the notorious “Sambo thesis.”
Elkins
This author of “The Slave Community”, published in 1972, argued that slavery did not dehumanize blacks because their significant others were not slaveholders but other black people.
Blassingame
This author of “From Sundown to Sunup”, published in 1972 as an introduction to the thousands of slave narrative that he edited, instead that slaves had the fortitude to retain their culture despite the harshness of slavery.
Rawick
This author “Unfree Labor”, published in 1986, agreed with Elkins that more comparative studies of slavery needed to be done and dismissed many of the claims of the “community and culture” school while stopping short of embracing the “Sambo thesis.”
Kolchin
These included Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, and Delaware (slave areas that remained loyal to the Union when the Civil War erupted).
Border States
This Union general declared that slaves were “contraband of war” and refused to return them to their owners.
Butler
This Union general and first Republican Party candidate for president anger Lincoln by declaring martial law in a border state that had not yet seceded from the Union.
Fremont
This phrase means “under the command of the military”
Martial Law
He became noted in history for delivering the Confederate vessel the “Planter” into Union hands and is just one example of how blacks believed that the Civil War was about their freedom.
Smalls
Passed in 1861, this declared that slaves used in the war effort were free.
1st Confiscation Act
Passed in 1862, this decreed that slaves of owners in rebellion against the Union were free.
2nd Confiscation Act
Passed on January 1, 1863, this mandated that slaves of states in rebellion against the Union were free.
Emancipation Proclamation
Ratified in 1865, it ended slavery in the United States
Amendment 13
This premiere Confederate general and son of a Revolutionary War hero was a graduate of West Point, fought in the Mexican War, and was asked to lead Union forces by Abraham Lincoln but decided instead to serve his “country” of Virginia.
Robert E. Lee
This word means “goods taken from the enemy during war or by plunder”.
Booty
