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Oncology II > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following cancers would most likely be seen in a child?

a. retinoblastoma
b. primary brain
c. osteosarcoma
d. hodgkin’s disease (HD)

A

b. Primary Brain

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2
Q

Children are most likely to develop which type of leukemia?

A

ALL

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3
Q

Ewing sarcomas are cancers of which organ?

A

Bone

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4
Q

Rhabdomyosarcomas are cancers of which organ?

A

Mesenchymal

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5
Q

The craniospinal treatment technique is used to treat what specific type of pediatric cancer?

A

Medulloblastoma

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6
Q

What is the most common presenting symptom of a soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity?

A

Mass

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7
Q

What is the most common intracranial tumor in children?

A

Astrocytoma

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8
Q

Which pediatric cancer has the best overall survival?

A

Hodgkin’s Disease

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9
Q

Which area is most likely to develop rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

Head and Neck

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10
Q

Which pediatric cancer spreads through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

A

Medulloblastoma

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11
Q

Which pediatric cancer occurs in the testes and ovaries?

A

Germ Cell Tumor

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12
Q

Wilms’ tumors are cancers of which organ?

A

Kidney

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13
Q

Medulloblastomas typically begin in which area of the brain?

A

Cerebellum

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14
Q

Which pediatric brain tumor often mimics medulloblastomas?

A

Ependymomas

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15
Q

The most common pediatric cancer is _________________.

A

Acute Leukemia

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16
Q

Anatomically, the radiation treatment area most common for Wilms’ tumor is the

A

Abdomen

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17
Q

Which of the following has the highest incidence in children?

a. retinoblastoma
b. neuroblastomy
c. ALL
d. wilms’ tumor

A

c. ALL

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18
Q

The spleen is commonly associated with which of the following blood cell types?

A

Red Blood Cells

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19
Q

. What is the most common presenting symptom of HD?

A

Painless Mass

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20
Q

What is the most common long-term side effect of total lymphoid irradiation?

A

Secondary Malignancy

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21
Q

Which lymphoma is most common in young African males?

A

Burkitt Lymphoma

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22
Q

Which of the following are large lymphoid cells that contain multiple nuclei and are often used to determine the presence of Hodgkin Lymphoma?

A

Reed-sternberg Cells

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23
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma rates are highest in which age range?

A

20-34

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24
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma rates are highest in which age range?

A

65-84

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25
Q

What is the current 3-year survival rate of patient with GBM?

A

2.2%

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26
Q

What is the most common type of brain tumor?________________________________

A

Metastatic

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27
Q

What grade are GBMS?______________

A

IV

28
Q

What is the most common source of brain metastases?___________

A

Lung

29
Q

Which of the following cells are responsible for myelin production?

A

Schwann Cells

30
Q

Which of the following factors can limit the usefulness of surgery for CNS neoplasms?

a. Tumor location and extent
b. Patient status
c. Risk of causing neurologic damage
d. All of the above

A

d. All o the above

31
Q

Which portion of the brain is the site of intelligence and judgement? _________

A

Cerebrum

32
Q

. Which of the following conditions id a contraindication for stereotactic radiosurgery?

A

5 lesions

33
Q

In which portion of the CNS do most CNS tumors occur?__________

A

Cerebrum

34
Q

What is the most common grade of gliomas? _________

A

High

35
Q

What is the five-year survival rate for all CNS tumors combined?___________

A

35 percent

36
Q 
Which of the following is most significant to the prognosis of brain tumors?
A) Tumor size 
B) Lymph node involvement
C) Metastases
D) Grade
A

D) Grade

37
Q

What defines the inferior field border for the treatment of the whole brain for palliation?________

A

Superior Orbital ridge and the external auditory meatus

38
Q

A mantle field is used to treat which type of cancer?___________

A

Hodgkin’s Disease

39
Q

In what general anatomical location is Waldeyer ring located?_______

A

Mouth

40
Q

The abdominal para-aortic treatment portal includes what organ?

A

Spleen

41
Q

What landmark is typically used to determine the lower border of the mantle field?

A

T10

42
Q

What landmark is typically used to determine the lower border of the abdominal portion of the inverted-Y field?

A

L4-L5

43
Q

What stage is a Hodgkin lymphoma affecting only the right cervical lymph nodes?________________

A

Stage I

44
Q

What stage is a Hodgkin lymphoma that involves SCV lymph nodes and the spleen?______________

A

Stage III

45
Q

What stage is a Hodkin lymphoma with extralymphatic extension?_________

A

Stage IV

46
Q

What stage is a Hodgkin lymphoma affecting two lymph node groups on the same side of the diaphragm?__________________

A

Stage II

47
Q

Which treatment field for HD includes the inguinal lymph node chain?

A

Inverted Y (pelvic portion)

48
Q

Which treatment field for HD includes the axillary lymph node chain?______

A

Mantle

49
Q

Which treatment field for HD includes the retroperitoneal lymph node chain?_______

A

Inverted Y (pelvic portion)

50
Q

Which of the following is not a B symptom?

A

Diarrhea

51
Q

Which of the following organs is most closely associated with the lymphatic system?

A

Spleen

52
Q

What is the most common presenting symptom of HD?______

A

Painless Mass

53
Q

T/F Follicular lymphoma is the most common form of NHL

A

False

54
Q

T/F NHLs are highly curable.

A

False

55
Q

T/F NHLs are adequately staged using the Ann Arbor staging system.

A

False

56
Q

T/F Infections with certain viruses are a risk factor for HD.

A

True

57
Q

T/F T2 lesions are the most common stage of primary brain tumors.

A

False

58
Q

T/F metastatic brain lesions are more common in children that are primary brain tumors.

A

False

59
Q

T/F Radiation necrosis of brain tissue occurs with doses higher than 6000 cGy.

A

True

60
Q

T/F Primary brain lesions are the leading cause of cancer related deaths in children.

A

False

61
Q

T/F Retinoblastoma is the most common cancer in children.

A

False

62
Q

What area is lymphoma most common?

A

Cervical Nodes

63
Q

From which cells to medulloblastomas arise?

A

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)

64
Q

What is the most common CNS tumor in children?

A

Medulloblastoma

65
Q

Which tumors spread through the cerebral spinal fluid?

A

Medulloblastoma

66
Q

Which of the following is a late effect of brain irradiation in children?

A

Decreased IQ

Oncology II (10 decks)

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