Final Exam Flashcards
How does ATP provide energy to a cell?
It loses a phosphate group, releasing energy in the process.
Two main fucntions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Phospholipids and proteins secreted by the cell.
1.6 What is it called when an atom or functional group tends to attract electrons (or electrons density) towards itself?
Electronegativity.
Which macromolecule is a sugar and provides a major source of energy for daily activities?
Carbohydrate
What are the four main elements that make up living matter?
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
What is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane where no energy is required called?
Osmosis
Which process in Eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen is present or not?
Glycolysis
Are trace elements needed in big or small doses?
Small
Which macromolecule has a sugar phosphate backbone?
Nucleic Acid
What is the main difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Unsat contain carbon to carbon double bonds, but saturated fats don’t.
under 7 on the ph scale is acidic or basic?
acidic
What is the pigment known to play a direct role in photosynthesis by absorbing light called?
Chlorophyll a
What bonds cause water molecules to be attracted to each other?
Hydrogen
What is it called if a white blood cell engulf a baterium?
Phagocytosis
What kind of molecule forms a bilayer that is the basis for all cellular membranes?
Phospholipid
What is the monomer/building block of a protein molecule?
Amino Acids
Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments compose what part of the cell?
Cytoskeleton
What are the products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin Cycle?
ATP and NADPH
A statistically significant result is…..
unlikely due to chance events.
Where in photosynthesis does CO2 enter?
The Calvin Cycle
Which organic molecule is resonsible for storing and transmitting hereditary information?
nucleic acids
small nonpolar hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids _____ _____ through a _____’s ______ _______
easily pass through a membranes lipid bilayer.
What are the pores on the epidermis of a plant known as
Stomata
What do lysosomes do and do not do?>
They recycle organellese and shit but they do not synthesize preoteins.
When a solution doesnt have as much of the solution as the area surrounding the solution it is known to be
Hypotonic (meaning lacking)
Which vitamin do you need to ifght scurvy?
Vitamin C
1.3 Because the electrons in a water molecule are shared unequally between hydrogen and oxygen, water is said to be what kind of bond?
Polar
A molecule that is composed only of chains and rings of hydrogen and carbon is called a what?
HYDROCARBON.
What is the term for all chemical reactions in an organism?
metabolism
What is the type of bond where one or more electron are transferred from one to another?
Ionic
During cell resp. NADH does what?
Delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule
1.8 What is the substance found in a cell called that helps maintain pH balance?
Buffer
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
Selective Permeability
Table sugar belongs to which category of nutrients?
Carbohydrates
Where does the citric acid cycle occur?
The mitochondrial matrix.
Oxygen is relead from what part of photosynthesis?
Light Reaction
How much water should we drink every day?
3 L
Why is there complexity and variety in organic molecules?
Because carbon atoms are chemically versatile.
over 7 on the pH scale is acidic or basic?
basic
What are the stages of cellular respiration and put them in their correct order?
Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
1.2 What is the bond where electrons are shared equally?
Nonpolar covalent bond
What kind of molecule forms the bilayer that is the basis for all cell membranes?
Phospholipids
The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called _____
Phosphorylation
____ is to somatic cells as haploid is to ______
Diploid/gametes
What kind of bonds hold the atoms of a single water molecule together?
Polar covalent bonds
What is found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
A centriole is exclusively found in plants
False. the chloroplast dough
