Final chapter Flashcards
What subphase is when cell size increases in interphase?
G1
A requirement that a cell must be attached to a substratum in order to divide.
Anchorage dependence
What is a display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape
Karyotype
What unwinds DNA ahead of replication fork?
topisomerase
What includes genes that determine the individuals ex?
sex chromosomes
What is the complete set of an organisms genes known as?
the genome
The process of nuclear division that results in 2 diploid cells
mitosis
What unzips DNA strands?
Helicase
The synthesis of two daughter DNA molecules from one original parent molecule is caLLED
DNA replication
where do light reactions occur?
thylakoids
What is the phase of meiosis that may or may not happen and results in a a second round of prophase, metaphase and all that shit?
Interkinesis
What is the organelles that is the site for preotein synthesis?
Ribosome
What phase of mitosis is when the nuclear envelope begins to break down and microtubules attach to chromosomes?
Prometaphase
Which phase results in bigger cell size and replication of DNA?
Interphase
when two original strands of the molecule separate, and each strand acts as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand it is known as what?
semi conservative replication
What phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in a line at the center of a cell?
metaphase
the process of nuclear division that results in four haploid cells?
what is meiosis
Phases of mitosis and order?
Interphase Prophase (condensing the dna) Metaphase (middle phase, lining up the dna) Anaphase (away ohase where the dna begins to split) Telophase (gettiong really split that u need a telophone to call the other chromosomes) Cytokinesis a seperate membrane forms
synapsis of chromosomes occurs during
Prophase I
The phase of mitosis when sister chromatids are seperated?
Anaphase
Stabilizes the replication fork so replication an occur?
Single Stranded DNA binding proteins
Normal animal cell that stop dividing when they come into contact with one another is because of what?
Density dependent Inhibition
Where does citric acid cycle occur?
Mityochondrial martrics
Where does glycolysis occur?
Cytosol
A mutated gene that can cause cancer is called what?>
Oncogenes
What are homologous chromosomes?
basically two identical chromosomes
genetic exchange of small segments of DNA between non identical chromatids
What is crossing over
What does it mean to be heterozygous?
It means it has two different alleles
What are the 3 sub phases of interphase?
G1 G2 AND S
Which phase of mitosis is the longest ?
Interphase
What is the movement of material from an area of hisgh to low concentration?
Diffusion or passive transport
When one half of daughter DNA is conserved from parent strand and the other is a new daughter strand, what do we call that?
Semi conservative replication
The nuclear division of a diploid cell that results in four haploid cells?
meiosis
What organelle aids in intracellular digestion?
Lysosome
A process that creates new alleles to affect genetic diversity in a population?
mutation
What subphase of interphase is when DNA is replicated?
S Phase
What is the term that describes a trait that is controlled by m,any genes?
Polygenic
Dna is copied during what phase?
The S phase of interphase
WHat happens that creates nuclear division in two identical diploid daughter cells?
Mitosis
Nucleotides are added on to the 3 end by what?
DNA Polymerase
Division of the cytoplasm happens in what phase of mitosis?
Cytokinesis
The phase of mitosis hwen nuclear envelope begins to reform and chromosomes condense?
Telophase
_____is the functional segment of a chromosome. _______ are the expression
Genes/Alleles
chromatids remain attached to one another until anaphase
Centromere?
How does it end up having variations in offspring?
reshuffling or alleles
When homologous pairs are formed in prophase 1, what is that called?
Synapsis
When chromosome align at middle of cell, what phase is we in of mitosis?
Metaphase
