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Dental Anatomy > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

small elevation of enamel on some part of crown

A

tubercle

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2
Q

upper 2 pharyngeal arches identified by roman numerals I AND 11

A

mandibular

hyoid

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3
Q

rounded borders of enamel on mesial and distal portions of occlusal surfaces

A

marginal ridge

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4
Q

buccal groove of mandibular first molar is more anterior than normal to the MB cusp of the max. 1st molar,

A

class 3

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5
Q

molars are in class 2 and max. central are retruded,

A

class 2 D 2

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6
Q

PDL FIBER GROUPS

A

alveolar crest- from cervical area of tooth the alveolar crest

horizontal- horizontally from tooth to alveolar bone

oblique- fibers run obliquely from cementum to bone

apical- fibers radiating apically from tooth to bone

intradicular- fibers run between roots of multirooted teeth

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7
Q

comprises several row s of flattened cells

forms cementum of tooth, pdl and some alveolar bone

A

dental sac

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8
Q

crowns are formed from growth centers called

A

lobes

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9
Q

smallest permanent tooth in the mouth

A

mandibular centrals

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10
Q

something noticeably different from norm..

A

anaomaly

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11
Q

fluid part of blood

A

plasama

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12
Q

posterior

A 
mesial
distal
labial
buccal
occlusal
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13
Q

how many lobes do the molars have?

A

5 lobes

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14
Q

small area of condendsed cells arising from mesoderm and located next or deep to IEE

forms dentin and pulp of tooth

A

dental papilla

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15
Q

used to check bitre after restoration

A

articulating paper

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16
Q

the messages leaving the brain for distant parts of the body are referred to as…. cause some kind of action to take place

A

motor (efferent)

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17
Q

what is a bone producing cell?

A

osteoblast

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18
Q

2 adj. tooth germs unite

A

fusion

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19
Q

max 1st molar is even with or anterior to mand. 1st molar

A

class 2

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20
Q

hydroxyapatite compostion of enamel

A

96%

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21
Q

master controller of cell contains DNA and RNA whcih control operation of cell

A

nucleus

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22
Q

produced thin membrane to surround the material produced by the ER so it can be moved around

A

golgi apparatus

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23
Q

which type of cells form the epithelium?

A

simple and stratified

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24
Q

perm. tooth eruption ages

A 
maxillary
CI- 7-8 yrs
LI- 8-9 yrs
K9- 11-12 yrs
1 PM- 10-11
2 PM- 10-12
1 M- 6-7
2 M- 12-13
3 M- 17-22
mandibular
CI- 6-7 
LI 7-8
K9 9-10
1 PM 10-12
2PM 11-12
1 M 6-7
2 M 11-13
3M 17-22
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25
Q

every fourth day, change in development of enamel… brownish line develops in eamel looking like rings of a tree

A

striae of reztius

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26
Q

anterior tooth types

A

incisors-cutting

canines- grasping/tearing, longest tooth, trianguler shpaed roots

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27
Q

what is the general rule about teeth?

A

more posterior a molar, the smaller

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28
Q

nothced incisors due to syphlyis exposure, screwdriver shaped

A

hutchinsons incisors

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29
Q

hardening of the tooth tissue by deposition of mineral salts.. last tissue to become calcified the APEX of tooth

A

calcification

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30
Q

multiple or extra teeth

A

hyerdontia

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31
Q

the whole crown of the tooth that is covered by enamel

A

anatomical crown

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32
Q

tooth germ begins to grow within alveolar process

A

6th week of life fetal

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33
Q

result of individuals genetic make up

A

hereditary

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34
Q

opening at apex of rooth allowing nerve and vessesl to enter tooth

A

apical foramen

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35
Q

too large of teeth

A

macrodontia

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36
Q

largest cusp in maxillary first molar

A

mesiolingual cusp

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37
Q

primary tooth ereuption ages

A 
CI- 6-8 months
LI- 7-11 months
1at M- 13-19 months
K9- 16-22 months
2nd M- 25-33 months
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38
Q

tooth erupts past the occlusal plane in an attempt to meet its antagonist

A

supraerupt

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39
Q

wider crown, MI angle sharp, welll developed cingulum

A

central

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40
Q

roots of baby teeth are resorbed and baby tooth falls out

A

exfoliation

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41
Q

bi con cave disc?

A

red blood cells

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42
Q

if cleft palate is going to develop, when?

A

between 7 and 11 week

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43
Q

allows for proper deflection of food and the right amount of tissue stimulation and protects the gingial crevice

A

correct degree of curvature

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44
Q

this curvature of the tooth is greater than the distal curvature of the same tooth

A

mesial curvature

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45
Q

too few teeth

A

anodontia

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46
Q

what cell secretes mucous in resp. tract

A

pseudostratified columnar

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47
Q

condition occurs at or before birth

A

congenital

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48
Q

begins to show growth process which will be the maxillary process.. subdivided into maxillary and mandibular

A

mandibular arch

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49
Q

most commonly cong. missing teeth

A

3rd molars
2nd mand. PM
max. lateral incisor

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50
Q

anterior teeth tooth surfaces

A 
mesial
distal
lingual
facial
incisal
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51
Q

bulges out

A

convex

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52
Q

apex of root curves?

A

distally

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53
Q

heart muscle or striated involuntary muscle means it has striping similar to the skeletal muscle.. control of the heart is not under willful control of the individual but rather regulated automatically by th body

purjknes fibers act like nerves in the heart and conduct messages through the heart to help it contract or beat properly

A

cardiac muscle

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54
Q

tumorous anomaly of calcified dental tissues

A

odontoma

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55
Q

depression or concavity in the tooth

A

fossa

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56
Q

4 tooth tissues

A

enamel dentin cementum and pulp

hard- cementum, enamel and dentin
soft- pulp

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57
Q

series of interconnecting tbules in the cell that are responsible for manuafcture of various products to be in or outsdie of the cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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58
Q

each tooth is given a two dgit number, first number is quadrant, second s tooh

A 
FDI
quadrant 1-4
1-8 
Q 5-8
1-5
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59
Q

widest part of the crown of the tooth, most convex bulge of the tooth

A

crest of curvature

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60
Q

fluid medium insidee cell membrane

A

cytoplasm

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61
Q

one of the cells that sprotu or form fibers

A

fibroblasts

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62
Q

junction of cementum and enamel?

A

CEJ

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63
Q

products carried away by ducts leading from gland

A

exocrine

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64
Q

malformed lateral incisors

A

peg laterals

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65
Q

smaller than centrals, mi nore rounded, lingual pit, di more rounded

A

lateral

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66
Q

fusion of developmental lobes with bony crypts

A

coalescence

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67
Q

cells of the nervous system

A

neurons

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68
Q

found in middle of pulp

A

free pulp stones

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69
Q

nonstriated involuntary muscle, does not have stripes and cannot be willfully controlled, found in the lining digestive tract, in blood vessels, in the lungs and many other organs

A

smooth muscle

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70
Q

which tooth has stretched out “s”

A

primary mandibular first molar

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71
Q

line formed by the junction of the cementum of the root and enamel of the crown?+

A

cervical line

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72
Q

pinpoint hole within the fossa

A

pit

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73
Q

crack in enamel

A

enamel lamella

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74
Q

single layered epithelium

A

simple

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75
Q

invagination of the crown inward towards the pulpal tissues

tooth within a tooth

A

dens in dente

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76
Q

premature contact of one tooth before the other teeth occlude

A

traumatic occlusion

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77
Q

either cuboidal or rectangular, only one thick layer, lines digestive tract from stomach to anal region, main function is absorption of break down products within digestive tract, found in ducts of various glands such as =kidney, salivary pancreas and other

A

simple cuboidal or simple columnar

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78
Q

primitive oral depression

A

stomodeum

79
Q

long tube running from the dej to pulp containing an odontoblastic process

A

dentinal tuble

80
Q

lines formed by union of lobes

A

developmental grooves

81
Q

thin, freely moveable mucosa that tears or injures easily.. non keratinzed, floor of mouth, vestuble, alveolar mcusoa

A

lining mucosa

82
Q

most retruded relationship of the mandible to the maxilla when the condyles are in their most upward, backward and unstrained position in the glenoid fossa

A

bone to bone relationship

83
Q

which tooth forms a cross in the groove

A

mand. 2 molar

84
Q

changes pdl constantly goes under

A

chew, bite, floss

85
Q

general rule for max. mand. teeth?

A

mandibular teeth usually preceed maxillary

86
Q

teeth hardest to identify left and right

A

mandibular centrals

87
Q

pulp in roots of the teeth

A

root canal

88
Q

this system, each quadrant is given its own prefix symbol and then tooth number

A

palmer notation
1-8
A-E
right in L’s

89
Q

0.5% known as mast cells

A

basophilis

90
Q

stippling of attached gingiva

A

rete pegs

91
Q

1st Permanent tooth to erupt

A

molars

92
Q

meaning for tongue tied?

A

ankyloglossia

93
Q

how many cusps does mand. 1st molar have?

A

5

mb, db, d, ml, dl

94
Q

pulp composition

A 
blood vessels
lymph vessels
connective tissues
nerve tissues
odontoblasts
95
Q

which tooth has short roots usually fused?

A

mand. 3 molar

96
Q

known as striated voluntary muscle.. refers to striped appearance of muscle fibers under a microscope. voluntary means that the contractions or shortening of the muscles is under the willful control of person or aniamal

A

skeletal muscle

97
Q

MOVEMENT OF TEETH INTO THE ORAL CAVITY?

A

eruption

98
Q

supporting tissue adjacent to the teeth

A

periodontium

free, attached gingiva
alveolar mucosa
PDL
bone

all are essential for support and Anchorage of teeth

99
Q

terminal end of root

A

apex

100
Q

forms bulk of the cervical 1/3 of lingual surface on canines

A

cingulum

101
Q

which tooth has roots widely spread?

A

max 1 molar

102
Q

what is the hardest tissue in the body?

A

enamel

103
Q

2 divisions of periodontium

A

gingival - free attached gingiva, alveolar mucosa

attachment unit- cementum, bone, PDL

104
Q

separation between median nasal process and maxillary process

A

cleft lip (6th embryonic week)

105
Q

the most common tiype probably originate from dead cells with concentric layers of calcium phosphate around them

A

flase stones

106
Q

mound of crown on occusal surface of tooth

A

cusp

107
Q

when do primary teeth begin to calcify?

A

4-5 month fetal life

108
Q

early features of face beginto develop in embryonic age of ?

A

3 weeks

109
Q

main ridges on each cusp, tip to center

A

triangular ridge

110
Q

what do the curvatures in teeth aide in?

A

prevent disease, damage, bacterial invasion and calculus

displaces occlusal trauma and biting forces

protects the gingiva and periodontium

111
Q

greater curvature on anterior teeth than posterior.. anterior teeth are narrower labiolingually, posterior are wider bucolingually

A

curvature of CEJ

112
Q

growth centers for tooth.. usually four

A

developmental lobes

113
Q

junction of dentin and enamel?

A

DEJ

114
Q

which premolar is most likely to have 2 roots

A

max 1st pm

115
Q

void created after interdental papilla recedes back

A

cervical embrassure

116
Q

too small of teeth

A

microdontia

117
Q

this covers the root, provides attachment of the tooth to the alveolar bone

A

cementum

118
Q

forms the incisal edges of anterior teeth when the developmental lobes fuse

A

mamelons

119
Q

this is thicker at the cusps and occlusal surfaces and thinner at the cervical margin

A

enamel

120
Q

what tooth has the mesial groove starting just below contact

A

max 1 pm

121
Q

mechanical wear

A

abrasion

122
Q

forces that exert pressure on teeth

A 
active eruption
mesial drift
mast. occlusal surfaces
orthodontic corrective forces
traumatic occlusion forces
123
Q

which tooth can have a bifurcated root

A

mandibular canines

124
Q

small clumps of teeth that have the ability to form tooth tissues

A

tooth germ

125
Q

the mesiolingual deveopmental groove identifies which tooth?

A

mand. 1st PM

126
Q

cellular part of blood divdeed into?

A

white, red, platelets

127
Q

composition of dentin

A

70% hydrozyapatite

128
Q

first perm. tooth to erupt

A

mand first molar

129
Q

lingual lobe of anterior tooth

A

cingulum

130
Q

hereditary dentinal deveolpmental abnormality

A

dentinogensis imperfecta

131
Q

deep cracks or openings on tooth surfaces that may lead to caries

A

pits and fissures

132
Q

this is the main portion of the tooth, yellowish in color

A

dentin

133
Q

thin layer of alveolar bone seen radiographically

A

lamina dura

134
Q

maintains oral structures in their most manually protective harmony

A

preventive dentistry

135
Q

the portion of the jaw that supports the teeth

A

alveolar process

136
Q

cells that produce cementum

A

cementoblasts

137
Q

posterior tooth types

A

premolars - 2 cusps, bicuspid

molars- 4 or more cusps, chewing or grinding

138
Q

union of 2 ridges that cross occlusal surfaces of a posterior tooth

A

transverse ridge

139
Q

osteoclastic cells destroy roots of primary tooth

A

resportion

140
Q

denintal tubles that are empty because of death of odontoblasts that orginally occupied them

A

dead tracts

141
Q

condition attributed of inherited tendency

A

familial tendency

142
Q

molars are in class 2 with max. centeral incisors in their normal protruded relationship

A

class 2 divison 1

143
Q

form of hypercementosis associated with localized bone destruction

A

cementoma

144
Q

functions of PDL attachment unit

A

support, nutrition, formative, snesory

145
Q

part if the crown that is seen above the gingival margin

A

clinical crown

146
Q

trauma to dentin?

A

occlusal-when one tooth or part of tooth is subjected to more stress than another
mechanical- usually from cavity prep int tooh
chemical-brought by aciss produced by bactiera that cause caries

147
Q

cell body, axon and dendrite

A

three parts of neuron

148
Q

what can calcification of teeth be interupted by?

A 
fever
metabolic dysfunction
childhood or nutrtional
disease
physical illness
trauma
149
Q

normal occlusal wear

A

attrition

150
Q

1-4% combat allergic reactions and imflammatory reactions

A

eosinphillis

151
Q

single cusp, d curve root, cingulum

A

canine

152
Q

most common type of epithelium

A

stratiifed squamous

153
Q

functions of the pulp

A

nourishing, sensory

154
Q

what are the embrylogic stages of development?

A

fertilization thru 2 weeks is the period of the ovum

weeks 3 thru 8 is period of embryo

weeks 9-36 period of fetus

155
Q

where is the cusp of carabelli located?

A

mesial lingual cusp (max 1St only)

156
Q

dips down

A

concave

157
Q

means flat or plate like, foudn lining the lungs, blood vessels, abdominal cavity, thoracic cavity and small fluid carrying tubes.. allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between lining of lungs and capillaries of lungs

A

simple squamous epithelium

158
Q

what has genetic control over tooth shape

A

dental papilla

159
Q

how many lobes do premolars have?

A

4 lobes

2 cusps

160
Q

fusion of two teeth by cementum only

A

concrescene

161
Q

spaces between the teeth that are occlusal to the contact

allow for passage of food around teeth and not forced into contact area

A

embrasssure

162
Q

same as horn like, non keratinized, para, and keratanized

A

stratum corneum

163
Q

permanent teeth that replace primary teeth

A

succedaneous

164
Q

2 most common types of cleft lip

A

unilateral, bilateral

165
Q

single mass of dental tissue

A

complex odontoma

166
Q

bony socket in which the tooth fits into the bone

A

alveolus

167
Q

falsely layered epithelium, looks like more than one layer.. seen in respiratory tract, many small single cells called goblet cells, secretes mucous, hairlike porjections knwon as cilia, traps contaminants in air passing thru respiratoyry passages

A

pseduostratifed columnar epithelium

168
Q

4 basic tissues the body is composed of

A

epithelium
connective tissue
muscle
nervous tissue

169
Q

which tooth is LEAST likely to be missing?

A

mand. 2ND PM

170
Q

messages carried from the outer parts of body toward the brain

A

sensory (afferent)

171
Q

resposnsible for energy production and for the rate at which cell uses energy

A

mitochondria

172
Q

common form of enamel hypocalcification caused by excessive fluroride injestion.. mottled enamel

A

enamel flourosis

small white flecks to large brown spots

173
Q

intiial budding from dental lamina, 10 thickened areas in each arch..

first stage in development of enamel organ that forms enamel of teeth

A

bud stage

174
Q

50-70%, livev about 2 days function as phagocytes

A

neutrophilis

175
Q

which canine has prominent cingulum?

A

maxillary canine

176
Q

what teeth have established ther vertical height of occlusion

A

1st molars

177
Q

multiple layered epithelium

A

stratiifed

178
Q

3 varities of granulocytes

A

neutrophilis, esionphilis, basophils

179
Q

what are the three functions of the teeth?

A

cutting - incisors
grasping- k9 premolar
grinding- molars

180
Q

longest tooth in the mouth

A

canines

181
Q

several masses that resemble rudimentary teeth

A

compound odontoma

182
Q

apical to the mucogingival junction

A

alveolar mucosa

183
Q

small cusp like elevation on tooth surface

A

tubercle

184
Q

elevated portion of tooth that runs in a line

A

ridge

buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal

185
Q

changes in thickness and appearance as the need arises, multiple layers of cells nd varying in thcikness, found in urinary system

A

transitinal epithelium

186
Q

point at which 3 surfaces meet

A

point angle

ex- mesial, labial, and incisal surfaces

187
Q

anterior and posterior teeth- cervical 1/3 on the tooth

A

buccal height of contour

188
Q

what is enamel formed by?

A

ameloblasts

189
Q

maxillary 1st molar is slightly posterior to the mandibular 1st molar, the mesiobuccal cusp of the max. ist molar is in line with the buccal groove of mandibular 1st

A

class 1

190
Q

TMJ under stress causing damage to muscles or ligaments

antagonistic muscles of mastication become tire, sore, and tender

offensie tooth becomes sens. to percussion and tender upon chewing

respo. tooth may become cracked or broken

pain

A

consequences of Traumatic occlusion

191
Q

thick keratinxed mucosa desgined to withstand the trauma of mastication, hard palate and free an attachaed gingiva

A

masticatory mucosa

192
Q

these direct food off of the tooth against the gingiva at the proper angle

A

facial and lingual contours

193
Q

whose ducts are lost after the gland develops and whose products are carried faway from the gland in blood stream

A

endocrine

Dental Anatomy (5 decks)

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