Exam 6 Flashcards
(159 cards)
1
Q
supraorbital notch (foramen)
A
upper rim of orbit, nerve and blood supply to forehead
2
Q
superior pharyngeal constrictor
A
contraction constricts upper pharynx and forces food or contents down pharynx
3
Q
what is the name of the fluid that secretes TMJ for lubrication?
A
synovial
4
Q
palatoglossal
A
contraction pulls sides of the tongue up and back, pulls soft palate down, narrows space btween right and left facial pillars
verticle folds of tissue in front and back of tonils
5
Q
hypophyseal fossa
A
houses pitutary gland
6
Q
all nerves of facial expression muscles from what cranial nerve?
A
VII (facial)
7
Q
sternohyoid
A
upper border of sternum
8
Q
what two areas is the TMJ articulated between?
A
between the temporal bone and the mandible
9
Q
posterior cranial fossa
A
houses brain stem, and cerebellum
10
Q
submandibular fossae
A
depression BELOW mylohyoid line (submandiublar gland)
11
Q
infraorbital foramen
A
arteries and nerves to the upper lip, lower eyelid and side of nose (hardest injection)
12
Q
what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
A
V3 mand. branch of trigeminal
13
Q
what is the TMJ referred to as?
A
hinge and sliding joint with two movements, rotational and grinding
14
Q
what is the muscle of mastication that insets into coronoid process and elevates mandible?
A
temporal muscle
15
Q
where does most of the growth of the maxillae take place?
A
maxillary tuberosity
16
Q
what are the grinding sounds of TMJ?
A
adhesions in synovial cavities, arthritis, disc perforations
17
Q
retromolar triangle
A
area immediately behind third molars
18
Q
muscles of the eye
A
orbicularis occuli
levator palebri superiosis
corrugator
procerus
19
Q
what is the horse shoe shaped bone suspended beneath the mandible?
A
hyoid bone
20
Q
nasal septum
A
midline partition of nasal cavity
formed by vomer bone and part of ethmoid bone
21
Q
movements of jaw and larynx
A
protrustion retrusion lateral excursion elevation depression
22
Q
levator palpebri superioris
A
raises eyelid
23
Q
choana
A
region at posterior end of nasal septum where it opens into nasopharynx
24
Q
10 muscles of mouth
A
orbicularis oris
levator labii superioris
zygomaticus minor
zygomaticus major
levator anguli oris
depressor labii inferioris
depressor anguli oris
mentalis
buccinator
risorius
25
risorius
aids in smiling but poorly developed
26
bruxism
grinding of teeth, mostly occurs at night
arthritis is possible
27
middle meatus
hiatus semilunaris (half moon shaped opening)
28
orbicularis oris
circles oral cavity in lip
closes and compresses lips
29
anterior cranial fossa
houses frontal lobe of the brain
30
4 types of infrahyoids
omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
31
what are the wavelike constrictions of digestive tube
peristaltic contractions
32
lamboid suture
formed by parietal and occipital bones
33
foramen rotundum
branch of V2 maxilla
34
omohyoid
2 bellies separated by an intermedaite tendon
from scapula and hyoid
crosses under sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
35
ethmoid sinuses
AKA ethmoid air cells
anterior, middle, posterior (infection gives a feeling of congestion and aching within nasal cavity)
36
what is a long tubelike opening thru the bone?
canal
37
retrusion
temporal and digastrics
38
muscles of pharynx
elevators/ dilators are two types
superior pharyngeal constrictor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
39
coronal suture
formed between frontal and parietal bones
40
foramen ovale
branch of V3 mandible
41
subluxation
dislocation of mandible
manual manipulation back into place
42
this muscle pulls mouth angles up and toward midline
levator anguli oris
43
palatopharyngeal
contraction elevates pharynx
44
viscerocranium
bones of the face (14)
```
mandible (1)
vomer (1)
nasal bones (2)
lacrimal (2)
zygomatic (2)
inferior nasal concha (2)
palative (2)
maxilla (2)
```
45
tensor veli palatini
opens audiotry tube when closed
46
what are fibers that penetrate tmj capsule into a disc?
superior head, lateral pterygoid muscle
47
sternocleidomastoid muscle
area referred to pain
palpate to check for enlarged lymph nodes
from mastoid process to sternum and clavicle
tilting and rotating of head
innervated by CN 11
48
levator veli palatini
elevates posterior end of soft palate
49
lateral pterygoid plate
lateral pterygoid muscle arises
maxillary process- frontal, zygomatic, alveolar process, horizontal palatine
50
what is an attachment for the sphenomandibular ligament?
lingula
51
degulution
mastication/swalloing
52
digastrics
contracting, backward pull on mandible (retrudes)
2 nerves supply-
anterior V3
posterior V2
53
lateral pterygoid muscle
superior head- fibers penetrate tmj capsule into disc
inferior head- fibers insert into neck of condyle and protruces and depresses mandible
54
muscles of the neck
platysma- from inferior border of mandible down to clavicle, moves the skin over the neck
55
middle cranial fossa
houses temporal lobe of brain
56
canine eminence
ridge of bone over maxillary canine
57
geniohyoid
from genial tubercle to hyoid
depresses mandbile and elevates hyoid
1st cervical nerve
lingual artery blood supply
58
what is referred pain of the TMJ?
sensory messages apparently from TMJ are actually traveling to the brain from other regions
59
maxillary tuberosity
buldge of bone posterior to the 3rd molars, much of growth of the maxilla takes place
60
superior meatus
smallest meatus
61
what is a short, tubelike opening thru the bone?
foramen
62
sphenooccipital synchondrosis
major area of endochondral bone formation, develops facial profiles and malocclusions
63
projection of bone partially covering mandibular foramen
lingula
64
meatus
located under nasal conchae
| inferior, superior, middle
65
action
work that is accomplished when muscle fibers contract
66
corrugator
from bridge of nose to lateral eyebrow
67
origin
end of muscle that is attached to the least moveable structure
68
Neurocranium
bones surrounding the brain (8)
```
frontal (1)
sphenoid (1)
ethmoid(1)
occipital(1)
temporal(2)
parietal (2)
```
69
what muscle moves skin over neck?
platysma
70
what are the muscles of mastication responsible for?
elevating, protruding, retruding, lateral movements (side to side)
71
inferior meatus
opening of nasolacrimal duct
72
what is a fibrous pad of dense collagen tissue that sits between the condyle head and the anterior glenoid fossa?
articular disc
thickest in posterior-posterior band
thinner in middle-intermediate zone
thicker in anterior-anterior band
73
glenoid fossa
part of temporal bone where condyle articulates (part of TMJ)
74
mandibular foramen
(lingual surface)
| nerve/blood supply enters here
75
this pulls down the lower lip
depressor labii inferioris
76
lacrimal groove
from inner croner of eye to maxillary sinus (where tears flow into the nose)
77
thyrohyoid
from thyroid cartliage to hyoid bone
78
carotid canal
opening for internal carotid artery
79
insertion
other end of the muscle that is attached to the moveable structure
80
dilaceration
curvature associated with the tooth root
81
ala
protruding lateral margins (forming wing-sides of nose)
| nasal aperature is pear shaped
82
bolus of food
ball of food shaped by teeth, cheeks, tongue
83
what are the four muscles of mastication?
masseter, temporal, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid
84
goblet cells
secrete mucous substance that traps contaminants as they enter the nasal cavity
85
what prevents the condyle from being displaced?
temporomandibular ligament
86
What surrounds the brain and protects from injury, forms facial features, and participates in the growth process of the jaws?
The bones of the skull
87
3 components of pharynx
nasal-posterior end of nasal cavity
oral-back throat wall
laryngeal-below tongue where digestive/resp. system branch
88
muscles of the scalp
occipitofrontalis (epicranius)
foward and backward movement of scalp
CN 7
89
depression
lateral pterygoid and hyoids
90
canine fossae
depression in bone above canine eminence
91
crista galli
attachment for the layers covering the brain
92
mental foramen
located on the mandible, mental nerve and vessels pass to chin, lower lip and labial gingiva of anterior mandible (easiest injection)
93
procerus
from bridge of nose to medial eyebrow (frowning)
94
what is the muscle for smiling
zygomaticus major
95
paranasal sinuses
ethmoid (2)
frontal (2)
maxillary (2)
sphenoid (2)
96
middle pharyngeal constrictor
contraction constricts pharyngeal opening and foces food toward esophagus
97
mandible parts
alveolar process, ramus, body, angle of mandible, dividing line between body and ramus
98
what is the function of sinuses?
to lighten the overall bone weight by being hollowed out cavities
99
what is the mentalis
pulls skin up toward the incisors in mandible
100
stylomastoid foramen
VII exits to muscles of facial expression
small foramen between mastoid and styloid process
101
mylohyoid
floor of the mouth
from the mylohyoid line of the mandible to hyoid bone
v3 innervation
inferior alveolar artery blood supply
102
this is the passageway for the olfactory nerve or nerves of smell from the nasal cavity to the brain...
cribriform plate
103
nasal conchae
located on lateral walls of cavity
superior
middle
inferior
104
what are the 4 types of suprahyoids?
digastrics, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid
105
anterior nasal spine
radiographic landmark for cephalometric films (ortho)
106
hamulus
movements of anterior soft palate
107
optic foramen
opening in orbit where optic nerve enters in
108
orbit
eye cavity
109
orbicularis oculi
circles the eye
orbital part-around the eye
palebratal part-eye lid
110
where does the rim of the orbit come from?
frontal, zygomatic, and maxillary bones
111
lingula
projection of bone partially covering mandibular foramen
| attachment for sphenomandibular ligament
112
what is the most important muscle in mastication
buccanator
origniates from pterygomandibular raphe
aids in mastication
musculature of cheek
113
Styloid process
projection behind ear, attachment for muscle and ligaments
114
elevation
medial pterygoid, masseter, temporal
115
sublingual foasse
depression ABOVE mylohyoid line (sublingual gland)
116
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
contraction continues to force food down to esophagus and onto the stomach
117
foramen magnum
large opening toward posterior of skull on inferior view (spinal cord exits)
118
protrusion
lateral pterygoid muscles
119
muscles of nose
naslis-opens and closes the nostrils
dilator naris- flares nostrils
compressor naris-closes nostrils
120
respiratory epithelium
pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells (found in respiratory tract)
121
sternothyroid
upper part of sternum to thyroid cartliage
122
How many bones and groups are in the skull?
22 bones
2 groups (neurocranium, viscerocranium)
123
this is the area posterior to the disc, the tissues are present and loose connective tissue and nerves and blood supply?
retrodiscal pad
124
depressor anguli oris
pulls corner of lip down-pouting
125
maxillary sinuses
largest paranasal sinuses (infections gives feeling of clogged up head, and can cause teeth to hurt)
126
mastoid process
projection of temporal behind external auditory meatus (insertion pooint for sternocleidomastoid muscle -SCM)
127
foramen spinosum
middle meningeal artery (blood supply to the covering of the brain)
128
what is the hard palate formed by?
palatal process of maxilla and the palatal process of palatine bone
129
zygomatic arch
projects from temporal joints with zygoma
130
maxillary sinuses
largest paransal sinuses (infection affects teeth and vice versa)
131
what is the most difficult view of the skull for a student?
inferior
132
mental protuberance
tip of the chin
133
what is a shallow depression in the tooth?
fossa
134
causes of subluxation
depth of glenoid fossa
height of articular eminence
position of capsule around joint
135
this elevates the lip but poorly developed
zygomaticus minor
136
what is the most powerful muscle of mastication?
masseter muscle, also elevates
137
periapical
means the area associated with the apical portion of the root of the tooth
138
lateral excursion
lateral pterygoid (side to side)
(L) pterygoid contracts, mandible goes to the right
(R) pterygoid contracts, mandible goes to the left
139
frontal sinuses
located in frontal bone above orbit (infections cause pressure and pain above eyes)
140
squamosal suture
squamous portion of temporal and pariteal bones (overlapping suture)
141
what elevates the upper lip
levator labii superioris
142
genial tubercles
(midline lingual)
muscle attachment
(bulls eye on xray)
143
nose
portion of the nasal complex that protrudes outward from the skeletal component
144
mylohyoid line
(lingual surface)
| attachment for mylohyoid muscle
145
medial pterygoid plate
medial pterygoid muscle arises
146
muscles of soft palate
palatoglossal
palatopharyngeal
muscle of uvula
leavtor veli palatini
tensor veli palatini
147
muscle of uvula
contraction shortens, broadens uvula
148
hiatus
opening into nasal cavity from maxillary sinus
149
ramus parts
condyle
condylar neck
coronoid notch
-depression in ramus
coronid process
external oblique line (ridge)
150
trapezius muscle
from external occipital protuberance and spinous process of cervial and thoracic vertebrae-scapula and clavicle
adducts/elevates scapula (adduct-move towards midline)
triangular in shape
151
what muscle elevates the mandible and closes the mouth?
medial pterygoid muscle
152
sagital suture
formed between parietal bones (midline of skull)
153
sphenoid sinuses
body of sphenoid just under pituitary fossa (infections cause pressure and congested feeling that is hard to localize but its deep in the head)
154
what muscles can you refer pain to the TMJ?
muscles of mastication
155
stylohyoid
styloid process to hyoid
hyoid bone backward and upward
cranial nerve V 2
facial/occipital arteries
156
what is another name for ethmoid sinus?
ethmoid air cells
157
what are the popping and clicking sounds of TMJ?
disc displacement
158
pterygopalatine fossa
major nerve/blood vessels to oral/nasal cavity branch (between maxilla and pterygoid process)
159
what is the joining of 2 or more bones?
suture
