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Dental Anatomy > Exam 6 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

supraorbital notch (foramen)

A

upper rim of orbit, nerve and blood supply to forehead

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2
Q

superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

contraction constricts upper pharynx and forces food or contents down pharynx

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3
Q

what is the name of the fluid that secretes TMJ for lubrication?

A

synovial

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4
Q

palatoglossal

A

contraction pulls sides of the tongue up and back, pulls soft palate down, narrows space btween right and left facial pillars

verticle folds of tissue in front and back of tonils

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5
Q

hypophyseal fossa

A

houses pitutary gland

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6
Q

all nerves of facial expression muscles from what cranial nerve?

A

VII (facial)

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7
Q

sternohyoid

A

upper border of sternum

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8
Q

what two areas is the TMJ articulated between?

A

between the temporal bone and the mandible

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9
Q

posterior cranial fossa

A

houses brain stem, and cerebellum

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10
Q

submandibular fossae

A

depression BELOW mylohyoid line (submandiublar gland)

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11
Q

infraorbital foramen

A

arteries and nerves to the upper lip, lower eyelid and side of nose (hardest injection)

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12
Q

what nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

V3 mand. branch of trigeminal

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13
Q

what is the TMJ referred to as?

A

hinge and sliding joint with two movements, rotational and grinding

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14
Q

what is the muscle of mastication that insets into coronoid process and elevates mandible?

A

temporal muscle

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15
Q

where does most of the growth of the maxillae take place?

A

maxillary tuberosity

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16
Q

what are the grinding sounds of TMJ?

A

adhesions in synovial cavities, arthritis, disc perforations

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17
Q

retromolar triangle

A

area immediately behind third molars

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18
Q

muscles of the eye

A

orbicularis occuli

levator palebri superiosis

corrugator

procerus

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19
Q

what is the horse shoe shaped bone suspended beneath the mandible?

A

hyoid bone

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20
Q

nasal septum

A

midline partition of nasal cavity

formed by vomer bone and part of ethmoid bone

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21
Q

movements of jaw and larynx

A 
protrustion
retrusion
lateral excursion
elevation
depression
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22
Q

levator palpebri superioris

A

raises eyelid

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23
Q

choana

A

region at posterior end of nasal septum where it opens into nasopharynx

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24
Q

10 muscles of mouth

A

orbicularis oris

levator labii superioris

zygomaticus minor

zygomaticus major

levator anguli oris

depressor labii inferioris

depressor anguli oris

mentalis

buccinator

risorius

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25
Q

risorius

A

aids in smiling but poorly developed

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26
Q

bruxism

A

grinding of teeth, mostly occurs at night

arthritis is possible

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27
Q

middle meatus

A

hiatus semilunaris (half moon shaped opening)

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28
Q

orbicularis oris

A

circles oral cavity in lip

closes and compresses lips

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29
Q

anterior cranial fossa

A

houses frontal lobe of the brain

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30
Q

4 types of infrahyoids

A

omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

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31
Q

what are the wavelike constrictions of digestive tube

A

peristaltic contractions

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32
Q

lamboid suture

A

formed by parietal and occipital bones

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33
Q

foramen rotundum

A

branch of V2 maxilla

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34
Q

omohyoid

A

2 bellies separated by an intermedaite tendon

from scapula and hyoid

crosses under sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

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35
Q

ethmoid sinuses

A

AKA ethmoid air cells

anterior, middle, posterior (infection gives a feeling of congestion and aching within nasal cavity)

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36
Q

what is a long tubelike opening thru the bone?

A

canal

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37
Q

retrusion

A

temporal and digastrics

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38
Q

muscles of pharynx

A

elevators/ dilators are two types

superior pharyngeal constrictor

middle pharyngeal constrictor

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

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39
Q

coronal suture

A

formed between frontal and parietal bones

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40
Q

foramen ovale

A

branch of V3 mandible

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41
Q

subluxation

A

dislocation of mandible

manual manipulation back into place

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42
Q

this muscle pulls mouth angles up and toward midline

A

levator anguli oris

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43
Q

palatopharyngeal

A

contraction elevates pharynx

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44
Q

viscerocranium

A

bones of the face (14)

mandible (1)
vomer (1)
nasal bones (2)
lacrimal (2)
zygomatic (2)
inferior nasal concha (2)
palative (2)
maxilla (2)
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45
Q

tensor veli palatini

A

opens audiotry tube when closed

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46
Q

what are fibers that penetrate tmj capsule into a disc?

A

superior head, lateral pterygoid muscle

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47
Q

sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

area referred to pain

palpate to check for enlarged lymph nodes

from mastoid process to sternum and clavicle

tilting and rotating of head

innervated by CN 11

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48
Q

levator veli palatini

A

elevates posterior end of soft palate

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49
Q

lateral pterygoid plate

A

lateral pterygoid muscle arises

maxillary process- frontal, zygomatic, alveolar process, horizontal palatine

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50
Q

what is an attachment for the sphenomandibular ligament?

A

lingula

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51
Q

degulution

A

mastication/swalloing

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52
Q

digastrics

A

contracting, backward pull on mandible (retrudes)

2 nerves supply-
anterior V3
posterior V2

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53
Q

lateral pterygoid muscle

A

superior head- fibers penetrate tmj capsule into disc

inferior head- fibers insert into neck of condyle and protruces and depresses mandible

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54
Q

muscles of the neck

A

platysma- from inferior border of mandible down to clavicle, moves the skin over the neck

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55
Q

middle cranial fossa

A

houses temporal lobe of brain

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56
Q

canine eminence

A

ridge of bone over maxillary canine

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57
Q

geniohyoid

A

from genial tubercle to hyoid

depresses mandbile and elevates hyoid

1st cervical nerve

lingual artery blood supply

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58
Q

what is referred pain of the TMJ?

A

sensory messages apparently from TMJ are actually traveling to the brain from other regions

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59
Q

maxillary tuberosity

A

buldge of bone posterior to the 3rd molars, much of growth of the maxilla takes place

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60
Q

superior meatus

A

smallest meatus

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61
Q

what is a short, tubelike opening thru the bone?

A

foramen

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62
Q

sphenooccipital synchondrosis

A

major area of endochondral bone formation, develops facial profiles and malocclusions

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63
Q

projection of bone partially covering mandibular foramen

A

lingula

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64
Q

meatus

A

located under nasal conchae

inferior, superior, middle

65
Q

action

A

work that is accomplished when muscle fibers contract

66
Q

corrugator

A

from bridge of nose to lateral eyebrow

67
Q

origin

A

end of muscle that is attached to the least moveable structure

68
Q

Neurocranium

A

bones surrounding the brain (8)

frontal (1)
sphenoid (1)
ethmoid(1)
occipital(1)
temporal(2)
parietal (2)
69
Q

what muscle moves skin over neck?

A

platysma

70
Q

what are the muscles of mastication responsible for?

A

elevating, protruding, retruding, lateral movements (side to side)

71
Q

inferior meatus

A

opening of nasolacrimal duct

72
Q

what is a fibrous pad of dense collagen tissue that sits between the condyle head and the anterior glenoid fossa?

A

articular disc

thickest in posterior-posterior band
thinner in middle-intermediate zone
thicker in anterior-anterior band

73
Q

glenoid fossa

A

part of temporal bone where condyle articulates (part of TMJ)

74
Q

mandibular foramen

A

(lingual surface)

nerve/blood supply enters here

75
Q

this pulls down the lower lip

A

depressor labii inferioris

76
Q

lacrimal groove

A

from inner croner of eye to maxillary sinus (where tears flow into the nose)

77
Q

thyrohyoid

A

from thyroid cartliage to hyoid bone

78
Q

carotid canal

A

opening for internal carotid artery

79
Q

insertion

A

other end of the muscle that is attached to the moveable structure

80
Q

dilaceration

A

curvature associated with the tooth root

81
Q

ala

A

protruding lateral margins (forming wing-sides of nose)

nasal aperature is pear shaped

82
Q

bolus of food

A

ball of food shaped by teeth, cheeks, tongue

83
Q

what are the four muscles of mastication?

A

masseter, temporal, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

84
Q

goblet cells

A

secrete mucous substance that traps contaminants as they enter the nasal cavity

85
Q

what prevents the condyle from being displaced?

A

temporomandibular ligament

86
Q

What surrounds the brain and protects from injury, forms facial features, and participates in the growth process of the jaws?

A

The bones of the skull

87
Q

3 components of pharynx

A

nasal-posterior end of nasal cavity
oral-back throat wall
laryngeal-below tongue where digestive/resp. system branch

88
Q

muscles of the scalp

A

occipitofrontalis (epicranius)

foward and backward movement of scalp

CN 7

89
Q

depression

A

lateral pterygoid and hyoids

90
Q

canine fossae

A

depression in bone above canine eminence

91
Q

crista galli

A

attachment for the layers covering the brain

92
Q

mental foramen

A

located on the mandible, mental nerve and vessels pass to chin, lower lip and labial gingiva of anterior mandible (easiest injection)

93
Q

procerus

A

from bridge of nose to medial eyebrow (frowning)

94
Q

what is the muscle for smiling

A

zygomaticus major

95
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

ethmoid (2)
frontal (2)
maxillary (2)
sphenoid (2)

96
Q

middle pharyngeal constrictor

A

contraction constricts pharyngeal opening and foces food toward esophagus

97
Q

mandible parts

A

alveolar process, ramus, body, angle of mandible, dividing line between body and ramus

98
Q

what is the function of sinuses?

A

to lighten the overall bone weight by being hollowed out cavities

99
Q

what is the mentalis

A

pulls skin up toward the incisors in mandible

100
Q

stylomastoid foramen

A

VII exits to muscles of facial expression

small foramen between mastoid and styloid process

101
Q

mylohyoid

A

floor of the mouth

from the mylohyoid line of the mandible to hyoid bone

v3 innervation

inferior alveolar artery blood supply

102
Q

this is the passageway for the olfactory nerve or nerves of smell from the nasal cavity to the brain…

A

cribriform plate

103
Q

nasal conchae

A

located on lateral walls of cavity

superior
middle
inferior

104
Q

what are the 4 types of suprahyoids?

A

digastrics, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

105
Q

anterior nasal spine

A

radiographic landmark for cephalometric films (ortho)

106
Q

hamulus

A

movements of anterior soft palate

107
Q

optic foramen

A

opening in orbit where optic nerve enters in

108
Q

orbit

A

eye cavity

109
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

circles the eye
orbital part-around the eye
palebratal part-eye lid

110
Q

where does the rim of the orbit come from?

A

frontal, zygomatic, and maxillary bones

111
Q

lingula

A

projection of bone partially covering mandibular foramen

attachment for sphenomandibular ligament

112
Q

what is the most important muscle in mastication

A

buccanator

origniates from pterygomandibular raphe
aids in mastication
musculature of cheek

113
Q

Styloid process

A

projection behind ear, attachment for muscle and ligaments

114
Q

elevation

A

medial pterygoid, masseter, temporal

115
Q

sublingual foasse

A

depression ABOVE mylohyoid line (sublingual gland)

116
Q

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

contraction continues to force food down to esophagus and onto the stomach

117
Q

foramen magnum

A

large opening toward posterior of skull on inferior view (spinal cord exits)

118
Q

protrusion

A

lateral pterygoid muscles

119
Q

muscles of nose

A

naslis-opens and closes the nostrils

dilator naris- flares nostrils

compressor naris-closes nostrils

120
Q

respiratory epithelium

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells (found in respiratory tract)

121
Q

sternothyroid

A

upper part of sternum to thyroid cartliage

122
Q

How many bones and groups are in the skull?

A

22 bones

2 groups (neurocranium, viscerocranium)

123
Q

this is the area posterior to the disc, the tissues are present and loose connective tissue and nerves and blood supply?

A

retrodiscal pad

124
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

pulls corner of lip down-pouting

125
Q

maxillary sinuses

A

largest paranasal sinuses (infections gives feeling of clogged up head, and can cause teeth to hurt)

126
Q

mastoid process

A

projection of temporal behind external auditory meatus (insertion pooint for sternocleidomastoid muscle -SCM)

127
Q

foramen spinosum

A

middle meningeal artery (blood supply to the covering of the brain)

128
Q

what is the hard palate formed by?

A

palatal process of maxilla and the palatal process of palatine bone

129
Q

zygomatic arch

A

projects from temporal joints with zygoma

130
Q

maxillary sinuses

A

largest paransal sinuses (infection affects teeth and vice versa)

131
Q

what is the most difficult view of the skull for a student?

A

inferior

132
Q

mental protuberance

A

tip of the chin

133
Q

what is a shallow depression in the tooth?

A

fossa

134
Q

causes of subluxation

A

depth of glenoid fossa
height of articular eminence
position of capsule around joint

135
Q

this elevates the lip but poorly developed

A

zygomaticus minor

136
Q

what is the most powerful muscle of mastication?

A

masseter muscle, also elevates

137
Q

periapical

A

means the area associated with the apical portion of the root of the tooth

138
Q

lateral excursion

A

lateral pterygoid (side to side)
(L) pterygoid contracts, mandible goes to the right
(R) pterygoid contracts, mandible goes to the left

139
Q

frontal sinuses

A

located in frontal bone above orbit (infections cause pressure and pain above eyes)

140
Q

squamosal suture

A

squamous portion of temporal and pariteal bones (overlapping suture)

141
Q

what elevates the upper lip

A

levator labii superioris

142
Q

genial tubercles

A

(midline lingual)
muscle attachment
(bulls eye on xray)

143
Q

nose

A

portion of the nasal complex that protrudes outward from the skeletal component

144
Q

mylohyoid line

A

(lingual surface)

attachment for mylohyoid muscle

145
Q

medial pterygoid plate

A

medial pterygoid muscle arises

146
Q

muscles of soft palate

A

palatoglossal

palatopharyngeal

muscle of uvula

leavtor veli palatini

tensor veli palatini

147
Q

muscle of uvula

A

contraction shortens, broadens uvula

148
Q

hiatus

A

opening into nasal cavity from maxillary sinus

149
Q

ramus parts

A

condyle

condylar neck

coronoid notch
-depression in ramus

coronid process

external oblique line (ridge)

150
Q

trapezius muscle

A

from external occipital protuberance and spinous process of cervial and thoracic vertebrae-scapula and clavicle

adducts/elevates scapula (adduct-move towards midline)

triangular in shape

151
Q

what muscle elevates the mandible and closes the mouth?

A

medial pterygoid muscle

152
Q

sagital suture

A

formed between parietal bones (midline of skull)

153
Q

sphenoid sinuses

A

body of sphenoid just under pituitary fossa (infections cause pressure and congested feeling that is hard to localize but its deep in the head)

154
Q

what muscles can you refer pain to the TMJ?

A

muscles of mastication

155
Q

stylohyoid

A

styloid process to hyoid

hyoid bone backward and upward

cranial nerve V 2

facial/occipital arteries

156
Q

what is another name for ethmoid sinus?

A

ethmoid air cells

157
Q

what are the popping and clicking sounds of TMJ?

A

disc displacement

158
Q

pterygopalatine fossa

A

major nerve/blood vessels to oral/nasal cavity branch (between maxilla and pterygoid process)

159
Q

what is the joining of 2 or more bones?

A

suture

Dental Anatomy (5 decks)

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