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Dental Anatomy > Exam 5 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Foliate Papillae

A

Tongues lateral surface back (posterior lateral borders of the tongue)
an area where oral cancer can begin

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2
Q

Cellular Cementum

A

More vital than acellular cementum and therefore more responsive to remodeling itself. located in apical 1/3 of the tooth

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3
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Runs from lateral sides of the hyoid bone up into the lateral borders of the tongue and pulls the lateral edges or borders of the tongue down onto the floor of the mouth

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4
Q

What is active tooth eruption?

A

Implies the emergence of a crown into the oral cavity. However, the term refers to the goal life span of the tooth from the beginning of the crown development until the tooth is lost or the individual dies

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5
Q

How do anterior permanent teeth develop to the primary teeth?

A

apically and lingually

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6
Q

Another term for swelling

A

edema

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7
Q

What happens to the tongue when the longitudinal group of fibers contract?

A

the tongue is shortened

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8
Q

2 types of cementum

A

acellular

cellular

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9
Q

When does the tongue start to develop?

A

About 4 1/2 weeks as the buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures

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10
Q

Mucosa of the soft palate

A

Can call blocking the airway during sleep causing Sleep Apnea

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11
Q

Superior Longitudinal Group

A

Runs from the front to back (anterior to posterior) and lies near the dorsum of the tongue

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12
Q

alveolodental fibers

A

Run from the cementum to the alveolar bone

alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, apical, interradicular

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13
Q

Cortical plate

A

The layer of compact bone on the buccal or lingual surface. it has normal periosteum. the bone that forms the socket for the tooth is also a compact home but does not have normal periosteum

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14
Q

What causes a thickened lamina dura?

A

Bundle bone being laid down on the cribriform plate and is an indication of of occlusal trauma to that tooth or teeth

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15
Q

Submucosa

A

Connective tissue beneath the mucosa that contains blood vessels and nerves and also helps determine the mobility of the mucosa by the length of its connective tissue ridges and pegs

not present in all areas of the mouth

tends to constrain fatty tissue, minor salivary glands or both

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16
Q

What is Alveolar bone formation and changes?

A

Alveolar bone growth, tooth development, and eruption are interdependent mechanisms

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17
Q

Alveolar Mucosa

A

runs from the gingiva to the area of the mucobuccal or mucolabial fold

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18
Q

3 categories of mucosa

A

specialized
masticatory
lining

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19
Q

Gingival Fibers

A

Run from the cementum into the free and attached gingival area and support the gingival

Circular gingival fibers run around the tooth in the free gingival and hold gingiva

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20
Q

Horizontal group

A

Runs from the cementum horizontally to the alveolar crest and helps resist horizontal movement

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21
Q

Masticatory Mucosa

A

Comprises the gingiva and hard palatal tissue; undergoes trauma or compression during mastication

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22
Q

what is supraeruption?.

A

In an opposing tooth is lost, the tooth may continue to erupt. This can cause serious problems in the replacement of the missing tooth because it makes it difficult to establish the normal occlusal plane

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23
Q

Pharyngeal arches

A

The first pharyngeal arch is the mandibular arch, the second is the Hyoid arch and the remainder are III, IV, and VI (V disappears)

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24
Q

What are the three stages of tooth eruption?

A

Pre-eruptive stage
Eruptive stage or pre functional eruptive stage
Post Eruptive stage

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25
Q

What are sharpey’s fibers?

A

Parts of the PDL embedded in cementum on tooth side and alveolar bone on the opposite side in the wall of the socket

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26
Q

Styloglossus

A

Runs from the styloid process down and foward into the lateral borders of the tongue and blends with the hyoglossus. it pulls the tongue backward and slightly up

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27
Q

Cribriform or alveolar bone

A

Radiographically referred to as lamina dura
the tooth socket is constantly being remodeled and additional bone, called bundle bone, laid down on the cribriform plane

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28
Q

Apical Group

A

Runs from the apex of the tooth into the adjacent alveolar bone. this resists forces trying to pull the tooth from its socket

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29
Q

Serous Acini

A

Serous secretion is a thinner, more watery substance

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30
Q

Spatial movement of the pre eruptive stage?

A

The crown develops while the bottom of the socket fills in with bone, pushing the crown toward the surface

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31
Q

What kind of muscle is the tongue generally referred to as?

A

Skeletal or voluntary striated

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32
Q

Vertical group

A

Runs from top to bottom (dorsal to ventral)

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33
Q

Specialized Mucosa

A

Mucosa on the upper surface or dorsum of the tongue

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34
Q

Mucocele

A

Blisterlike lesion that is from Trauma to a minor salivary gland

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35
Q

What is root elongation?

A

Increase in root length, or root elongation, forces the tooth into the oral cavity

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36
Q

When is cementum first seen?

A

at the cervical line of the tooth, also known as the CEJ

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37
Q

Circumvallate or vallate papillae

A

V shaped row of circular raised papillae. There are about 13 elevations located about two thirds of the way back on the tongue with the point of the V facing backward

Ex- Taste buds, salty, sweet, sour, bitter

38
Q

tooth eruption is -

A

multifactorial

39
Q

Col

A

Part of the interdental papilla that is apical to the contact area that connects the facial and lingual interdental papilla
this is a very shallow groove or sulcus around the tooth

40
Q

Post eruptive stage

A

Begins when the teeth come into occlusion and continues until they are lost or death occurs

41
Q

If you contract the group that runs transverse, what happens to the tongue?

A

it may get a little thicker and longer

42
Q

Amylase

A

Carbohydrate splitting enzyme that begins to break down starches into long chain sugars

43
Q

Intrinsic

A

start and end wholly within the tongue.

4 groups:
Superior longitudinal
Inferior Longitudinal
Transverse 
Vertical
44
Q

free gingival groove

A

the extent of the free gingiva is usually readily seen because there may be a shallow groove on the gingival surface that corresponds to its depth

45
Q

Transseptal Fibers

A

Run from the cementum to the interproximal portion of one tooth, across the alveolar crest of bone to the cementum of the interproximal portion of the adjacent tooth
this hold the teeth in interproximal contact

46
Q

What arches does the tongue develop from?

A

The anterior two thirds of the tongue develop from two lateral lingual dwellings and a midline tuberculin impar from the first arch.

Posterior one third of the tongue develops from the copula and the third arch

The root of the tongue and epiglottis develop from the epiglottal swelling of the fourth arch

47
Q

Mucous Acini

A

Mucous Secretion is slightly viscous because of the production of several mucins

48
Q

Seromucous Acini

A

Produce both mucous and serous secretions

49
Q

What are the 2 regions the gingiva is divided into?

A

Free (marginal)
attached
These two regions combine to form the peak of gingiva that is the interdental papilla

50
Q

Inferior Longitudinal Group

A

Runs anterior to posterior but lies near the bottom or ventrum of the tongue

51
Q

Ankylosis

A

a condition which the alveolar crest of the bone fuses in the cervical area with cementum of a resorbing root

52
Q

What is the color of healthy gingiva?

A

Pink

but in a diseased state it might become reddish, white or have ulcerations or outgrowths of the mucosa

53
Q

Excentric or off center growth

A

the crown of a tooth does not grow in a perfectly symmetrical pattern. The center of the tooth is shifting

54
Q

Lining mucosa is made up of :

A 
Alveolar mucosa
buccal mucosa
libial mucosa
col
gingival sulcus
mucosa of soft palate
sublingual gingiva and clventral surface of tongue
55
Q

Transverse group

A

Runs from Side to side

56
Q

interaddicular group

A

found only on multi rooted teeth. this runs from the alveolar crest of the. one between the roots of the tooth to adjacent cementum. resists the forces trying to remove the tooth

57
Q

If you contract the vertical group, the tongue may…

A

get wider and longer

58
Q

what is the role of the tooth itself?

A

it plays little if any role in eruption. because of developing teeth have been surgically removed and replaced by metal or silicone implants into the dental sac and these implants have erupted

59
Q

Buccal Mucosa

A

The mucosa of the cheek is constantly traumatized by chewing. it will become thickened and keratinized in a line corresponding to the occlusal surfaces of the teeth (linea alba)

60
Q

What happens in the pre eruptive stage?

A

This begins as the crown starts to develop

Eruptive movement associated with this varies as spatial or excentric

61
Q

Interdental papilla

A

Two regions combine to form the peak of the gingiva that extends coronally between the teeth
It’s function is to prevent food from impacting interproximally beneath the contact area of the teeth

62
Q

What are the 4 theories of the causes of tooth eruption?

A

Root elongation
Alveolar bone formation and changes
vascular pressure in dental tissues
the role of the tooth itself

63
Q

Libial Mucosa

A

Trauma to mucosa of the lip may cause some thickening as in the cheek, but more frequently will cause trauma to minor salivary gland and cause a blisterlike lesion known as mucocele

64
Q

Eruptive stage or pre-functional eruptive stage

A

Begins with the development of the root
the tooth breaks through the mucosal layer and emerges into oral cavity
this stage continues until erupting of teeth meet opposing teeth
tends to be occlusal, and facial more in anterior than posteriors

65
Q

Spongy or cancellous bone

A

Between the cortical plate and the cribriform
this is a bone marrow
a radiograph will only show the cribriform plate, the spongy bone and the crest of the bone that joins two sockets is called the interproximal alveolar crest of bone

66
Q

genioglossus

A

originates from the genial tubercles on the midline of the mandible and inserts into the midline of the tongue from the tip to the base. it aids in protrusion or depression of the tongue

67
Q

Where does Secretory control come from?

A

Autonomic nervous system, particularly the parasympathetic nervous system and is tied to chewing, taste and smell

68
Q

palatoglossus

A

runs from the anterior soft palate down and slightly foward into the lateral borders of the tongue. it elevates the posterior part of the tongue and pulls it slightly backward

69
Q

What is cementum?

A

Cementum is a hard, yellowish substance covering the root of the tooth.
45-50% inorganic hydroxyapatite
50-55% organic components and water

70
Q

Acini

A

Secretory end pieces

2 types- mucous and serous

71
Q

Hairy tongue

A

Sometimes between the epithelial on the filiform papillae, it grows very long and traps between food and pigments originating oral bacateria and food.

72
Q

xerostomia

A

“dry mouth”

if there is not enough body fluids, saliva production will be decreased and the mouth will become dry and a stimulus to drink more water.

73
Q

what are the several ways the post eruptive stage functions?

A
  1. the mandible continues to grow and increase the space between the maxilla and mandible and the teeth continue to result to maintain balance in the arches
  2. the teeth wear oclusally because of prolonged masticatory stress and wear, they will continue to erupt to maintain tooth contact
  3. there is slight interproximal wear, there will be a sligh mesial eruptive force that keeps the teeth in contact
  4. if an opposing tooth is lost, the tooth may continue to erupt which is called supraeruption and can cause serious problems
74
Q

Papillae

A 
the tongue is covered with stratified squamous epithelium 
4 types are-
circumvallate or vallate papilla
fungiform papillae
filiform papillae
foliate papilla
75
Q

Extrinsic muscles

A

Four pairs of muscles - left and right

  1. Hyoglossus
  2. Styloglossus
  3. Palatoglossus
  4. genioglossus
76
Q

Acellular cementum

A

All of the cementoblasts remain on surface rather than becoming trapped within the cementum

77
Q

When does root formation begin?

A

it begins after the outline of the crown has been established but before the full crown is calcified.
The layers of OEE and IEE make up the epithelial root sheath and begin to undergo rapid mitotic division and grow deep into the underlying connective tissue

78
Q

Lining mucosa

A

All other areas of mucosa
nonkeratinized to parakeratnized and is moveable
includes the mucosa of cheeks, lips and soft palate, floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, undersurface or ventral surface of the tongue and alveolar mucosa

79
Q

Filiform Papillae

A

Remainder of the anterior two thirds of the tongue. It is covered with tiny pointed projections of parakaratinized to kerratinized epithelium.
Forms hairy tongue
Epithelia of these papillae are lost and surface in that area becomes very smooth- referred to as glottis

80
Q

Alveolar Crest Group

A

Runs from the cementum, slightly apocal to the alveolar crest of bone. This helps resist horizontal movements of the teeth

81
Q

hypercementosis

A

the cellular cementum at the apex of the root tends to increase in thickness with the passage of time and as a result causing stress thickening
this might make extraction more difficult

82
Q

What are the two groups of the tongue muscle?

A

Intrinsic and Extrinsic

83
Q

attached gingiva

A

tightly attached to the underlying connective tissue and bone

84
Q

What fibers are found on multirooted teeth?

A

Alveolodental Fibers: Interradicular group

85
Q

3 layers of Alveolar bone

A

Cortical plate
Cribriform playe or alveolar bone proper
spongy or cancellous bone

86
Q

What are the PDL fiber groups?

A

Gingival
Transseptal
Alveolodental

87
Q

Sublingual gingiva and central surface of tongue

A

Epithelium is very thin

88
Q

Average depth of a healthy sulcus

A

When measured with probe- 2 mm - 3mm

89
Q

Fungiform Papillae

A

Anterior two thirds of the tongue. have tiny round, raised spots

90
Q

oblique group

A

Runs from the cementum coronally into the alveolar bone. the main fiber group for resisting occlusal stresses

91
Q

The lining of the oral cavity is referred to as oral mucosa:

A

it is a stratified squamous epithelial arrangement that runs from the margins of the lips posteriorly to the area of the tonsils

92
Q

what is vascular pressure in dental tissues?

A

Vascular pressures present enhance cellular activity but seem to have a direct eruptive role

Dental Anatomy (5 decks)

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