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Special Clinical Microbiology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Trypanosoma gambiense vector

A

tsetse fly

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1
Q

what does direct development mean

A

rhabditiform directly develops into filariform

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2
Q

vector of Leishmania braziliensis

A

sand fly

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2
Q

What is the causative agent of bilhariasis

A

any schistosome

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3
Q

what protozoan is indicated by pear-shaped troph with jerky motility that is found in urine

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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3
Q

What species of fluke is indicated by being associated with bladder cancer

A

Schistosoma haematobium

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3
Q

What is the main use of a permanent stained smear

A

to see protozoan cysts and trophs

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3
Q

What is the causative agent of eye worm

A

Loa loa

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3
Q

What species prefers retics

A

Plasmodium vivax

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4
Q

what protozoan is indicated by sluggish random motility

A

Entamoeba coli

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4
Q

causative agent of espundia

A

Leishmania braziliensis

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5
Q

Of Wucheria bancrofti and Brugia malaya, which has a higher number of microfilaria in the blood stream

A

Brugia

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6
Q

list the two major concentration procedures and the principle of each

A

formalin ether-sedimentation and zinc sulfate-floatation

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7
Q

how are most protozoan diseases transmitted?

A

fecal-oral ingestion of cyst

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7
Q

what does indirect development mean

A

rhabditiform larvae develops into a free-living adult

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9
Q

How can chromomycoses be described?

A

dematiaceous fungi

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9
Q

What is the intermediate host of D. latum?

A

freshwater fish

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9
Q

What species has split ring forms

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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10
Q

How is psittacosis spread

A

aerosol

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11
Q

Which virus is indicated by Burkitt’s lymphoma?

A

Epstein Barr

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12
Q

What is the causative agent of thread worm

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

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13
Q

What species of fluke is indicated by an egg that has prominent shoulders that resembles a light bulb

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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14
Q

causes spidemic scalp ringworm

A

Trichophyton tonsurans

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15
Q

Brown sclerotic bodies

A

Chromomycoses

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15
Q

What preservative is usually used for the trichrome stain

A

PVA

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15
Q

What species has irregular, fimbriated red blood cells?

A

Plasmodium ovale

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16
Q

What is cutaneous larval migrans also called

A

creeping eruption

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18
Q

thick-wall barrel-shaped arthrospores

A

Coccidioides

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19
Q

causes phycomycoses

A

mucor or rhizopus

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19
Q

What is cutaneous larval migrans caused by

A

Ancylostoma braziliense

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20
Q

How are infections due to hookworm and threadworm usually acquired

A

penetration of skin by filariform larvae

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21
Q

Of nematodes and trematodes, which alternates between free-living and parasitic

A

nematodes

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21
Q

What is the infective stage of Ascaris lumbricoides

A

embryonated egg

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23
Q

Examples of asexual spores

A

arthrospores, blastospores, and chlamydospores

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23
Q

what protozoan is indicated by lacking a cyst form

A

Dientamoeba fragilis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba gingivalis

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23
Q

What are spicules

A

associated in nematode with ejaculatory duct

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24
Q

What is the infective stage of Echinococcus granulosus

A

egg

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25
Q

causative agent of Kala-azar

A

Leishmania donovani

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26
Q

What is the common name of Trichuris trichiuria

A

whipworm

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26
Q

what parasite often causes pneumonitis in children

A

Ascaris

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27
Q

What is the common name of Trichinella spiralis

A

pork tapeworm

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27
Q

what is the causative agent of blackwater fever

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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28
Q

Examples of sexual spores

A

ascospore, basidiospore, zygospore

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29
Q

What is the infective stage of Taenia solium

A

cysticercus

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30
Q

What is the infective stage of Taenia saginata

A

cysticercus

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30
Q

What type of specimen is needed to diagnose Onchocerca volvulus

A

skin

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32
Q

Define reservoir host

A

animals other than man that can harbor a disease

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32
Q

Of nematodes and trematodes, which is completely parasitic

A

trematodes

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34
Q

mastigophoran means of motility

A

flagella

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35
Q

What species of fluke is indicated by having ova often confused with D. latum?

A

Paragonimus westermani

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36
Q

What is the infective stage of D. latum

A

plerocercoid

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37
Q

what protozoan is indicated by fine, even peripheral chromatin

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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38
Q

Brown, gritty deposits in sputum

A

Aspergillus

39
Q

List several environmental or climatic factors which are important in the spread and/or prevention of parasitic infections

A

temperature, sand, soil, controlling insect population, water filtration

40
Q

What is the intermediate host of Onchocerca volvulus

A

simulium fly

41
Q

causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

42
Q

what protozoan is indicated by large glycogen vacuole stains deeply with iodine

A

Iodamoeba bütschlii

43
Q

What virus is indicated by large, red intranuclear inclusions

A

CMV

44
Q

What is the causative agent of guinea worm

A

Dracunculus medinensis

46
Q

thick-walled, broad-based yeast

A

Blastomycoses

48
Q

vector of Leishmania tropica

A

tsetse fly

48
Q

What is another name for the simulium fly

A

black fly

49
Q

How do rickettsia differ from chlamydia

A

rickettsia needs an arthropod vector

50
Q

What is the infective stage of Trichinella spiralis

A

encysted larvae in muscle

52
Q

What virus is indicated by infectious mono

A

Epstein-Barr

53
Q

What is the common name of Necator americanus

A

hookworm

55
Q

thin-walled, club-shaped macroconidia in clusters

A

Epidermophyton

56
Q

Is the egg of Taenia solium infective for man?

A

yes

57
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Echinococcus granulosus

A

hydatid cyst found in man

58
Q

what protozoan is indicated by oval cyst that has large, blot-like karyosome

A

Endolimax nana

59
Q

How can Hymenolepsis nana and Hymenolepsis dominate be differentiated?

A

H. dimunata eggs are large and have no polar filaments

61
Q

spherules filled with endspores

A

Coccidioides

62
Q

What virus is indicated by Negri bodies

A

rabies

64
Q

What is the intermediate host of Taenia solium

A

pig

64
Q

What is the definitive host of Echinococcus granulosus

A

intestines of canines

65
Q

spin tuberculate macroconidia

A

Histoplasma

66
Q

What is the first intermediate host of all human flukes

A

snails

66
Q

What are some distinctive features of filarial worms

A

female gives birth to live larvae, have periodicity, some have sheath derived from egg shell

68
Q

vector of Trypanosoma cruzii

A

kissing bug

69
Q

If negative results were obtained using the zinc sulfate method, what would be the best course to follow if the doctor still felt the patient had a parasitic disease?

A

repeat using formalin ether

70
Q

What is the specific gravity of the solution employed in the floatation method

A

1.18

71
Q

What does auto infection mean

A

person infects themselves

72
Q

What is a proglottid

A

individual segments of a tapeworm

74
Q

ciliate means of motility

A

cilia

76
Q

thick-walled, spindle shaped macroconidia

A

microsporum

77
Q

causative agent of oriental sore, Baghdad/New Delhi boil

A

Leishmania tropica

78
Q

sarcodina means of motility

A

pseudopods

80
Q

what is a hydatid cyst

A

tapeworm larvae of Echinococcus granulosis

81
Q

colony has a red reverse

A

Trichophyton rubrum

82
Q

What is the infective stage of Stongyloides stercoralis

A

filariform larvae

83
Q

If an ova and parasite exam cannot be performed right away, what procedure should be followed?

A

perform quick macro and micro exam, add preservative and refrigerate within 30 minutes

85
Q

causative agent of Chagas disease

A

Trypanosoma cruzii

86
Q

What is the common name of Ascaris lumbricoides

A

round worm

87
Q

What is the causative agent of whipworm

A

Trichuris trichiura

88
Q

Multiple buds in tissue

A

Paracoccidioides

89
Q

List several species of parasites which can be transmitted by contaminated drinking water

A

Entamoeba histolytica, all schistosomes, not hookworms

91
Q

what protozoan is indicated by a troph that is bilaterally symmetrical?

A

Giardia lamblia

92
Q

What is a stroblia

A

general term for entire tapeworm

93
Q

What is the infective stage of Hymenolepsis dimunata

A

cystercercoid

94
Q

Which species exist in the Leishmania form in human cells?

A

All Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzii

95
Q

mode of transmission of rocky mountain spotted fever

A

deer tick

97
Q

sporozoa means of motility

A

non motile

99
Q

Broad, non-septate hyphae in tissue

A

Mucor Rhizopus

100
Q

What species of fluke is indicated by having ova that can appear in the stool or sputum

A

Paragonimus westermani

101
Q

Is the egg of Taenia saginata infective for man

A

no

102
Q

Which organism is known as the dwarf tapeworm

A

Hymenolepsis nana

103
Q

what is visceral larval migrants caused by

A

Toxocara canis

104
Q

What is the infective stage of Enterobius vermicularis

A

embryonated egg

105
Q

What is the intermediate host of Taenia saginata?

A

cow

106
Q

Of nematodes and trematodes, which has a more simple life style

A

nematodes

107
Q

What is the infective stage of Hymenolepsis nana

A

fully embryonated egg

108
Q

What morphological form of the blood and tissue flagellates is intracellular?

A

Leishmania forms

109
Q

What species has 9 merozoites

A

Plasmodium malariae

111
Q

What is the common name of Enterobius vermicularis

A

pinworm

112
Q

What is the infective stage of Necator americanus

A

filariform larvae

114
Q

What is a neck

A

narrowest part of the tapeworm located just behind the scolex

116
Q

What is a scolex

A

organ for attachment

117
Q

causative agent of west african sleeping sickness

A

Trypanosoma gambiense

118
Q

vector of Leishmania donovani

A

sand fly

119
Q

What is the common name of Strongyloides stercoralis

A

threadworm

120
Q

What is the infective stage of Trichuris trichiuria

A

embryonated egg

121
Q

Define definitive host

A

host in which sexual or adult stage or life cycle occurs

122
Q

What is a rostellum

A

fleshy extension of scolex that has one or two rows of hooks

123
Q

what protozoan is indicated by a cyst that is lemon-shaped with “nipple” on end?

A

Chilomastix mesnili

124
Q

what diseases are caused by chlamydia

A

psittacosis

125
Q

produces germ tube

A

Candida

127
Q

What virus is indicated by shingles

A

Varicella-Zoster

128
Q

What species of fluke is indicated by being the largest fluke found in man

A

Fasciolopsis buski

129
Q

Define intermediate host

A

host in which the larval or asexual stage of life cycle occurs

130
Q

What species of fluke is indicated by being a usual parasite of sheep that has an extremely large egg?

A

Fasciola hepatica

131
Q

In which two parasitic infections is autoinfecton most common

A

Pin worm and strongyloides

Special Clinical Microbiology (5 decks)

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