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MDL 125 Hematology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

The deformability of the RBC is a result of _____ in the cytoskeleton

A

actin and spectin

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2
Q

The initial blood forming organ is the

A

yolk sac

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3
Q

The mature RBC has

A

pink cytoplasm

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4
Q

An increase in neutrophilic bands (and earlier cells) would be considered

A

a shift to the left

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5
Q

What is the nucleus shape of a metamyelocytes

A

kidney shaped

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6
Q

Erythropoiesis is the formation of

A

Red blood cells

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7
Q

The most commonly found toxic changes in neutrophilis is

A

Toxic granulation

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8
Q

You are looking at a bone marrow preparation and you see a cell with a relatively small nucleus; coarse, clumped, pyknotic nucleus; with a cytoplasm that is predominately red-pink with very little basophilia. This is a/an

A

Orthochromatic normoblast

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9
Q

Primitive RBC’s are being formed _____ of fetal development

A

Within 2 weeks of conception

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10
Q

RBC’s are capable of mitosis through which stage?

A

Polychromatophilic normoblast

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11
Q

A gram of hemoglobin combines with _____ ml of oxygen

A

1.34

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12
Q

Cells are identified according to

A

size

nuclear and cytoplasmic characteristics

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13
Q

Transferrin functions in transporting _____ to the developing RBC

A

Iron

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14
Q

RBC size is estimated in a differential by comparing the cell to

A

the size of a nucleus of a small lymph

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15
Q

The earliest differentiated cell of the lymphocytic seris is the

A

lymphoblast

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16
Q

As RBC age or die, their

A

size decreases

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17
Q

Plasmacytes are closely related to

A

lymphs

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18
Q

Promyelocytes

A

have nonspecific granules

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19
Q

Blasts (secondary stem cells) usually have

A

deeply basophilic cytoplasm and nucleoli

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20
Q

Blasts are not found in

A

peripheral blood

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21
Q

In looking at a bone marrow preparation you see a cell with deeply blue cytoplasm, a large nucleus in relation to the rest of the cell, and the chromatin is finely reticular with nucleoli present. This is probably a/an

A

Pronormoblast

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22
Q

A cell that is not found in a normal blood smear is a/an

A

Orthochromatic normoblast

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23
Q

Reticulocytes are cells seen immediately following the loss of the _____ by the cytoplasm

A

Nucleus

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24
Q

What is the nucleus shape of a band?

A

Sausage shaped

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25
In response to hypoxia, a hormone is produced to stimulate the production of RBC. This is called
Erythropoietin
26
The undifferentiated mesenchymal cell (stem cell) is also known as
hemocytoblast
27
What cells have no granules in their cytoplasm
myelocytes
28
The initial precursors in heme synthesis are
Succinyl CoA Glycine Delta ALA
29
Methemoglobin is hemoglobin that
contains iron in the 3+ state
30
The liquid component of the blood is approximately _____%
55
31
The classic method for the detection of hemoglobin variants is
electrophoresis
32
As the transport system of the body, blood carries
digestive products cellular elements oxygen
33
In response to hypoxia, a hormone is produced to stimulate the production of RBC. This is produced by the
Kidney
34
RBC's exhibiting macrocytes and microcytes would be termed
anisocytes
35
Iron exists in the normal hemoglobin molecule (in the oxygen carrying state) as
Ferrous 2+
36
Serum contains
no clotting factors
37
The term that generally refers to the formation of blood is
hematopoiesis
38
What are the embryonic hemoglobins?
Gowers I and II
39
2,3 DPG is important to
Oxygen affinity
40
RBC are capable of mitosis through which stage
Polychromatophilic normoblast
41
Normal adults have three hemoglobins in their red blood cells. They are
A1 A2 F
42
The cell/s that contain rose-violet granules with standard staining techniques are called
neutrophils
43
Heme synthesis occurs in the
Mitochondria
44
Globin synthesis occurs in the
Ribosome
45
Hemoglobin that is fully saturated with oxygen is called
oxyhemoglobin
46
Plasma consists of all of the following except
platelets
47
Hemoglobin consists of what types of globin chains
Alpha and Beta
48
Hemoglobin contains
An iron containing portion called heme and a protein portion called globin
49
The report “RBC’s appear hypochromic” indicates which of the following
The color of the cells is decreased
50
The function of hemoglobin is to
carry oxygen to the tissue assist in bringing carbon dioxide to the lungs act as part of the buffer system
51
RBC’s that exhibit a variety of sizes are called
anisocytes
52
Poikilocytosis is a variation in the _____ of erythrocytes
Shape
53
The normal hemoglobin molecule is composed of
a moiety subunits of heme and globin a tetramer of alpha and beta chains
54
Megakaryocytes are the
precursor to platelets
55
The lab manual says to spin hematocrits for 4 min at 10,000 RPM. A new employee spun a hematocrit for 8 min at 5,000 RMP. The hematocrit value may be
Falsely increased
56
A shift to the left indicates an increase in
bands
57
What cell does not include a white blood cell like
Megakaryocyte
58
The earliest differentiated cell of the granulocytic series is the
myeloblast
59
Myeloblasts and lymphoblasts are differentiated by
Peroxidase stain
60
The modified Westerfren method (Dispette) for ESR requires that 2.0 ml of anticoagulated blood is diluted with
0.5 ml of 0.85% NaCl
61
Leukopoiesis is the formation of
WBC
62
The three series in the granulocytic series are
Neutrophilic Basophilic Eosinophilic
63
Blood smears are important because they may
Guide therapy Indicate harmful effects of therapy Furnish a diagnosis
64
The cell/s that contain red-orange granules with standard staining techniques are called
eosinophils
65
The normal life span of RBC is
120 days
66
What is the immediate precursor of the segmented neutrophil
band
67
What are considered toxic changes in granulocytes
Dohle bodies
68
How long should a hematocrit be spun for before reading?
5 minutes
69
The kidney releases a hormone to stimulate the bone marrow. This is called
Erythropoietin
70
Differentation of the granules takes place at the
myelocyte
71
A decrease in the WBC count is
Leukopenia
72
What tells you that you have added the proper ration of buffer to stain in the Wright's stain
The appearance of a green sheen
73
Drabkin's solution is used for
hemoglobin
74
In the Wright's stain if the stain appears too red this may be an idication that the pH of the buffer is
too acid
75
The cell you see in a diff count that is very large with a grayish cytoplasm and a convoluted nucleaus is a/an
monocyte
76
Wright's stain contains
methylene blue
77
Which stain is used for staining peripheral blood smears
Wright's
78
You have a slide that is 40% lymphs - is this normal?
It is slightly elevated above the normal amount
79
With strep throat you will likely see _____ on the differential smear
Bands
80
Plama cells
have a distinct perinuclear halo
81
The typical erythrocyte measures _____ micron/s in diameter
6-8
82
Is the presence of band neutrophils normal in the differential? If so, how many would be considered normal
Yes, 0-5
83
The cell that stains uniformly pink with a pale central area is called a/an
erythrocyte
84
The alkaline part of the Wright's stain will stain nuclei and some cytoplasmic structures
blue
85
According to an Arneth count, an increase in the number of multi-segmented neutrophils (>4 lobes) is
shift to the right
86
The mature neutrophil normally exhibits _____ lobe/s
3-5
87
On a normal smear what percent is normal for eosinophils?
2-4%
88
Wright's stain is an example of _____ stains
Romanowsky
89
A hypochromic cell is seen as a red cell with
very little hemoglobin
90
On a normal smear what percent is normal for lymphocytes?
20-30%
91
Differentiation of the granules in the WBC takes place at which stage?
myelocyte
92
On a normal smear what percent is normal for segmented neutrophils?
50-65%
93
A patient presents with a runny nose, cough, and fever. The cell line you will most likely see on the differential smear is a/an
lymphocyte
94
On a normal smear what percent is normal for basophils?
0-1%
95
The term that refers to the formation of RBC is
erythropoiesis
96
The cell most usually seen in an adult with a urinary tract infection is a/an
neutrophil
97
The objective you use when you do a WBC estimate is
high dry
98
Eosinophils are associated with
parasites
99
On a normal smear what percent is normal for monocytes?
4-8%
100
The normal WBC count is typically
5.0-10.0x10^3
101
A decreased WBC is to be expected in
infectious hepatitis
102
RBC's that exhibit a variety of shapes are called
poikilocytes
103
A hypochromic cell is seen as a red cell with
very little hemoglobin
104
RBC's that are larger than normal are called
macrocytes
105
Sedimentation rates should be collected with
NEED ANSWER
106
A patient presents with a runny nose, cough, and fever. The cell line you will most likely see on the differential smear is a/an
lymphocyte
107
Cells responsible for cell mediated immunity are
T lymphocytes
108
The alkaline part of the Wright's stain will stain nuclei and some cytoplasmic structures
blue
109
The granules in the basophil contain
NEED ANSWER
110
An effective diluent for WBC counts allows
all nonnucleated RBC to be hemolyzed
111
The buffer used with the Wright's stain procedure must be pH
NEED ANSWER
112
Differentiation of the granules in the WBC takes place at which stage
myelocyte
113
The term that refers to the formation of RBC is
erythropoiesis
114
Wright's stain is an example of _____ stains
Romanowsky
115
Eosinophils are associated with
parasites
116
All lymphocytes are capable of mitosis
True
117
The most common cell found in the normal peripheral smear is the
neutrophil
118
The cell that stains uniformly pink with a pale central area is called a/an
erythrocyte
119
Plasma cells have
a distinct perinuclear halo and cartwheel chromatin

MDL 125 Hematology (4 decks)

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