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Geography > final exam 2 > Flashcards

final exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

lithosphere

A

rigid

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2
Q

contintal

A

felsic

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3
Q

oceanic

A

mafic

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4
Q

minerals

A

naturally occuring inorganic solid with definite cheical composition and crystaline structure

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5
Q

rocks

A

aggreates of minearls

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6
Q

divergent plate boundaries

A

new sea floor

mid atlatic ridge

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7
Q

convergent

A

continental vs continental=mountains
continental vs oceanic=trench and volcano
oceanic vs oceanic=trech and volcano

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8
Q

transform

A

slide past eachother

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9
Q

isostacy

A

glaciers or land masses causing depression in crust.

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10
Q

effects of plate techtonics today

A 
ring of fire - volcanoes 95% at plate boundaries
earthquakes
oceanic crust
mountains
isostacy
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11
Q

types of volcaoes

A 
cinder cone
shield
composit
flood basalts
caldera
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12
Q

hot spots

A

parts where mantle seeps through to crust

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13
Q

orogenesis

A

mountain building

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14
Q

basin and range

A

normal faults

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15
Q

earthquakes

A

quick release of stored potential energy into motion

richter scale=log scale

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16
Q

physical weathering

A 
unloading
thermal explansion
frost cracking
root intrusion
wetting and dyring
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17
Q

chemical weathering

A

osidation
dissolution=karst topography
hydrolisis=dissocles ions or new minerals form
increase in temp adn percipitation increases chemical weathering

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18
Q

controls of chemical weathering

A

chemical reactions-easily remove ions
increase temp + percipitation= increase in chemical weathering
rock type
surface area

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19
Q

weathering

A

creates new landscapes

20
Q

understanding weathering rates

A

can help us in the future in agriculture and being sustainable

21
Q

classifying mass movements

A

speed and water content

22
Q

four types of mass movements

A

falls
slides
flows
soil creep

23
Q

controls and triggers

A 
increase in water content
earthquakes
weathering
land use changes
wild fire
24
Q

forces controling transport downslope

A

driving forces-mass material, slope angle

resisting forces- strength of material

25
Q

anatomy of river

A

floodplain
streambank
streambed
stage:height of flow

26
Q

types of rivers

A

bedrock
alluvial
-multiple channel-braided
-single channel-straing-meandering

27
Q

ways to get to streams

A 
direct percipitation
surface runoff
infiltration
interflow
percolaion
baseflow
28
Q

streamflow measured

A

Q=area x flow velocity

Q=streamflow

29
Q

sediment transport

A

saltation- hoping
traction-sliding
suspended load- above bed sand or clay

30
Q

discharge sediment size and river slope

A

as discharge, velocity, depth increase the aility to transport sediment increases

31
Q

lanes balance

A

degredation=erodes rivers

aggradation=sediment deposites

32
Q

fluvial landforms

A

terraces
alluvial fans-terrestrial
deltas-aquatic
floodplains

33
Q

glaciers

A

alpine galciers-mountains

continental glaciers-masses on large areas of land

34
Q

snow

A

frozen percipitation collecting in a thin layer on the ground

35
Q

glaciers

A

slow moving mass of ice fromed by accumulation adn compaction fo snow over many of years

36
Q

glacial erosion

A

ice push
abrasion
plucking

37
Q

glacial deposition

A

till

morains and terminal morains

38
Q

glacial landforms

A

cirque
u shpaed valleys
hanging valleys
abrasions

39
Q

fire intensity

A

energey released

40
Q

fire severity

A

ecosystem response and social impacts

41
Q

aeolian

A

arising form the action or wind

42
Q

aeolian landforms

A 
barchans
transverse
longitudinal
parabolic
star
43
Q

vegetation in Aeolian processes

A

holds down sediments

44
Q

waves form

A

atmospheric wind patters
velocity (wind speed)
wind persistence
fetch (distance fo wind persistence)

45
Q

tides

A

sun and moon
lunar day= 2 high 2 low tides
when sun and moon line up its mega huge high tide

46
Q

erosional forms from waves

A 
sea stacks
terraces
beaches
sand spits
coastal dunes

Geography (9 decks)

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