Final Exam Flashcards
Chapter 13 (Personality) and 14 (Psychological Disorders)
Summarize the findings of milligram?
- 65% of people completed the experiment and administered the highest level of shock
- 35% Left at some point
- 12.5% refused to go beyond 300 v
What accounts for the disobedience in milligrams experiment
- Personality
What is personality?
•Individuals’ unique set of consistent behaviour traits
• very consistent over time and across diff. Situations
What is personality used to explain?
-The stability in a persons behavior over time and across situations (consistency)
- the behavioral differences among people reacting to the same situation (distinctiveness)
What is personality trait?
A durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations
What is human nature
- What drives our behalior
- uniquely found in humans
- pyramid of reeds at the top (love/belonging, esteem, self-actuatication)
What are the big five of the five factor model
- Openness to experience
-Conscientiousness
-Extroversion - agreeableness
- Neuroticism
- nicknamed ocean
What is openness to experience
- Creative, intellectual, open-minded, curious, flexible, unconventional, empathetic
What is conscientiousness
Organized, responsible, cautious, diligent,
punctual, dependable, self-disciplined, etc.
What is extroversion
Talkative, energetic, assertive, outgoing, sociable,
friendly, gregarious, upbeat, assertive, etc.
What is agreeableness classified by
Sympathetic, kind, affectionate, warm, trusting,
compassionate, cooperative, modest, etc.
What are neuroticism traits
Anxious, unstable, insecure, hostile, self-
conscious, sensitive, vulnerable, impulsive, etc
Add high/low pole of each
What personality traits are associated with risky sexual behavior? Jacksprtagus
- High:extraversion
- low: concienscientionness agreeableness- emotional stability
What’s the importance of understanding the bigs 5
- You can make profiles d people who are most likely to engage in certain behaviour
What are orthogonal factors
- factors that have no correlation
Which two factors are orthogonal
-Extroversion and neuroticism
What is exSenct’s biological trait theory?
- based on the fact that extroversion and neuroticism are orthogonal
Make cards slide 33 on 42
What is displacement?
- discharging pent -up feelings usually of hostility on objects less dangerous than those who initially aroused the emotion
- tendency to repeat what has been done to us
What is identification
What is projection
- seeing ones own thought/fault in others
-Seeing one’s own goal as the goal of others too
Ex/
-An aggressive person sees others as aggressive too
What is reaction formation
- preventing dangerous desires from being expressed by endorsing opposing attitudes and types of behaviour and using them as “barriers”
- someone who really dislikes you may pretend to adore you
What is denial?
- protecting self from unpleasant reality by refusing to perceive it
-Ex/ parent believes dead child is alive
What is repression
- form of selective forgetting
What is rationalization?
Finding excuses
What is regresston
- reverting to earlier development levels invoking more childish responses and usually a lower level of aspiration
- attitudes or actions believe childish when faced with stress
What is sublimation
- Channeling disruptive impulses- thoughts, or emotions into socially acceptable behaviors
What is psychic determinism?,
is the assumption that all mental and
behavioural reactions (symptoms) are determined by earlier
experiences.
• Symptoms are not arbitrary; symptoms are related in a
meaningful way to earlier significant life events.
What is fixation
an inability to progress normally to the next stage
of development, due to either too much gratification or too
much frustration at one of the early stages of psychosexual
development
What is psychic energy
- Source ofenergy within each person that motivates the person to do one thing or another
-Operates according to the law of conservator of energy
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