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ART HISTORY First Exam > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a tumulis?

A

A mound of earth thats raise over a burial or grave

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1
Q

What is a necropolis?

A

A large cemetery or city of the dead

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2
Q

What is a fibula?

A

A decorative brooch used for fastening clothing

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3
Q

What is verism?

A

A preference for realism over the depiction of the heroic or ideal

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4
Q

What is a colonade?

A

A series of columns that support a roof

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5
Q

What is a forum?

A

A name for the open area in a town center that included options for shopping markets, worship, and political activities

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6
Q

What is capitolium?

A

A roman temple dedicated to Jupiter (Zeus), Juno (Hera) and Minerva (Athena)

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7
Q

What is tesserae

A

a small block of tile, glass, or stone used in mosiac production

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8
Q

What is bucrania

A

the skull of an oxen, a common form of decoration in classical architecture

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9
Q

What does Pax Romana mean

A

Peace of rome

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10
Q

What is a cameo

A

A gem or other stone with a relief carving; the distinct background color is the inner vein of the stone

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11
Q

What is aqueduct?

A

An artificial channel for transporting water, typically in the form of a bridge across a valley or other gap

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12
Q

What is a triumphal arch

A

A free standing archway that often spans a road or marks an entrance; decorated with relief carvings alluding a historical, often military victory

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13
Q

What is a coffer

A

a recessed panel or series of panels, in a ceiling

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14
Q

What is a tondo?

A

A circular work of art (plural tondi)

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15
Q

What is a tempera?

A

Quick drying paint made from mixing powdered pigment with a binding agent (egg yolk)

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16
Q

what is a spoila

A

building materials or relief salvaged from other works and reused in a different structure

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17
Q

what is porphyry

A

A hard purple stone from Egypt reserved for sculptures of the imperial family and gods

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18
Q

What is concordia

A

A harmony

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19
Q

What is apse

A

a recess at the end of an interior space, often semi circular, and typically reserved for someone or something important; Such as the altar in a church or the throne of a ruler

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20
Q

What is oratory

A

A prayer chapel

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21
Q

What is diaspora

A

A population that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic place of origin

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22
Q

what is a congregational mosque?

A

the main mosque in a city or town and the location of prayers when the entire community comes together

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23
Q

what is a mihrab?

A

a prayer niche, usually concabe in shape with an arched top, located in the top wall of the mosque indicating the direction of Mecca

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24
Q

WHat is a minaret?

A

a tower at mosque, can call prayers and is a visible marker of the mosque on skyline

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25
Q

What is Kufic?

A

An old arabic script that is angular in form; commonly used to copy the Quran

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26
Q

what is lusterware?

A

pottery or glassware with metalic glaze

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27
Q

what is luster?

A

a mettalic over glaze produced by oxides, used on ceramics

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28
Q

What is a parchment

A

a writing surface prepated from the skin of certain animals that has been treated, stretched, and polished

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29
Q

What is a folio

A

one leaf of a book

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30
Q

what is a cupola

A

the underside of a dome; also a domelike element set atop a dome or other roof

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31
Q

What is a architectual palimpset

A

a structure that has had changes overtime and shows evidence of that change

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32
Q

Four-Iwan Plan

A

four vaulted halls, each open on one side, positoned around a courtyard to form one large, interconnected space

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33
Q

Madrasa

A

A school espically for Sunni Islamic law and theology

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34
Q

What is a muquarnas

A

alternating convex and concave niche like cells, Clustered LIKE HONEYCOMBS; used to decorate spaces in ISLAMIC architecture

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35
Q

Cut tile work

A

small pieces of glazed tile arranged into patterns and set into plasters to form geometric designs oremenating interior architectural surfaces

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36
Q

Fritware

A

Ceramic vessels made using combinations of quartz, glass frit

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37
Q

Overglaze

A

a second decorative applied to already glazed ceramic ware

38
Q

Mina’i

A

Derived from the persian word for enamel- describes a multicolored and gilded overglaze process used on ceramics (typically fritware)

39
Q

Mandala

A

typically has concentric circles and squares, a diagram of the cosmos used in hinduism, buddhism and other South Asian Religions

40
Q

Auspicious

A

signals prosperity, good fortune and a favorable future

41
Q

Plinth

A

Base or platform upon which a struture stands

42
Q

Mandapa

A

porch or hall located before the inner santum of a hindu temple

43
Q

Gabbhagriga

A

A Hindu temple’s innermost sanctum; a small dark space, where the main icon of a deity is housed

44
Q

Shikhara

A

A tower above the inner sanctum of a Hindu Temple, used specifically for north indian temples

45
Q

Architectural polychromy

A

using different colored materials to create decoratibe patterns in architecture

46
Q

Pagoda

A

In East Asia, the stupa form; a tall structure that houses Buddhist relics

47
Q

Kodno

A

Literakky “golden hall,” the main hall of a Japanese Buddhist temple

48
Q

Cantilever

A

A horizontal beam, slab, or other projecting structural member that is anchored at only one end

49
Q

Finial

A

A horizontal beam slab or other projecting structural member that is anchored at only one end

50
Q

Tableu

A

A stationary scene of people or objects, arranged for artistic impact

51
Q

Mandorla

A

In religious art ( a halo or frame that surrounds the entire body

52
Q

Tympanum

A

A lunnete shaped space above a portal; often filled with relief sculpture

53
Q

VOussoir

A

A wedge shaped stone block used in the construction of an arch

54
Q

Archivolts

A

A molding on the lower curve of an arch

55
Q

Lintel

A

A horizontal support above a door or other openings

56
Q

Trumeau

A

A section of a wall or a post that divides two doors

57
Q

Jamb

A

The two uprights parts of a doorframe

58
Q

Champleve

A

A decorative technique in which hollows or cells in the metalwork are filled with enamel

59
Q

Rib Vault

A

A vault consisting of numerous intersecting ribs; typically associated with Gothic architecture

60
Q

Pilasters

A

A flat, rectangular vertical projection from a wall; usually including a base and a capital and is sometimes fluted

61
Q

Romanesque

A

A medieval style of architecture, in the Roman style, characterized by rounded arches

62
Q

Gothic

A

A western European medieval style primarily of the mid 12th to 15th centuries, characterized by the use of pointed arches and rib vaults

63
Q

Lancet

A

A tall narrow window with a pointed arch at the top

64
Q

Buttress

A

An external support to an architectural structure, usually made of brick or stone

65
Q

Flying Butress

A

A supporting pier that extends, or flies from an external wall with an arch that provides additonal support to the wall while allowing space for windows

66
Q

Rock cut

A

Carved from solid stone, where it naturally occurs

67
Q

Dry masonry

A

Construction technique in which stone or bricks are fitted together so tightly that no mortar is needed

68
Q

Adobe

A

Made of sun-dried clay; usually combined with organic materials

69
Q

scarification

A

Permanent marks created by incising or irritating the skin; used to enhance beauty or establish status

70
Q

Roof comb

A

Lattic structure surmounting the rood of a temple; often used to support monumental sculpture

71
Q

Tumbaga

A

A gold copper alloy, created with chemicals and heat to bring as much gold to the surface as possible

72
Q

Tapestry weaving

A

A process in which patterns are woven directly into the textile, now sewn on aftewards

73
Q

Warp and weft

A

In textile weaving, warp threads are the stationary vertical threads held taut to the loom and weft refers to the yarn that is woven horioznontally over and under the warp threads to make cloth

74
Q

Hanging scroll

A

A fornat of East Asian painting that is typically taller than it is wide; generally displayed temporarily and may be rolled up and stored easily

75
Q

Ruled line painting

A

Painting that reder architecture and other complex, engineered structures with meticulous care, often with the aid of rulers and compasses

76
Q

Isometric perspective

A

A system of representing 3-D space and objects on a 2-D surface in which the angle between any two of the three coordinate axes is approximately 120°; the lines have no vanishing points

77
Q

Literati painters

A

Educated artists, including scholar officials, who brought literary values into painting, and pursued abstraction and self expression in their art

78
Q

Ru ware

A

A type of stoneware that has simple shapes and uses a greenish glaze to give it the appearance of a jade

79
Q

Fan Painting

A

a format of East Asian painting in which the image is painted on an oblong, round, or folded FAN

80
Q

archaism

A

The use of forms dating to the past and associated with a golden age

81
Q

physiognomy

A

The shape, proportion, and composition of facial features

82
Q

Emaki

A

Japanese term for a handscroll painting, viewed from right to left

83
Q

Nio

A

Paired guardian statues often founf at buddhist temples in japan

84
Q

Yosegi Zukuri

A

A japanese technique for making wood sculpture by joining multiple blocks together

85
Q

Tenshu

A

The keep or fortified tower of a Japanese castle

86
Q

Bailey

A

In castle architecture, HIGH walled courtyard that exposes attackers

87
Q

Tokonoma

A

the indoor alcove, often found in a teahouse, used to dsiplay artworks and seasonal plant cuttings

88
Q

Berbers

A

A muslim group from North Africa that settled in the region of Spain/Portugal

89
Q

Crennelation

A

A fortified wall with notches or openings on top

90
Q

torque

A

neck ring, usually metal

91
Q

Campanile

A

Italian word for bell tower

92
Q

Quatrefoil

A

A decorative design shape consisting of four lobes; resembles a stylized flower

ART HISTORY First Exam (5 decks)

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