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relationships, marriage, and family > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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Conversation Starters flashcards
1
Q

The most common, includes basic information about family members (ex. names, dates of birth, and relationships)

A

Standard or Family Genogram

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2
Q

Genogram that focuses on health-related information, such as illnesses and genetic factors that run in the family

A

Medical Genogram

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3
Q

Genogram that emphasizes the emotional relationships, communication styles, and behavior patterns within the family

A

Emotional Genogram

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4
Q

Genogram that explores cultural and ethnic background of the family, including traditions and values

A

Cultural Genogram

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5
Q

Genogram focusing on mapping and exploring career paths, achievements, and influences within a person’s family

A

Career Genogram

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6
Q

A father, a mother, and their children

A

Nuclear Family

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7
Q

The family into which you are born and in which you are raised

A

Family of Origin

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8
Q

A parent (who may or may not have been married) and one or more children

A

Single-Parent Family

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9
Q

A family in which the mother is head of the household, with authority over other family members

A

Matriarchal Family

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10
Q

An individual, possibly a partner, any children the individual might have, and other relatives who live in the household or nearby

A

Extended Family

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11
Q

A family formed when a widowed or divorced person, with or without children, remarries another person who may or may not have children

A

Blended, or Reconstituted Family

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12
Q

A single-family unit based on the marriage of one person to two or more mates

A

Polygamous Family

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13
Q

A family in which the father is head of the household, with authority over other family members

A

Patriarchal Family

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14
Q

Two people of the same sex who are living together and being mutually committed

A

Gay or Lesbian Family

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15
Q

Any group of people united by ties of marriage, blood, or adoption or any sexually expressive relationship in which (1) the adults cooperate financially for their mutual support, (2) the people are committed to one another in an intimate interpersonal relationship, (3) the members see their individual identities as importantly attached to the group, and (4) the group has an identity of their own

A

Family

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16
Q

The family you establish if you have children of your own

A

Family of Procreation

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17
Q

A couple who decide not to have children

A

Voluntarily Childless Family

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18
Q

An original family divided into two families by divorce

A

Binuclear Family

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19
Q

A visual tool that allows you to visually map out and explore the intricate relationships, patterns, and influences within a family system

A

Genogram

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20
Q

T/F: Men are quicker to seek help and to recognize symptoms of depression

A

False

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21
Q

T/F: Studies indicate that married people live longer, and are healthier and happier than single people

A

True

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22
Q

T/F: Men who are depressed find it difficult reaching out to a partner for comfort or more contact

A

True

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23
Q

T/F: Strict feminists argue that women can never find full satisfaction in salaried work

A

False

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24
Q

T/F: Most adults who are single delay marriage rather than remain permanently single

A

True

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25
Q

Three major influences on children’s individual gender identities and roles are:

A

Parents, Television/Media, School

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26
Q

Three reasons for marital delay include:

A

Economic, Education/Career, Social/Sexual Revolution

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27
Q

What are three reasons people remain single?

A

Deliberate choice, fear of marriage, lack of opportunity

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28
Q

Two major problems facing married women today:

A

Role strain and role ambiguity

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29
Q

Name 3 of 7 reasons identified as “reasons for dating”:

A

For marriage, for a future family/kids, and to feel loved/less alone

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30
Q

Theory suggesting that gender roles and identities cannot be learned until children reach a certain stage of intellectual development

A

Cognitive Developmental Theory

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31
Q

Theories suggesting that gender roles have been established through genetic evolution based on biological functions of the sexes and reproductive success

A

Evolutionary Theories

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32
Q

A theory emphasizing that boys develop “maleness” and girls develop “femaleness” through exposure to scores of influences- including parents, television, school, and peers- that teach them what it means to be a man or a woman in their culture

A

Social Learning Theory

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33
Q

Never marrieds and previously marrieds who have been actively seeking a mate but have not found one

A

Involuntary Temporary Singles

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34
Q

Never married and previously marrieds who are not opposed to the idea of marriage but are not currently seeking mates

A

Voluntary Temporary Singles

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35
Q

Theories that focus on the differences in male and female behavior, and see them as the result of genetic, hormonal, and neurological influences

A

Biological Theory

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36
Q

Never marrieds and previously marrieds who choose to be single

A

Voluntary Stable Singles

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37
Q

A theory suggesting that people have definite ideas about how males and females should look and behave, based on the framework of logic and ideas used to organize information and make sense of it

A

Gender Schema Theory

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38
Q

Never marrieds and previously marrieds who wanted to marry, who have not found a mate, and who have more or less accepted being single

A

Involuntary Stable SIngles

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39
Q

Theory that explains gender as relating directly to power status in division of labor to concepts of gender identity. The view of women as subordinates in the workplace parallels the gender conception of women as less powerful, and in need of support

A

Social Structure/Cultural Theories

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40
Q

Research findings support the idea that the most complete love has three components:

A

Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment

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41
Q

What are the four criteria for assessing marital satisfaction?

A

Durability, fulfillment of needs, affection, and companionship

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42
Q

What are the four “horsemen of the apocalypse” outlined by Gottman?

A

Stonewalling, Contempt, Defensiveness, and Conflict

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43
Q

What is the number 1 problem in all three stages of early marriage?

A

Money

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44
Q

One of the six patterns of marital satisfaction that describes marriage that primarily experiences negative emotions throughout marriage; manifested as hostility and indifference; they lack positive feeling/little joy and hold a feeling of duty:

A

Stable/negative

45
Q

One of the six patterns of marital satisfaction that describes marriage satisfaction as high early in marriage; drops during middle years and rises again after children leave the home:

A

Curvilinear

46
Q

One of the six patterns of marital satisfaction that describes marriage partners experiencing gradual and more or less continuous decline in marital satisfaction:

A

Continuous decline

47
Q

One of the six patterns of marital satisfaction that describes marriage as stable but not static , maintaining moderately high to high satisfaction and general positive affection and interaction throughout the years:

A

Stable/positive

48
Q

One of the six patterns of marital satisfaction that describes marriage as never experiencing emotional closeness, but marry for other reasons and they are generally comfortable with each other; no excessive conflict:

A

Stable/neutral

49
Q

One of the six patterns of marital satisfaction that describes marriage partners increasing satisfaction as years pass:

A

Continuous increase

50
Q

Theory that states people tend to marry someone who fulfills their fantasy of what an ideal mate should be like, based partly on early childhood experiences

A

Ideal Mate Theory

51
Q

A profoundly tender or passionate affection for another person, characterized by intense feelings and emotion

A

Romantic Love

52
Q

A love based on common concerns and interests, companionship, and respect for the partner’s personality and character

A

Friendship Love

53
Q

Theory that states we select partners who will fulfill our own needs- both complementary and instrumental (opposites attract)

A

Needs Theories

54
Q

Love that one develops for someone who fulfills one’s needs

A

Dependent Love

55
Q

Unselfish concern for the welfare of another

A

Altruistic Love

56
Q

A neurotransmitter that functions in the parts of the brain that control emotions and bodily movement

A

Dopamine

57
Q

A consistent characteristic of distressed couples

A

Negative Affect Reciprocity

58
Q

Theory that states a person is likely to marry someone resembling their parent of the opposite sex

A

Parent Image Theory

59
Q

A neurotransmitter that produces feelings of attachment and union with someone; a “cuddle chemical”

A

Oxytocin

60
Q

Theory that describes mate selection as a process of filtering an weeding out ineligible and incompatible people until one is selected

A

Developmental Process Theory

61
Q

A type of love characterized by warmth, affection, and commitment

A

Companionate Love

62
Q

Love of self; selfish, self centered

A

Narcissistic Love

63
Q

A term used by Sternberg to describe love as a combination of intimacy, passion, and commitment

A

Consummate Love

64
Q

Sexual, sensuous love

A

Erotic Love

65
Q

What are 4 types of Family Power?

A

Marital, Parental, Offspring, Sibling

66
Q

One of 4 influences on the “Desire for Power” that indicates people exert power because they have learned “that it is what I am supposed to do”:

A

Social Expectations

67
Q

One of 4 influences on the “Desire for Power” that indicates people exert power because of deep-seated feelings of insecurity and inferiority:

A

Psychological Need

68
Q

One of 4 influences on the “Desire for Power” that indicates people exert power because of an internal desire to feel some control over our own lives:

A

Self-Actualization

69
Q

One of 4 influences on the “Desire for Power” that indicates people exert power in relationships based on what they learned in childhood:

A

Family of Origin

70
Q

4 Steps of Addiction Cycle

A

Preoccupation, ritualization, compulsions, despair

71
Q

Name 4 Negative Consequences of Seuxal Activity:

A

Unplanned Pregnancy, Sexually Transmitted Disease, Manipulation, Emotional Vulnerability

72
Q

Power acquired because of extensive knowledge of specific area

A

Informational Power

73
Q

The process by which one person destroys the self confidence, perception, and sense of reality of another person

A

Gaslighting

74
Q

The treat of physical force or other types of punishment to force compliance

A

Coercive Power

75
Q

Subtype of the dual earner family in which there are 2 career committed partners, both of whom are trying to fulfill professional roles that require continuous development as well as family roles

A

Dual Career Family

76
Q

In intimate relationships, the ability to influence one’s partner to get what one wants

A

Power

77
Q

The process by which two parties decide what each will give and receive in arriving at a decision

A

Bargaining

78
Q

The extent to which participation in one domain (eg work) impacts the participation fo another domain (eg family)

A

Work Family Spillover

79
Q

Conflicting messages sent when verbal messages and body language do not agree

A

Double-Bind Communication

80
Q

Power that is bestowed by society on men and women as their right according to social prescription

A

Legitimate Power

81
Q

The ability to bestow or withhold affection

A

Psychological Power

82
Q

The ways in which power is applied

A

Power Processes

83
Q

Power that is given because a person is considered superior in knowledge of a particular subject

A

Expert Power

84
Q

The power to make the important decisions that determine family lifestyle

A

Orchestration Power

85
Q

The power that sets decisions in motion

A

Implementation Power

86
Q

Blaming someone else for every bad thing that happens

A

Scapegoating

87
Q

A family in which both spouses are in the paid labor force

A

Dual Earner Family

88
Q

Compulsive sexual behavior that continues despite severe negative consequences

A

Sexual Addiction

89
Q

Ability to identify with the emotional state of another- to feel with them

A

Empathy

90
Q

Infertility is the failure to achieve a pregnancy after frequent unprotected intercourse during:

A

1 yr or 6 months for person over 35

91
Q

The percentage of pregnant women that use prenatal care is:

A

85%

92
Q

The most critical time of development- in a pregnancy- and when the baby is most vulnerable to the effects of teratogens is:

A

12 weeks

93
Q

The stages of Labor are:

A

Dilation, Birth, and Afterbirth

94
Q

One of 5 levels in the Marital Conflict Model Conflict, when issues have accumulated at this level and are hard to disentangle. Hope has diminished; frustration has grown. Because couples preceives resources as limited, power struggles and competition are easily triggered. Marital partners have lost sight of their common interests and goals; they seek to end disputes by changing each other

A

Level 3: Contest

95
Q

One of 5 levels in the Marital Conflict Model Conflict where the discord is not over issues that threaten the relationship. Real issues do exist, and tensions arise from awareness by the partners that their goals, needs, or values are in conflict. Partners at this stage perceive they have a problem but believe it can be solved

A

Level 1: Problems to Solve

96
Q

One of 5 levels in the Marital Conflict Model Conflict where alienation and antagonism are primary characteristics. The partners believe that neither can nor will change; the relationship satisfies few of their needs. The aim of interaction is to hurt each other; outsiders may be enlisted in the struggle, not in support of the marriage

A

Level 4: Fight/Flight

97
Q

One of 5 levels in the Marital Conflict Model Conflict where the discord is not only about issues but about personalities. Partners believe that they cannot resolve differences and cannot escape the relationship except by destroying each other

A

Level 5: War

98
Q

One of 5 levels in the Marital Conflict Model Conflict where partners perceive disagreement as arising from the relationship rather than from a problem. Clashes are motivated more by the need for self-protection than by the need to solve a problem. Because trust is lowered and partners feel uncertain about each other, they may avoid confrontation and may become defensive in communication

A

Level 2: Disagreements

99
Q

3 parental roles in the development of child socialization:

A

Direct Instructors, Indirect Socializers, Providers and Controllers of Opportunities

100
Q

Process of learning and education, and a means by which socialization takes place, its purpose is to instruct in proper conduct, rather than to punish

A

Discipline

101
Q

One of the principles of discipline and a key factor in influencing effectiveness

A

Consistency

102
Q

A parental/discipline style with high parental control and little warmth

A

Authoritarian Parenting

103
Q

A parental/discipline style with a fair degree of parental control while being warm and responsive to children

A

Authoritative Parenting

104
Q

A permissive parenting style characterized with warmth and caring but little parental control

A

Indulgent

105
Q

A parental/discipline style where parents are uninvolved parenting; neither warmth nor controlling

A

Indifferent

106
Q

Any action that increases the likelihood of the response that it follows

A

Reinforcement

107
Q

Any action that discourages the reoccurrence of the response that it follows

A

Punishment

108
Q

A means of parental influence in which parents tell a child what to do, when and why

A

Direct Instruction

109
Q

A mean of parental influence in which children learn what to do by watching/observing parents

A

Modeling

relationships, marriage, and family (5 decks)

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