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BNAT > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

When a patient can’t hear you, you should?

A

Check the hearing aid is turned on

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2
Q

Patients that have hearing issues make sure to

A

speak clearly

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3
Q

Patients that have difficulty communicating, the CNA should

A

Make sure to follow the care plan

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4
Q

If a patient makes a suicide verbal comment the CNA should

A

Call the nurse

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5
Q

What is an ADL flow sheet for?

A

To record ADL information (Activities of daily living)

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6
Q

When there is an emergency, make sure you

A

Stay calm

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7
Q

What a seizure starts the CNA should

A

Check the time it starts, how long it lasts

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8
Q

What side should the CNA start with when dressing a resident with an affected side

A

Start with weak side first

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9
Q

When feeding a resident with an affected side, the CNA should make sure to put food on

A

the stronger side

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10
Q

What are the steps of lateral positioning

A

turn patient on side holding shoulder and buttocks, pillow at head, under back, btwn legs, top leg does not rest on lower leg, towel or pillow under top arm, lift shoulder and hip forward to stay off pressure points

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11
Q

How do you put a gait belt on a person

A

shoes on, lock arm technique to lift and pivot, hold patient, bring belt around snuggly, buckle to side, two fingers under

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12
Q

What is used to clean a patient’s mouth?

A

sponge swab

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13
Q

how much do you have to work to keep your CNA license active

A

At least 1 day

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14
Q

how often should you turn a patient?

A

Every 2 hours

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15
Q

How often must restraints be released

A

every 2 hours

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16
Q

When a patient can’t stand up, how does the CNA weigh a person

A

use a chair scale

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17
Q

when getting a urine sample what is important not to mix

A

the stool and urine together should not mix

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18
Q

when is sputum gathered and what can’t be mixed with it?

A

In the morning when you first wake up and no mouthwash can be in the sputum

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19
Q

What is normal temp range

A

Oral 97.6 99.6
rectal 98.6-100.6
axillary 96.6-98.6
temporal artery 97.2-100.1
tympanic 96.6-99.7

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20
Q

When planning activities for Alzheimer’s disease patients what does a CNA need to know?

A

Know a patients abilities

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21
Q

how do identify a patient?

A

checking name tag and DOB date of birth

Agency?

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22
Q

if a patient is falling what should the CNA do?

A

ease them to the floor

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23
Q

What is used for mobility of the BKA

A

prosthesis below knee amputation

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24
Q

what side do you put wheelchair if patient has right weak side?

A

left side

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25
Q

which nails is a CNA not allowed to cut

A

toe nails

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26
Q

should a cna allow patients to help getting up from wheelchair

A

yes let them pull themselves up

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27
Q

how do you do intake and output calculation

A

1oz =30mL/CC
find more info for this card

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28
Q

how long do you wait to take temperature if a patient has hot or cold beverages

A

10-20min

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29
Q

what does NPO mean

A

nothing by mouth

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30
Q

what is HIPPAA

A

patient privacy rights, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

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31
Q

When should you document care?

A

As soon as care is done document in the sheet

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32
Q

what precautions are used for all patients

A

standard

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33
Q

what and where do you start ROM

A

range of motion starts at shoulder

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34
Q

how do you inventory clothing

A

label first and last name on all clothing

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35
Q

what should you do if a patient is experiencing chest pain

A

call the nurse

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36
Q

What does a CNA do if a patient is given the wrong tray

A

tell the nurse

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37
Q

when does a foley bag get emptied

A

at the end of every shift

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38
Q

what is normal respiration

A

12-20 breaths

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39
Q

what should you do if you see a pest

A

report it

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40
Q

is it ok to apply moisture barrier cream

A

yes, not medicated cream

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41
Q

what is the purpose of having an opening on top of elastic stocking?

A

to check for circulation

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42
Q

know dangling

A

feet off floor,

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43
Q

what do you do if a patient falls

A

write incident report, don’t move patient, call for help

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44
Q

where does a foley bag need to be kept

A

below the bladder

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45
Q

what does ROM prevent

A

contracture

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46
Q

NG tube feeding

A

nasogastric tube or Gtube
keep head of the bed (HOB) up at least 30degree angle for at least 1 hr

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47
Q

why is elderly usually have lower than regular temperature

A

due to a low metabolism 97.7

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48
Q

what diet does a patient with gastric irritation

A

low residue diet

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49
Q

know how to read urine in container in OZ, ML, CC

A

1oz=30ml/cc
1lb=2.2kg

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50
Q

know all ROM exercised for lower and upper extremities

A
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51
Q

what do you do in case of fire

A

Rescue, Activate, confine, extinguish RACE

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52
Q

how far apart should you apply elastic stocking and how

A

stand at the base of the bed facing the patient and feet should be 12-18in apart

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53
Q

what do you check for and how do you apply an ice pack

A

check for cyanosis, numbness, and strike to activate the ice pack, make sure to place ice and close the bag properly, 1/3 full, check bag doesn’t leak first

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54
Q

What do you need to do before giving a bath or shower

A

disinfect bathtub or shower before and after the bath

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55
Q

what kind or orientation is used at the beginning stages of dementia

A

reality orientation bringing patients back to reality

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56
Q

know the different therapies to use for AD

A

validation therapy, reminiscence therapy

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57
Q

what is the difference btwn active and passive ROM

A

active patient does, passive CNA does for patient

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58
Q

what is a tepid bath

A

warm bath one in water just under body temperature, 33° to 37°C (92° to 98°F).

look it up this is google answer

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59
Q

what needs to be done when removing a tray from isolation patient

A

The tray needs to be double bagged

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60
Q

What should you check after you apply ted hose

A

check the toes for circulation, cold, numbness, etc

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61
Q

what should you do if a family asks for health records

A

send them to the nurse for further information

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62
Q

how do you clean when doing perineal care

A

clean to dirty

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63
Q

what is bradycardia

A

Slower-than-expected heart rate, generally beating fewer than 60 beats per minute.

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64
Q

what is tachycardia

A

A rapid heartbeat that may be regular or irregular, but is out of proportion to age and level of exertion or activity.

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65
Q

what is bradypnea

A

Bradypnea,a slow respiratory rate (<12 breaths/min), is caused by medications such as narcotics and medical conditions associated with elevated carbon dioxide levels

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66
Q

what is tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid breathing

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67
Q

what is dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing.

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68
Q

what is orthopnea

A

Discomfort when breathing while lying down flat; common in people with some types of heart or lung conditions.

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69
Q

what is normal range for pulse

A

60-100

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70
Q

When collecting 24hr urine collection discard

A

the first voided specimen then start collecting. it starts in the morning and ends the next day morning 7am-7am

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71
Q

what do you need to make sure when doing a procedure

A

that both staff and patient know the procedure steps

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72
Q

how do you collect midstream urine collection

A

let patient void and collect urine in the middle of urination, label the specimen container

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73
Q

what is dangling done

A

it is done usually before getting a patient up to transfer or walking. check for dizziness before transferring. feet are not flat on the floor. feet are dangling to the side of the bed

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74
Q

when transferring a patient

A

you can raise the head of the bed and make sure to put the shoes on

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75
Q

what do you do after colostomy care

A

discard soiled things in facility approved bag

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76
Q

A resident refuse to allow nurse aide to bathe her. The nurse aide tells the resident that she will not be allowed to eat lunch if she does not eat have her bath. This is an example of

A

Verbal abuse

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77
Q

H.S care is care that is given

A

H.S. (hour of sleep) care is done in the evening or at bedtime. If the resident is dressed, they change into sleepwear. It includes washing face and hands, and oral care. Dentures are removed and cleaned.

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78
Q

the proper medical abbreviation for bid is

A

two times a day

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79
Q

the surgical bed should be left in what position

A

highest position

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80
Q

Mrs. Smith has suffered minor burns to her legs from a waste basket fire. As a nursing assistant you should

A

apply a cool wet cloth to the burn

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81
Q

You are assigned to give a complete bed bath to a resident. As a CNA, you should identify your resident by

A

check identifation for name and agency and DOB

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82
Q

The first step in performing any procedure is to

Question options:

A

Perform handwashing

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83
Q

How many minutes should a manual rectal thermometer is held in place in order to get an accurate reading?

A

No more than 2 minutes

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84
Q

When taking rectal temperature with an electronic thermometer, you should first

A

Cover the red bulb thermometer with a plastic sheath

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85
Q

The force of the blood against the blood vessel is

A

Blood pressure

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86
Q

Which blood pressure should you report?

A

98/54

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87
Q

The most common site for counting pulse is :

A

radial pulse

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88
Q

what does ROM prevent

A

contracture and atrophy

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89
Q

A patient is on bedrest, wearing a ted hose. How often should we remove ted hose?

A

At least twice a day

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90
Q

Occult blood specimen is to check for

A

blood in the stool

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91
Q

if a patient does not eat all the food on his tray, nurses aide should

A

ask the patient why he has not finished

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92
Q

When working with a resident who has urinary retention , the nurse aide can expect that the client will

A

be unable to urinate

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93
Q

When a resident is on Intake and Output the nurse’s aide should record

A

All the liquids resident drinks

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94
Q

A resident who is on strict Intake and Output consumed the following during Breakfast: 4 ounces of oatmeal, 6 ounces of coffee, and 8 ounces of milk, 3 oz of Jello, 100 cc water . Calculate the intake in ccs?

A

610CC

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95
Q

When caring for a person with traction, nursing assistant should

A

keep the weights off the floor

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96
Q

A trochanter roll is used

A

keep the hip in alignment

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97
Q

The charge nurse asks the nurse aide to place Mr. smith in Fowler’s position after breakfast. How should the aide position the patient?

A

Lying with head of the bed elevated at 90- degree angle

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98
Q

Mrs. Jones complains of lower back pain and you asked her to rate the pain. The resident states the pain is 5 out of 10. You should first

A

Ask the resident what usually relieves the pain?

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99
Q

When giving sitz bath to resident, as a nursing assistant you should

A

Immerse the affected body part in water

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100
Q

When applying cold treatment to a patient, it is important to observe the patient closely for signs of

A

Cyanosis

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101
Q

after every three to four bites of food.

A

Offer fluid

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102
Q

If the client needs a bed or fracture pan,

A

place a protective pad under the client to protect their bed linens. If able, have the client roll to one side, place the pan under his buttocks, and raise the head of the bed up so the client is in a more natural “seated” position. When the client is finished, lower the head of the bed, remove the bedpan, and cleanse and dry the perineal area.

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103
Q

what do veins do

A

vessel that carries blood to the heart

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104
Q

what to look for from stool output

A

COCA color Oder consistency Amount

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105
Q

what position for recital temp

A

left sims position

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106
Q

how to promote normal urination

A

raise head of the bed

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107
Q

what do arteries carry to all body parts

A

oxygenated blood to all body parts

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108
Q

what do veins carry to the heart

A

deoxygenated blood to the heart

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109
Q

the force of blood against the blood vessel is

A

blood pressure

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110
Q

what is the aorta

A

is the largest artery of the body and carries blood from the heart to the circulatory system. It has several sections: The Aortic Root, the transition point where blood first exits the heart, functions as the water main of the body.

111
Q

what observations to report

A

micturition, voiding

112
Q

what is normal adult output

A

1200-1500cc, 500cc every 8hours

113
Q

when body tissues swell with water

A

edema

114
Q

how many cc is 1 quart

A

1000cc/ml

115
Q

what is RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation

116
Q

when a person is moved to a new room who is told about the transfer

A

the new roommate

117
Q

signs of approaching death

A

decreased responsiveness

118
Q

hematuria, frequency, dysuria are the signs of

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy BPH

119
Q

Assistive devices help residents

A

perform ADL’s

120
Q

which of the following factors does affect how a person handles pain

A

culture, past experiences, rest and sleep

121
Q

how often should you check vital signs after surgery

A

every 15min for first hour, ever 30 for 2nd hour, every 1hr for next 4hrs

122
Q

Mrs. A has mild dementia and doesn’t want morning care done, what rights were violate if CNA does it anyway

A

freedom from coercion and invasion of privacy

123
Q

type of therapeutic baths include

A

tepid, whirlpool, sitz bath

124
Q

what do pupils do when death has occured

A

the pupils dialate

125
Q

what happens when heat is applied to an area

A

blood vessels dialate

126
Q

What is log rolling

A

moving patient as a whole unit

127
Q

when do you use sims position

A

rectal temp and enima

128
Q

walking with walker you

A

weak leg first then strong leg

129
Q

what does foot board prevent

A

foot drop

130
Q

what does a bed cradle do?

A

keeps covers from resting on legs and feet

131
Q

how should you reposition patients?

A

make sure they are in a straight line

132
Q

what is an AFO

A

ankle foot orthotic

133
Q

what is chronic pain

A

it is always there like arthritis

134
Q

what is acute pain

A

pain for a few hours, comes and goes

135
Q

what is it called if you have low blood pressure

A

hypotension

Low blood pressure is also known as hypotension. People with a reading of around 90/60, or less, are commonly regarded as having low blood pressure. Some people who have low blood pressure experience symptoms as a result of it. There may be an underlying cause that could need treatment

136
Q

using any heat or cold must be ordered by

A

a doctor

137
Q

what do you do if a patient is hemoraging

A

apply pressure

138
Q

what are signs of shock

A

Cool, clammy skin
Pale or ashen skin
Bluish tinge to lips or fingernails (or gray in the case of dark complexions)
Rapid pulse
Rapid breathing
Nausea or vomiting
Enlarged pupils
Weakness or fatigue
Dizziness or fainting
Changes in mental status or behavior, such as anxiousness or agitation

139
Q

Sign of hypoglycemia-

A

sweating

140
Q

when a patient has discomfort when urinating

A

dysuria

141
Q

How many people are needed for the hoyer lift

A

at least 2 people

142
Q

Why do we use an abductor pillow

A

to avoid dislocating the operative hip. it immobilizes and positions the hips and low extremities

143
Q

What are signs and syptoms of CVA/stroke

A

difficulty speaking, weakness on one side of body, temp loss of vision, numbness or tingling

144
Q

what is difficulty communicating

A

aphasia

145
Q

difficulty swallowing

A

dysphagia

146
Q

No

A

Number

147
Q

why do we have to provide mouth care for patients in final stages of life

A

since their mouth becomes dry they breath through their mouth

148
Q

what is elopement and how to prevent

A

use wander guard

149
Q

places more emphasis on emotional aspect of a conversation and less on the factual content

A

validation/affirmation therapy

150
Q

letting patients know that others have shared similar experiences and responses. symptoms are common and not wrong

A

normalization therapy

151
Q

what are the sex hormones

A

men-testosterone female-estrogen and progestrogen

152
Q

complications of bed rest

A

pressure sores, weak muscles, circulation, blood clots

153
Q

purpose of SCD boots and binders for post op patients

A

SCD (sequential compression devices ) help prevent blood clots by a method of DVT (deep vein thrombosis) prevention that improves blood flow in the legs

154
Q

method of assisting a patient to become familiar with their environment, reduces confusion and inappropriate behaviors

A

reality orientation

155
Q

helping people feel contented and peaceful by recalling happy times from their past

A

remininscence therapy

156
Q

complications of a hot application

A

blisters, burns,pain,

157
Q

How do you support the wet cast

A

With the palm of your hand

158
Q

What can a low BP lead to if you don’t report it

A

Shock

159
Q

What part of the hand washing procedure gets ride of germs

A

friction

160
Q

a resident is complaining of a headache, dizziness and his skin is cold and clammy. what condition are they probably experiencing.

A

hypoglycemia, warm and dry blood sugar high
cold and clammy eat some candy

161
Q

after a resident is discharged, what is the procedure called that the CNA does when cleaning a room?

A

Disinfection

162
Q

an essential procedure when collecting a 24hr urine test

A

keep urine refrigerated

163
Q

resident is showing signs and symptoms of shock. the nurse is controlling the bleeding and maintaining an open airway. resident is lying down. how can NA assist the nurse?

A

if the face is pale, raise the tail (elevate the ft 6-12in this helps blood flow back into vital organs and the heart and helps raise the blood pressure

if the face is red, raise the head

164
Q

what is the most common mental health disorder in elderly

A

depression

165
Q

what is a hot soak

A

putting the residents feet in a a soak to relax and decrease joint stiffness

166
Q

after a resident has a been given ibuprofen to help bring down a fever what else can the CNA do to help the resident?

A

encourage fluids

167
Q

resident has a security device that is to be secured to his clothes, how is it applied

A

it needs to be secured with a quick release clip

168
Q

how do you convert the lbs to kilograms(kg)

A

1lb =2.2kg

169
Q

what information is found on a patients wristband

A

Name
room number
bed number
DOB
Age
Doctor

170
Q

when doing CPR, how many breaths are given

A

2 breaths every 30 compressions

171
Q

what is a bland diet and which residents are placed on it

A

bland diets are foods that are non-irritating. they are served at moderate temps. no strong spices or condiments. intestinal disorders are after abdominal surgery

172
Q

what is a diabetic meal plan

A

the same amount of carbs, fat, and protein are eaten at the same time each day. diabetics need to eat meals at regular times each day. it needs to be reported to the nurse when the resident did and did not eat

173
Q

what care does a CNA do for AM care

A

prepare a person for breakfast
assist with elimination
clean incontinent person
change wet or soiled linens and garments
assist with face, hand washing
oral hygiene
assist with dressing and hair care
make bed and straighten rooms
ROM

174
Q

when collecting a stool specimen from a resident, the nurse assistant must take stool from

A

2 different areas of stool

175
Q

You assess your patient and he has a fever of 102.1, HR 101, RR 22. The patient appears sweaty. He most likely has what?

A

The patient most likely has an infection. This patient’s temperature is high, he has tachycardia and tachypnea. The fever is the number one sign for infection. The tachycardia and tachypnea is the body trying to compensate for the fever.

176
Q

Which is the BEST way to take an apical pulse?

A

The heart is located on the left side of the chest so the best place to listen for the apical pulse is left of the sternum. The apical pulse should be between 60-100 beats per minute in an adult patient.

177
Q

you are performing CPR on an adult patient. At what rate should you use to properly provide CPR?

A

100-120 compressions per minute

178
Q

You are performing CPR on an adult patient. What is the correct depth per compression you should use?

A

2inches

179
Q

You are performing CPR with a second rescuer available to you. You are performing chest compressions. The second rescuer is giving oxygen via bag and mask. At what rate should the second rescuer provide breaths to the patient is cardiac arrest?

A

2 breaths every 30seconds

180
Q

how many ML of urine output should a patient have per hour

A

You would be concerned about 350 mL in the Foley catheter bag after 12hrs because the patient could be leaning toward acute kidney failure. A patient should have a minimum of 30 mL/ hr of urine output. 62.5 is the goal. The charge nurse should be notified immediately of this patient’s urine output.

181
Q

what kind of food would be of concern of a patient on strict dysphagia precautions

A

OJ
Typically when a patient is on strict dysphagia precautions they will require thickened liquids. The orange juice should be thickened with a thickener in order for the patient to consume it. The CNA/nurse should look at the MD orders to determine which consistency the orange juice is to be thickened to (I.e. Honey or nectar).

182
Q

You have a patient who is sweating, has a low heart rate, fruity smelling breath, and can barely speak to you. What is the next step you would take?

A

Sweating, low heart rate, fruity breath can indicate glucose changes. The first step is to obtain a POC glucose so that you can report the glucose reading to the nurse in charge.

183
Q

signs of a stroke

A

It is common for the patient to have drooping of one side of the face while having a stroke. This is often called asymmetrical drooping. With asymmetrical drooping, If you ask the patient to smile and they smile, one side of the lips will not move. It is also common for one sided eye drooping to occur.

184
Q

You are using a pulse oximeter on a patient. You know a pulse oximeter is used to measure what?

A

Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive way of measuring peripheral oxygen in the patient’s blood. This reading is less accurate than an arterial oxygen reading. However, the pulse oximetry reading is very close to the arterial reading.

What do certain pulse oximeter readings mean? A resting oxygen saturation level between 95% and 100% is regarded as normal for a healthy person at sea level. At higher elevations, oxygen saturation levels may be slightly lower.

185
Q

Today a usually pleasant patient is having cognitive delays, is hitting and kicking, and does not know who the staff are. Which condition is the patient likely experiencing?

A

It is common for patients 65 years of age and older adults to have a UTI. A UTI in the older adult population can cause significant acute cognitive impairments. The CNA should report this to the nurse in charge.

186
Q

Which of the following interventions should the CNA use to promote skin integrity?

A

Areas where bones are close to the surface (called “bony prominences”) and areas that are under the most pressure are at greatest risk for developing pressure sores. In bed, body parts can be padded with pillows or foam to keep bony prominences (areas where bones are close to the skin surface) free of pressure.

187
Q

the nurse exposed the patients genitals while she changed the bandage on his lower left thigh. What did the CNA violate for the patient?

A

Invasion of privacy

188
Q

What sequence is correct for donning the required personal protective equipment for isolation procedures

A

wash hands
put on disposable gown
put on mask
put on goggles
put on gloves

189
Q

Which of the following statements is the correct process for using sphygmomanometers, tympanic thermometers, and stethoscopes

A

follow manufactures guidelines

190
Q

What do you do when a patient begins to fall?

A

help lower the patient to the floor by spreading your feet and bending you knees

191
Q

when taking a patients rectal temp what step should you take immediately after you expose the patients buttocks

A

attach the rectal probe to the thermometer after removing the thermometer pack from it charger. then place plastic cover on the thermostat that you would lubricate the probe then use your one dominant hand to expose the patients anus

192
Q

when taking a patients blood pressure where should you place the bell of the stethoscope diaphragm

A

brachial artery

193
Q

what are the signs or symptom of extreme blood sugar levels in hypoglycemia patient

A

they would not be sluggish

he would appear to be in an irritable or confused mood. during extreme blood sugar levels they would have shallow respirations
rapid and weak pulse
no change in speech, clammy, cold, pale skin

194
Q

a patient has had their analgesic increased. what should CNA do?

A

an analgesic is a strong pain medication which can cause the patient to become confused or experience constipation. Watch for the patient for a change in alertness as this could be a sign of confusion

195
Q

The patient would not be quiet during dinner, so the nurse isolated her in the closet for two hours. Which of the following options BEST identifies this action?

A

involuntary seculsion

196
Q

Which of the following chronic diseases is NOT responsible for affecting the thinking and reasoning processes of elders?

A

Tuberculosis is not a chronic disease that is responsible for affecting the thinking and reasoning processes of elders. Tuberculosis is a communicable disease (a contagious disease), not a chronic disease (only affects one person). Tuberculosis is a bacterium that affects a person’s lungs and immunity system, but it is not known for affecting one’s thinking and reasoning processes. A stroke, arteriosclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease are all chronic diseases that have the potential to affect one’s thinking and reasoning processes.

197
Q

what is atherosclerosis?

A

Atherosclerosis is a hardening of your arteries caused by gradual plaque buildup. Risk factors include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise and a diet high in saturated fat

198
Q

what are some age-related condition that all residents must adapt to?

A

The age-related conditions that do affect all residents are: they are at an increased risk for chronic illnesses; they will experience changes in their ability to move; they will experience vision and hearing loss; they will have a reduced ability to feel pain; and they will have varying sleep habits.

199
Q

You are assigned a hemiplegia patient. Which of the following options BEST describes what the patient’s medical condition is?

A

A hemiplegia patient is one whose body is paralyzed on the right or left side. A paraplegia patient is one whose lower half of his or her body is paralyzed. A quadriplegia patient is one whose limbs (both arms and legs) are paralyzed. Thrombosis is the medical term used to describe a patient who has blood clots in his or her lower extremities.

200
Q

The nurse punched out the patient’s medications and placed them in the trash without giving them to the patient. After two days of not receiving his medications, the patient was in severe pain. Which of the following options BEST identifies this action?

A

Negligence is an act that results in patient harm due to the nurse omitting care to the patient or incorrectly providing care to the patient. In this question, the patient was in unnecessary pain because the nurse was negligent by not giving the patient his medications. Neglect is an act that results in patient harm due to the nurse ignoring his or her needs. Abuse is when the patient suffers from physical or mental harm that was either committed or threatened. Battery is when a patient is subjected to unlawful personal violence

201
Q

Which of the following is NOT an abnormal reaction to analgesia?

A

Diarrhea is not an abnormal reaction to analgesia.

Analgesia is a medication given to reduce a patient’s pain. If a patient should experience an adverse drug effect, or an abnormal reaction, to analgesia, the symptoms would include a sudden drop in blood pressure, a sudden drop in respirations, a rash, emotional distress, or dyspnea (rapid breathing). If one of your patients should show any of the previous symptoms, you should notify his or her nurse immediately.

202
Q

Which of the following personal qualities is a nursing assistant demonstrating when he or she accepts his or her own limitations?

A

Honesty is the personal quality in which the nursing assistant demonstrates his or her acceptance of his or her own limitations, along with understanding the job’s duties and holding oneself accountable for what he or she does. Caring is the act of having an earnest concern for the patients’ safety and wellbeing and having the willingness to care for and about the patients. Dependability is your employer’s ability to count you to show up for work and to care for your patients. Accountability is your ability to perform the job duties for which you have been trained and to bring up any concerns privately with your immediate supervisor.

203
Q

Which of the following options is the primary cause of death for individuals who are 85 years or older?

A

Injuries related to falling is the primary cause of death for individuals who are 85 years or older and the second primary cause for those who are 65 years or older. As individuals age, their eyesight worsens, making it more difficult for elders to maneuver in the dark. Elders are also more at risk of falling because aging affects their mobility; therefore, they are less stable on their feet.

204
Q

Which of the following options BEST describes MRSA?

A

MRSA is best described as a life threatening skin disease that spreads through the blood stream. MRSA is a communicable disease that if left untreated it could affect the nursing facility’s entire population. Scabies is a skin rash that is caused by an infestation of tiny mites. Shingles is a viral skin condition that infects the patient’s nerve path.

205
Q

All of the following are physical signs that a resident is in pain EXCEPT:

A

Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a physical sign that a resident is in pain.

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a physical sign of pain. Tachycardia (increased pulse), tachypnea (increased respirations), and dyspnea (difficulty breathing) are all physical signs of pain. Other indicators of pain can include: sweating, grunting, crying, or moaning.

206
Q

If you are asked to place a patient in the Sim’s position, how will you place them?

A

The Sim’s position is when a patient is positioned on their side with his or her undermost arm positioned at his or her back. The lateral position is when a patient is on their side with both arms positioned in front of him or her. The supine position is when a patient is on their back with the arms at his or her sides. The orthopneic position is when a patient is sitting up leaning over his or her overbed table.

207
Q

When taking the patient’s radial pulse the first time, you find that his pulse rate is 45 BPM. Which of the following actions should you take next?

A

If a patient has an irregular pulse rate of 50 BPM or less, you should recount the patient’s pulse for 60 seconds. If the patient’s pulse rate is still under 50 BPM after counting it the second time, you should notify his or her nurse immediately, as it could indicate a serious condition. When taking a patient’s pulse rate, you should always place him or her in a sitting or supine position.

208
Q

When measuring a patient’s blood pressure for the very first time, what process should you follow?

A

When measuring a patient’s blood pressure for the very first time, you should measure the blood pressure in both arms and use the second measurement as the patient’s baseline. Then for every subsequent reading, you should use the patient’s arm that had the highest initial measurement. If a patient has had a mastectomy, you need to be sure to take the patient’s blood pressure using the unaffected arm.

209
Q

When applying a condom catheter, what do you need to do?

A

When applying a condom catheter, you need to leave a one-inch space between the catheter and the penis. You would never want to encircle the penis with tape, as it may cause a tourniquet effect; however, you would want to secure the catheter by applying tape in a spiral direction. You would also want to tape the catheter to the patient’s inner thigh, not his lower abdomen.

210
Q

One of your patients is blind and it is your responsibility to assist with feeding her lunch. While feeding the patient you should do all of the following

A

When you are feeding a patient who is blind, you should not keep silent. You should socially interact with the patient during mealtime to increase patient satisfaction. You should also be sure to inform the patient as to what she will be eating, provide ample time between bites to conserve energy, and provide the patient with liquids to sip.

211
Q

Which of the following actions do NOT decrease with age?

A

An elderly patient needs just as much sleep as any other adult; therefore, their need to sleep does not decrease with age. It is essential that an elderly patient has time to rest and to take naps, as it is essential for the patient’s health. An elderly patient’s appetite does decrease with age, along with their need to urinate or pass feces from their body.

212
Q

When providing denture care for your patients, you should do all of the following

A

You should not carry the patient’s dentures in your gloved hand to the sink for cleaning.

In order to transport the patient’s dentures to the sink, you should place them in a denture cup before transporting them. You should always use cool or tepid water for cleaning, rinsing, and storing dentures. You should also line the sink with paper towels in order to reduce the risk of breaking the patient’s dentures if you should drop them.

213
Q

abd

A

abdomen

214
Q

ABR

A

absolute bedrest

215
Q

ac a.c.

A

before meals

216
Q

AMA

A

against medical advice

217
Q

ax.

A

axillary (armpit)

218
Q

BPM

A

beats per minute

219
Q

BR

A

bedrest

220
Q

BRP

A

bathroom privileges

221
Q

BSC

A

bedside commode

222
Q

c

A

with

223
Q

CBR

A

complete bed rest

224
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

225
Q

cl liq

A

clear liquid

226
Q

c/o

A

complains of

227
Q

CS

A

central supply

228
Q

CXR

A

chest xray

229
Q

DAT

A

diet as tolerated

230
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

231
Q

Dx/dx

A

diagnosis

232
Q

FF

A

force fluids

233
Q

FWB

A

full weight bearing

234
Q

geri-chair

A

geriatric chair

235
Q

HBV

A

hepatitis B virus

236
Q

HOB

A

head of the bed

237
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

238
Q

hyper

A

above normal, too fast, rapid

239
Q

hypo

A

low, less than normal

240
Q

I&O

A

intake nd output

241
Q

LOC

A

loss of consciousness

242
Q

LTC

A

long term care

243
Q

MDS

A

minimum data set

The Minimum Data Set (MDS) is part of a federally mandated process for clinical assessment of all residents in Medicare or Medicaid certified nursing homes. This process entailsa comprehensive, standardized assessment of each resident’s functional capabilities and health needs

244
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

Heart attack

245
Q

mod

A

moderate

246
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

247
Q

N/C

A

no complaints, no call

248
Q

NG, ng

A

nasogastric

249
Q

NKA

A

no known allergies

250
Q

NV

A

nausea and vomiting

251
Q

NWB

A

non-weight bearing

252
Q

OBRA

A

omnibus budget reconciliation act

253
Q

OOB

A

out of bed

254
Q

OSHA

A

occupational safety and health administration

255
Q

p

A

after

256
Q

pc

A

after meals

257
Q

PO

A

by mouth

258
Q

prn

A

when necessary

259
Q

PWB

A

partial weight bearing

260
Q

q

A

every

261
Q

R

A

respirations, rectal

262
Q

R/O

A

rule out

263
Q

RR

A

respiratory rate

264
Q

s

A

without

265
Q

SDS

A

safety data sheet

266
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

267
Q

SP

A

standard precautions

268
Q

ss

A

one-half

269
Q

S&S

A

signs and symptoms

270
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) isa temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. A TIA usually lasts only a few minutes and doesn’t cause permanent damage. Often called a ministroke, a TIA may be a warning

271
Q

TRP

A

temperature, pulse, respiration

272
Q

U/A

A

urinalysis

273
Q

VS

A

vital signs

274
Q

w/c

A

wheelchair

BNAT (6 decks)

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