Final Dec 8 9:30 Flashcards
Both liquids and gases are fluids
true
The higher the API gravity the heavier the liquid
false the lighter the liquid
Solution gas is in the liquid state not the gaseous state
true
Associated gas includes solution gas and gas-cap gas
true
Associated gas occurs in association with crude oil
true
The drilling string is made up of 40 foot joints of steel pipe screwed together
false 30 foot joints
Directional drilling was developed when the industry move offshore several decades ago.
false has been around
gas dissolved in oil under initial reservoir pressure and temperature
solution gas
most common type of drill bit
tri-cone drill bit
this is used to hang the drill-string from the rig floor
the slips
the member of the operating crew that is in charge of overall operation
tool pusher
the members of the operating crew that has the duty of checking and maintaining all rig equipment.
roughneck
the foreman of the drilling crew is the
driller
tool used to make-out or breakup the pipe joints is the
tong
name the part that transfers torque from the rotary system to the drill string
kelly
the density measure used for petroleum liquids is
API gravity
a substance that flows and yields to any force tending to change its shape
fluid
hydrocarbon are in a gaseous state at standard conditions of 1 atmosphere and 60 deg farh is
petroleum gas
the minimum saturations of oil, water, or gas in the reservoir that causes the causes the fluid to be a continuous medium and therefore producible
critical saturation
Gas from solely gas reservoir where no black non condensate oil is present is
non associated gas
gas trapped in the top of the structure above the oil leg is called
gas cap
All the artificial drive mechanisms such as water flood, CO2 flood, and steam injection, etc.
enhanced recovery
producing the reservoir using only natural reservoir energy is
primary recovery
a process that adds energy to the reservoir following the primary recovery is
secondary recovery
this makes up the bulk of the drill string
drill pipe
the top most joint of drill pipe in the drill string is
the kelly
Thick walled joints of drill pipes used to put weight on the bit
drill collars
attached to the traveling block and support the load is the
drill hook
a large rotating drum that spools in drilling line to raise the load or spools out line to lower the load
draw works
removing oil drill pipe is not a function of
mud
one of the signs that a blow out is about to occur
increase in drill stem weight
What is BOP
blow out preventor
What is meant by the fish
part of the drill string left in the hole
used to drill most land-wells
jackknife rig
this is used to hang the string from the rig floor
slips
protruding fingers that hold stacked pipes in place
finger board
a hole in the rig floor where kelly and swivel are stored when not in use.
rat hole
a hole in the rig floor where a joint of pipe is placed prior to being added
mouse hole
this is used to lift the pipe string
elevator
use to make up and break out the pipe joints
tongs
crude oil or rock oil was a byproduct of the salt drilling process
true
the east Texas oil field produced less oil in world war 2 than all the Axis powers combined
false they produced more
East Texas oil was found at what depth 36000ft
false 3600 ft
Edwin Drake first oil well came in like a gusher
no it was pumped
Oil was refined to extract what product
kerosene
The first oil well was drilled in what state
Pennsylvania
prior to widespread use of oil, what was used for illumination
kerosene
The discovery well for the East Texas Oil fields was
daisy bradford #3
Of the 30,000+ wells drilled in east texas during the boom there was less than _______ dry holes
75
The east texas oilfield when discovered was larger than the next ________ largest fields combined.
6
The east texas oilfield is located on what formation
Woodbine
the famous oil man H L Hunt also was the original owner of the
kansas city chiefs
The texas ranger sent to kilgore
lone wolf gonzales
The worlds richest acre had how many wells in a city block
24
Illegal oil was called bootleg oil or
hot oil
how much was a cheverolet on the wall in oil museum
445
one major problem in the early oilfield was
over production
the person who drilled edwin drakes first producing well was
uncle billy smith
where was spindle top located
Beumont
What was the name of John D. Rockefeller company
standard oil
What was the term for racing to produce as much oil out of a reservoir before the competition nearby could get it
flush production
the fraction of the rock volume that is pore space usually represented in percent
porosity
marketable natural gas remaining after removal of heavier hydrocarbons and impurities is
residue
before being ruled a monoply john d. rockefellers oil company controlled about how much of the u s refining capacity
90%
Ancient plankton are believed to be the source of
petroleum
Ancient vegetation is believed to be the source of
natural gas
methane, ethane, propane, and butane are defined as
petroleum gases
A substance made of hydrogen and carbon is called a
hydrocarbon
the process of breaking larger molecules into smaller ones is known as
fracking
rock formation with adequate porosity and permeability to function as a petroleum reservoir is called
reservoir rock
the smaller the hydrocarbon molecule the more
volatile the substance
The larger the hydrocarbon the greater its
viscosity and the darker its color
in the early days of the petroleum industry this was used to determine the best location to drill
oil seeps
The theory visualizing the earths crust as large moving parts is called
plate tectonics
4D seismic surveys adds the component of
time
landmen are usually
lawyers
a fraction of the revenue from a well that is paid to the land owners is
royalty
a commitment to drill a specific number of wells in the primary term is
drilling obligation
this type of drilling was stopped by regulations that the bottom hole location of each well will be surveyed upon completion of drilling
slant hole
the maximum barrels per day a field is allowed to produce
well allowable
when a host government expropriates a companies holdings
nationalization
a foreign national employed in a foreign country is
expatriate
virtually all major discoveries in the united states are found by
independent oil companies
impermeable rock contain petroleum within a trap is called
cap rock
a fixed share of revenue clear of cost from the sale of oil and gas from a property is
royalty interest
natural occurring gases, predominately methane
Natural gas
Drilling from surface locations in one field diagonally to a reservoir under a neighboring reservoir
slant hole
A person that drills wells some distance from existing producing wells
wildcatter
THE CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN THE PORES OF A ROCK
permeability
an upward formation fold
?anticline
an unsuccessful well
?dry hole
Molten rock material originating within the earth
?magma
a fracture of the earth’s crust where one side has moved relative to the other
/fault
Movement of reservoir fluids through a permeable formation driven by density differences
/migration
Geologic features where petroleum could accumulate
trap
Upward extrusion of salt from deep salt formations
salt dome
Naturally occuring hydrocarbon compounds
petroleum
Marketable natural gas remaining after removal of the heavier hydrocarbons and impurities.
residue gas
movement of rock fragments by fluid current
erosion
the solid surface of the earth
crust
permanent packers are run and set on tubing or a wireline and set with a
small explosive charge
retrievable packers are run integral with (______ _____ _____) the production tubing string.
screwed directly into
The well casing is not used as the conduit for production the _____ ____ is used.
production casing
Gravel packing procedure is very expensive and is successful only ____% to ____% of the time
50-60
A continuous foot by foot record of the hole as it is being drilled is a
Drilling operators log
Explain why coring is done
To get a sample of the actual subsurface rocks
What is the purpose of a productivity test on a reservoir fluids characteristics before production starts
To decide if the well will produce commercially
Surface casing in onshore Wells
Protects near surface potable water zones
Surface casing is normally how many feet deep
A few hundred feet
Casing and it’s surrounding cement sheath isolates downhole zones so that
They can be produced separately
The current system for perforating the case and uses what to penetrate the casing
Jet perforators
When two reservoirs are produced simultaneously but separately using two strings of tubing and two Packers in the same well it is called
Dual completion
In drilling, the space between the drill string in the hole is called
Annulus
Master valves, from valves, lubricator valves, safety valves, and a choker are all parts of the
Christmas tree
A highly permeable formation may produce freely without a stimulation treatment this is called
Natural completion
This is the most effective stimulation treatment for the tight sandstones typically encountered in older more consolidated continental sediments
Hydraulic fracturing
This is the most widely used sand control measure
Gravel packing
Loading the hole with the fluid dense enough to over balance the formation and prevent flow into the wellbore is
Kill a well
To make a producing well out of the hole
Completion
After a well has been producing for a while it is often necessary to reenter and repair it this is called
Work over
These are constructions in the tubing used to latch various tools such as through tubing bridge plugs, down hole chokes,beam pumps etc.
Seating nipples
This is extra thick or rubber coated joints of tubing run opposite casings perforations to prevent sand erosion
Blast joints
This will shut off the tubing automatically in case of an emergency at the surface
Sub surface safety valves
These are operated by wireline to open or close ports connect in the tubing to the anulus
Sliding sleeves
In the United States oil wells spacings are typically 40, 80 or
160 acres
Spacing gas fields typically uses 640 acres basing due to
Fluid viscosity
Very large floating self-propelled vessel usually anchored, but sometimes dynamically positioned. drilling position is partly submersed gain stability
Semi submersible rig
Buoyant offshore platform consisting of a vertical cylinder affixed to bottom an stabilized by anchor lines
spar
Offshore wells with Christmas trees at the mud rather than above the water on a platform
Subsea completion
The solution to corrosion and hydrogen sulfide problems and deep wells is to use what kind of pipe
Nickel alloy
Used when a lubricator is attached to perform through-tubing well service
Crown valves
Is an orifice that is varied in size to control the wells flow rate
Choke
Automatically shuts in the well if unsafe conditions occur
Safety valve
Is normally used for routine opening and closing of the well
Wing valves
Used to shut in the well
Master valves
Used to rapidly spool off tubing into the hole
Coiled tubing units
Single strand wire used for routine maintenance of gas lift valves, chokes, sliding sleeves and for cutting paraffin accumulated in the tubing
Slickline wireline unit
Mobile on shore units using and jointed tubing as a work string
pulling units
Drilling rigs often left on Deepwater platforms
Conventional drilling rigs
Multistrand electrical conductor and wire
Electrical conductor and water line units
