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Bioc-321 > Final (ch 3) > Flashcards

Final (ch 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Base pairs of DNA

A

A+T, G+C

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2
Q

Base pairs of RNA

A

A+U, G+C

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3
Q

Purines have this structure

A

double ring

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4
Q

purines

A

A,G

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5
Q

Pyrimidines

A

T,U,C

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6
Q

Pyrimidines have this structure

A

single ring

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7
Q

DNA (full name and why)

A

deoxyribose

-H at carbon 2 of pentose

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8
Q

RNA (full name and why)

A

Ribose

-OH at carbon 2 of pentose

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9
Q

The base attaches to this carbon

A

C1

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10
Q

The phosphate attaches to the sugar at this carbons

A

C3

C5

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11
Q

nucleoside =

A

base + sugar

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12
Q

nucleotide _

A

base + sugar + phosphate

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13
Q

nucleotides link thorugh these types types of bonds

A

5 - 3 phosphodiester bonds

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14
Q

A+T hydrogen bonds

A

2

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15
Q

G+C hydrogen bonds

A

#

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16
Q

How long are the bonds

A

10.85A

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17
Q

most abundant form of DNA in nature

A

B-DNA

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18
Q

This DNA has 11 base pairs/turn

A

A-DNA

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19
Q

Left handed helix in this DNA

A

Z-DNA

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20
Q

these are both right handed helix DNA

A

B-DNA

A-DNA

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21
Q

Eukaryotic DNA with this charge wraps around these with this charge resulting in this

A

negative
histones
postivie
chromatin

22
Q

each ‘bead’ on the string is this

A

nucleosome

23
Q

Melting point of DNA is this

A

temp 1/2 of DNA is denatured

24
Q

This is a reason DNA will have a higher melting point

A

[G-C] > [A-T]

25
Q

DNA to DNA

A

replication

26
Q

DNA to RNA

A

transcription

27
Q

RNA to protein

A

Translation

28
Q

RNA to DNA

A

Reverse transcription

29
Q

R to T to T =

A

replication to transcription to translation

30
Q

RNA transcription is made from this

A

non-coding DNA strand (3-5) howerver RNA is made 5-3

31
Q

encodes for pp sequence

A

mRNA

32
Q

carries AA to ribosome

A

tRNA

33
Q

aids in polypeptide synthesis

A

rRNA

34
Q

These lack 3’ -OH group

A

ddNTP

35
Q

Method which uses ddNTP to sequence DNA

A

sanger method

36
Q

What is required to make PCR work

A

heat stable DNA polymerase

37
Q

PCR repeats these three chemical reactions

A

denaturation of dsNDA to ssDNA
Annealing, primers can pase pair to ssDNA
Extension, 72*C is optimal temp for heat stable DNA polymerase to work

38
Q

Role of restriction enzymes in nature

A

aid in defense for bacteria

39
Q

bacteria do this to their DNA, bacteriaphages do not

A

methylate their DNA

40
Q

EcoRI has this type of ends

A

sticky ends

41
Q

EcoRV has this type of sticky ends

A

blunt ends

42
Q

Gel for seperating DNA fragments by size is made of this

A

agarose

43
Q

these are naked DNA molecules

A

plasmids

44
Q

Plasmids are dependent on this

A

host cell’s proteins for replication

45
Q

This is a method of introducing single AA protein as a result of a mucation at a specific site in the DNA

A

side-detected mutagenesis

46
Q

incorporation of what would result in chain termination during sequencing of DNA

A

ddNTP

47
Q

The 5’ end of a polynucleotide contains this while the 3’ end contains this

A

posphate group

hydroxyl group

48
Q

the backbone of a nucleic acid consists of

A

phosphodiester bond between the 3’ and 5’ hydroxyl gorups of neighboring sugars

49
Q

Name a molecule that contains a phosphoanhydride bond

A

ATP

50
Q

What is the correct order of steps in a PCR reaction beginning with double stranded DNA

A

Strand separation
primer annealing
primer extenstion

51
Q

what term describes a small circular molecule of DNA that can be sued to transfer genetic material from one organism to the other

A

plasmid

Bioc-321 (5 decks)

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