Final (ch 21)

Question 1

transcirption and translation are seperated in time and space in these but coupled in these

Answer 1

eukaryotes

prokaryotes

Question 2

extensive processing of primary RNA transcripts in these cells

Answer 2

eukaryotic

Question 3

T/F: RNA primer is needed for transcription

Answer 3

F

Question 4

The nucleotide at the 5’ end of the RNA chain retains this

Answer 4

triphosphate

Question 5

The enzyme for RNA synthesis binds to and moves along the DNA template in this direction

Answer 5

3’-5’

Question 6

Average half life of mRNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 6

3 min

30 min

Question 7

rapidly degraded by nucleases

Answer 7

mRNA

Question 8

T/F: all genes encode proteins

Answer 8

F, some encode rRNA and tRNA

Question 9

This drives the chain elongation

Answer 9

hyrdolysis of the PPi

Question 10

A typical eukaryotic gen cinsits of this many exons

Answer 10

eight

Question 11

this percent of human genome may undergo transcription to produce noncoding RNA’s

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

T/F: the template strand is not the coding strand

Answer 12

T, non-template strand is the coding or sense strand

Question 13

each triplet of nucleotides is called this

Answer 13

codon

Question 14

codons for a particular protein are called this

Answer 14

structural gene

Question 15

RNA polymerase moves this stream

Answer 15

downstream (+)

Question 16

DNA segement going the opposite direction of the RNA polymerase

Answer 16

upstream (-)

Question 17

Sequences immediately upstream from the start site for transcription are this

Answer 17

promoter

Question 18

The whole unit of promoter and structural genes is called this

Answer 18

operon

Question 19

-10 region

Answer 19

TATA box

Question 20

-35 region

Answer 20

TTGACA box

Question 21

RNA polymerase is this type of enzyme

Answer 21

processive enzyme

Question 22

Promoter structure (3) going upstream in bacteria

Answer 22

transcription start site (0)
pribnow box (-10)
-35 region

Question 23

the area from the -35 region to the TSS is this

Answer 23

core promoter

Question 24

Stages of transcription

Answer 24

binding of RNA polymerase holoenzyme at promoter sites
initiation of polymerization
chain elongation
chain termination

Question 25

This are base sequences that are complementary so that they can loob back on themselves and end transcription

Answer 25

inverted repeats

Question 26

controlled by specific sequences, termination sites

Answer 26

intrinsic termination

Question 27

second type of termination involves a special protein called

Answer 27

rho

Question 28

T/F: RNA transcription is apparently carried out by immoble protein compleses that reel in DNA

Answer 28

T

Question 29

In eukaryotes the key change in transpormation of silent to active chromatin is this

Answer 29

acetylation of histones

Question 30

eukaryotic promoters have a variety of these

Answer 30

consensus sequences

Question 31

These recognize eukaryotic promoters and unwind DNA to form a transcription bubble

Answer 31

transcription factors

Question 32

Genes that are always transcribed

Answer 32

constitutive or housekeeping genes

Question 33

genese that are only transcribed when needed

Answer 33

regulated

Question 34

Operons often have to be induced by certain these

Answer 34

inducers

Question 35

These hydrolyze lactose to free galactose and glucose

Answer 35

B-galactosidase

Question 36

transporter for uptake of B-galactosides

Answer 36

lactose poermease

Question 37

Number of proteins produced by the lac operon

Answer 37

3

Question 38

t/f: operons with multiple protein-coding regions are common in prokaryotes but not eukaryotes

Answer 38

T

Question 39

This determins the binding of CAp to the promoter of the lac operon

Answer 39

cAMP

Question 40

The lac operon transcription is an example of this type of regulation

Answer 40

positive regulation

Question 41

Eukaryotic mRNA recieve a 5’ this and a 3’ this

Answer 41

cap

poly (A) tail