Final - Ch 12 Flashcards
Relatively few true nation-states exist. Which of the following comes closest to meeting the definition?
Poland
Which of the following was considered to be an exclave?
West Berlin
Which is the least efficient shape administratively for a state?
Elongated
Among the social institutions that promote nationalism, the three most important are____
schools, the military, and state religion.
Associations of three or more states created for mutual benefit and to achieve shared objectives are examples of _______.
supranationalism
Within the contiguous zone, a state has recognized rights to explore, exploit, conserve and manage natural resources.
False
The association of capital with core is common in the unitary states.
True
The 49th Parallel is used as part of the boundary of United States and Canada. It can be considered as a geometric boundary.
True
Short-Answer Question
What are the four types of relationships between states and nations?
There is the nation-state relationship where the state’s territorial extent coincides with that occupied by a distinct nation or people. Then there is the multinational state relationship which contains no more than one nation and no single ethnic group dominates the population. Next is the part-nation state relationship where a single nation is dispersed across and predominant in two or more states. And finally there is the stateless nation relationship with is a people without a state.
Short-Answer Question
What are centripetal forces and centrifugal forces in political geography? How do they affect a state’s stability?
Centripetal forces promote state cohesion and they involve nationalism, unifying institutions, organization/administration, and transportation/communication networks. Centrifugal forces challenge state authority and they involve subnationalism, separatism, devolution, and regionalism. Stability is affected all the way around with these two. There needs to be a proper balance, and usually there is not. When one is “heavier” than the other on the hypothetical scale, then there is imbalance which leads to a lot of instability. (?) Needs Grading
Essay Question.
What spatial characteristics differentiate states from one another? How do these spatial characteristics affect a state’s political stability and economic development?
There are three spatial characteristics that differentiate states from one another: size, shape, and location. These three combined can affect the stability, but they can also individually affect stability. Size affects stability because the larger a state’s area, the greater the natural resources are so the better the economic stability. But also, the larger the state’s area is, it can be bad for political stability. A state’s shape can affect its stability as well. If it is a bad shape, like elongated states for example, then there can be a struggle both politically and economically. But if the state is a good shape, like the compact states, then political and economic stability levels out more and is a lot better. Location overall affects a states ability to function, especially relative location. In addition to affecting ability to function in general, absolute location also affects a state’s ability to cultivate land and extract natural resources.
Video Reflection Question
According to our textbook, what is gerrymandering?
According to this video, how was the word gerrymandering created?
What are packing and cracking in gerrymandering?
According to the textbook gerrymandering is the practice of drawing the boundaries of electoral districts so as to give particular candidates or classes of candidates an electoral advantage beyond the share of the electorate that supports them. Gerrymandering is basically the unfair and unjust manipulation of voting districts.
According to the video gerrymandering was created because Elbridge Gerry, the governor of Massachusetts, signed a bill that allowed the redistribution and restructuring of districts so that he and his party could win the election. This new layout looked kind of like a salamander, so they combined that with his name and Gerrymandering was made.
Packing is drawing district lines and packing in your oppents into as few districts as possible. Cracking is taking one district and cracking it into several pieces. It’s usually done in districts where the opponent has many supporters. It breaks up voting blocks and helps the opponent get less votes.
