Final - Ch 10 Flashcards
The comparison of different amount of currencies which are used to buy the same amount of goods or service in different countries is an economic measurement of development. It is known as____.
Purchasing power parity
Which of the following statistics is reversely related to the development level of a country?
The percentage of workforce in the agricultural sector
Based on the North-South line of the 1980 Brandt Report, which country is not in the Global North?
India
A country can move along the continuum from less developed to more developed by means of _____.
Technology transfer.
According to the physical geography explanation, poverty and underdevelopment are associated with_____
Tropical conditions.
“Emerging economy” is considered a more positive synonym for “underdeveloped economy” when discussing world development.
True
Gross National Income (GNI) is the total market value of all final goods and service produced annually within the border of a country.
False
-Gross Domestic Production (GDP) is the total market value of all final goods and service produced annually within the border of a country.
Per-capita energy production is generally positively correlated with per-capita income, degree of industrialization, and use of advanced technology.
False
-Per-capita energy consumption is generally positively correlated with per-capita income, degree of industrialization, and use of advanced technology.
Short-Answer Question
What are Rostow’s six stages of economic growth? Which stage is the most critical?
Rostow’s six stages of economic growth are 1) traditional societies, 2) preconditions for takeoff, 3) takeoff to sustained growth, 4) the drive to maturity, 5) the age of mass consumption, and 6) the postindustrial stage marked by the rise of services that replace secondary activities. The most critical stage is stage 3, the takeoff to sustained growth.
Short-Answer Question
How is the dependency theory related to the core-periphery model? Why has the dependency theory been criticized?
The dependency theory is an extension of the core-periphery model. It extends the core-periphery model into the international scene. It has been criticized for treating developing countries as passive victims.
-The dependency theory extends the core-periphery model into the international scene and claims the development of the advanced core nations depended upon the underdevelopment of the peripheral nations.
Essay Question
What is the core-periphery model? What are the optimistic and pessimistic perspectives towards this model? How is the world system theory related to the core-periphery model?
The core-periphery model, within developing countries, is the modernization that often includes a modern “core” of capitalist production integrated with the global economy alongside a traditional “periphery” with subsistence wages. The optimistic perspective is that income convergence will occur as trickle-down effects (spread effects) work to diffuse benefits outward from the center. It diffuses from the core to the periphery. The pessimistic perspective of this model says that economic growth sets in motion a process of circular and cumulative causation, which works to polarize development and leads to a permanent divide between prosperous cores and depressed peripheral districts. The world system theory extends the core-periphery model to the entire capitalist world economy.
-(The world system theory extends the core-periphery model to the entire capitalist world economy.) In contrast to dependency theory, world system theory acknowledges countries can shift from a peripheral position to a core position. A semi-periphery of newly industrializing countries (NICs) occupies an intermediate position between core countries and peripheral countries.
Video Reflection Question
Describe some of the “transformative” ways dealing with hunger and malnutrition that can change the world.
How could changing our mindsets to end world hunger be an “opportunity” for humanity?
There are many things that can be done to transform hunger and malnutrition and change the world. Breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months, and giving moms enough enrichment are two very big things that could help. Food for humanity, cheap food/packaging will help a lot too. Sending food to schools brings enrollment up. This keeps kids in school for longer, and helps the girls to have healthy babies who aren’t malnourished one day. Digital food card is also becoming popular which allows people to get 9 nutritious, locally produced, items for their families.
The biggest question that she asks is “What if we see these hungry people as the solution instead of as the victims?” This could be huge in changing our mindsets to end world hunger. We could have the opportunity to help these people grow and get their own food and good jobs, instead of just feeling sorry for them.
