Final Flashcards
How do you determine the cause of a disease?
Koch’s postulate
Relative ability of a pathogen to cause disease
Virulence
Pathway of pathogenesis
Exposure; Adherence: Invasion: Infection: Toxicity or Invasiveness: Disease
Presence of bacteria in the blood stream
Bacteremia
Bloodborne systemic infection
Septicemia
Molecules produced by organisms to increase pathogenicity
Virulence factors
Virulence factor pathogens produce enzymes that
Enhance virulence by breaking down or altering host tissue to provide access to nutrients; protect the pathogen by interfering with normal host defense mechanisms
Give an example of a virulence factor
Salmonella
Proteins released from pathogen cell as it grows
Exotoxin
Three categories of exotoxins
Cytotoxins, AB toxins, Suprantigen toxins
Compare/Contrast Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Innate: Nonspecific, non-inducible, does not need previous exposure
Adaptive: Dependent of previous exposure
T cells and B cells
Nonspecific reaction to noxious stimuli
Inflammation
Biocontrol heat
Kills by oxidation
Autoclave
Kills microbes and spores at 121C
Pasteurization
Heat sensitive liquids; 63C, 72C
Radiation
Light to sterilize and disenfect
Depth filtration
Sheets or mats of fibrous paper, cellulose or glass
Membrane filters
Sterilization, uniform pore size
Antimicrobials that inhibit microbial growth without killing them
-static
antimicrobials that kill microbes
-cidal
Antimicrobials that kill microbes by lysing them
-lytic
Advantages of a biofilm
Trap nutrients for growth, prevent detachment of cells, self defense, live close together
