Final- 50 questions

Question 1

Acclimation

Answer 1

physiological adjustment that occurs gradually, tough still reversibly, in response to an environmental change

Question 2

photic zone

Answer 2

zone is a fresh water biome. shallow water near shore or the upper layer of water away from the shore; region of an aquatic ecosystem where sufficient lght is available for photosynthesis

Question 3

Benthic realm

Answer 3

zone in freshwater biome. the floor of a river/lake. made up of sand and organic and inorganic sediments, occupied by communities of organisms called benthos.

Question 4

aphotic zone

Answer 4

zone in freshwater biome, where light levels are too low to support photosynthesis.

Question 5

exponential growth

Answer 5

graph looks like an exponential graph (x^2). expansion of a population in an ideal, unlimited environment. common in certain situations like fire, flood, hurricane, etc. because remaining organisms have a chance to reproduce without competition.

Question 6

Logistic growth

Answer 6

limiting factors effecting carrying capacity. the growth rate decreases as the population size approaches carrying capacity.

Question 7

Competitive exclusion principle

Answer 7

populations of 2 species cannot coexist in a community if their niches are nearly identical. using resources more efficiently and having a reproductive advantage, one of the populations will eventually outcompete and eliminate the other.

Question 8

What does disturbance allow?

Answer 8

a pioneering species to come back through

Question 9

threats to biodiversity

Answer 9

Habitat destruction (the BIGGEST threat to biodiversity), invasive species, overexploitation, and pollution

Question 10

interspecific competition

Answer 10

(-/-) the interaction is negative for both species

Question 11

Trophic structure levels and an example of an organism at each level

Answer 11

producers (plants), primary consumers (herbivore ugs), secondary consumers (carnivore mice), tertiary consumers (carnivore snakes) quaternary consumers (carnivore hawks)

Question 12

what happens when you go up the trophic levels of an energy pyramid/food chain?

Answer 12

much of the energy is lost at each link in the food chain. pyramid of production.

Question 13

Density dependent factor

Answer 13

a limiting factor whose occurrence and effects are not related to population density. ie competitors, food, increasing the death rate

Question 14

density independent factor

Answer 14

a limiting factor whose occurrence and effects are not related to population density. ie weather, fire, floods

Question 15

BIOMES 3 main levels

Answer 15

Freshwater, marine, terrestrial

Question 16

freshwater biomes

Answer 16

lakes and ponds, rivers and streams, wetlands

Question 17

terrestrial biomes

Answer 17

tropical forest, savanna, desert, chaparral, temparate grassland, temperate broadleaf forest, coniferous forest, tundra, polar ice

Question 18

levels of ecology

Answer 18

organismal, population, community, ecosystem

Question 19

Stage 1

Answer 19

(s) skeleton woodland, bare soil. this way for 1 to 2 years

Question 20

stage 2

Answer 20

(s) annuals appear

Question 21

Stage 3

Answer 21

(s) perennials, shrubs start

Question 22

stage 4

Answer 22

(s) trees start, shrubs more

Question 23

stage 5

Answer 23

trees get tall, more common and rapid growth

Question 24

stage 6

Answer 24

taller trees, limbs at ground level

Question 25

stage 7

Answer 25

closed canopy, no ground cover, little or no shrubs