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Special Senses > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

The tympanic reflex, involves which muscle and nerve combination?

A

Tensor tympani and stapedius muscles, both controlled by facial.

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2
Q

Which is primarily responsible for maintaining the integrity of the fxn of the middle ear?

A

Eustachian tube

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3
Q

In the normal RIGHT ear, where do you expect to see the cone of light?

A

5 o’clock

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4
Q

When the cone of light is seen at 3 o’clock and the manubrium appears to be horizontally oriented, the tympani membrane is most likely:

A

Retracted

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5
Q

Patient presents w/ an itching external auditory canal and states that when they scratch it they experience a burning pain. You suspect:

A

Otomycosis externa

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6
Q

Swimmer’s ear is most commonly associated w/:

*

A

Pseudomonas infection

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7
Q

Which of the following presentations can cause a conductive hearing loss?

A

Tympanosclerosis

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8
Q

A patient presents w/ bilateral ear pain. They have had an upper respiratory infection for 6 days. They just returned from a vacation in the Bahamas. You examine the ears and note bluish-grey tympanic membranes. Given their complaint and appearance of membranes you suspect:

A

Serous otitis media

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9
Q

This condition is caused by a rxn of the periosteum resulting from stimulation of the auditory canal by repeated exposure to cold water:

A

Exostosis

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10
Q

What is the correct sequence of events in the development of otitis media?
*

A

Eustachian tube blockage, fluid stasis, infection of fluid, tympanic membrane retraction, serous otitis media, purulent otitis media, tympanic membrane rupture/burst.

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11
Q

Which of the following conditions can be a result of chronic and repeated middle ear infection?
*

A

Cholesteatoma

or Scarring (Sclerosis) on diff test

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12
Q

An abnormal sensation of movement, usually rotatory, associated w/ difficulty maintaining balance is called:

A

Vertigo

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13
Q

This condition is described to involve recurrences of sudden attacks of whirling vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss, w/ nausea and vomiting at the peak. When the attack subsides there is a residual low level tinnitus and a resulting hearing loss. It is called:

A

Menierre’s syndrome

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14
Q

This condition presents w/ hyperemic vessels across the tympanic membrane which is usually bulging, landmarks are obscured, w/ significant pain and the drum may perforate:

A

Acute purulent otitis media

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15
Q

Complication of endolymphatic hydrops (meniere’s) include which of the following:

A

Neural hearing loss

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16
Q

Complications of repeated purulent otitis media include:

A

Facial nerve paralysis

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17
Q

The perception of sound in the absence of an acoustic stimulus describes:

A

Tinnitus

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18
Q

This condition is often the result of recurrent inner ear infections:

A

Bullous myringitis

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19
Q

This cyst-like mass is filled w/ cellular debris, has a cottage cheese appearance, and is most common in the middle ear that can spread to the skull and even into the cranium causing CNS dysfunction:

A

Cholesteatoma

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20
Q

The most common cause of conductive hearing loss is:

*

A

Cerumen (Wax)

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21
Q

Which of the following conditions is least likely to be associated w/ tympanic membrane perforation?

A

Cholesteatoma

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22
Q 
Clear drainage (otorrhea) seen after head trauma is highly suspicious of:
*
A

CSF

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23
Q

When performing the otoscopic exam, you must take care not to exert pressure on the very sensitive ____ wall of the external canal.

A

Anterior

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24
Q

This painful ear condition is associated with vesicles on the tympanic membrane:

A

Bullous myringitis

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25
Q

This condition is a result of repeated blunt trauma to the pinna:
*

A

Cauliflower ear

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26
Q

These nodules are a result of deposits of uric acid crystals in the pinna:

A

Tophus

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27
Q

This condition presents as a small elevation in the rim of the pinna that is a harmless congenital variant:
*

A

Darwin’s tubercle

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28
Q

The fustenberg diet is usually recommended for people who are experiencing complaints related to which of the following disorders?

A

Labyrinthine hydrops

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29
Q

The frequency range that the human ear is most sensitive to is:

A

20 - 20000 hz

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30
Q

It is recommended by OSHA that hearing protection be used in which of the following noise exposure situation:

A

> 85 db for >4 hours

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31
Q

Hearing loss associated w/ chronic and prolonged exposure to loud sounds:

A

Starts around 4000 hz and spreads w/ time to the remainder of the frequencies.

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32
Q

The hearing loss is associated w/ meniere’s disease (syndrome)

A

Starts around 200 hz and spreads w/ time to the remainder of the frequencies

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33
Q

The discharge associated w/ acute rhinitis is:

*

A

Watery and clear discharge but may turn purulent

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34
Q

In allergic rhinitis, the nasal mucosa appears:

A

Pale, swollen and edematous

35
Q

Ozena is associated w/:

A

Atrophic rhinitis

36
Q

Nosebleed is often a simple complaint, however, it can be serious or even life threatening if associated w/:
*

A

Hypertension

37
Q

The primary concern when evaluating spontaneous epistaxis is:

A

To take the patients blood pressure

38
Q

The appearance of the pharynx that is strongly suggestive of strep throat is:

A

Bright red mucosa, studded w/ white or yellow follicles.

39
Q

Trench mouth is associated w/:

A

Fusobacterium ploutivincenti

40
Q

Vincent’s stomatitis is associated w/:

A

Gum infection and very bad breath

41
Q

Ammonia smelling breath is associated w/:

A

Ketonemia

42
Q

Musky smelling breath is associated w/:

A

Liver disease

43
Q

Black hairy tongue is associated w/:

A

Asperfillus niger (fungus)

44
Q

White hairy tongue is associated w/:

A

Candida albicans

45
Q

Magenta cobblestone tongue is associated w/:

A

Riboflavin deficiency (B2)

46
Q

Scrotal tongue is associated w/:

A

Transverse furrows

47
Q

Geographic tongue is associated w/:

A

Transient, denuded patches

48
Q

Strawberry tongue is associated w/:

A

Red enlarged fungiform papillae

49
Q

What happens to ear when ear drum is retracted?

A

Manubrium gets horizontally oriented

50
Q

Definition of vertigo:

A

A feeling of motion when one is stationary.

51
Q

What is the triad of symptoms of Meneire’s disease (aka Endolymphatic hydrops)

A

Hearing loss, Vertigo, Tinnitus (ringing of ear)

52
Q

Cholesteatoma common in middle ear, cottage cheese appearances, spreads into skull and can affect CNS

A

Medial side of ear drum; more tissue on squamous mastoid cells

53
Q

Tympanic membrane perforation:

A

Fluid leaks out and the membrane scars over

54
Q

The nodules you get in the pinna from a deposit of uric acid crystals symbolizes a problem w/:

A

Purine metabolism

55
Q

Primary lesion of syphilis:
Causative agent:
*

A

Chancre; Treponema pallidum

56
Q

What is a nevis?

A

Mole

57
Q

What is actinic keratosis?

A

Precursor to basal cell carcinoma - you can scrape it off

58
Q

Vocal chords that are subjected to extended vocal abuse develop vocal nodules. What should you recommend?

A

Vocal rest

59
Q

What is the layer of skin that lies below the dermis?

A

Subcutaneous

60
Q

Macule =

A

Flat lesion

61
Q

Papule =

A

Raised lesion

62
Q

Pustule =

A

Lesions containing pus

63
Q

Vesicle =

A

Blister-like eruptions

64
Q

Bullae =

A

Large, fluid containing lesions

65
Q

Nodule (aka tumors) =

A

Hard to the touch

66
Q

Pruritus =

A

Itching

67
Q

Inflammation of the hair follicle?

A

Foliculitis

68
Q

Cellulitis should be followed by drawing a line of _____?

A

Demarcation

69
Q

T/F: Herpes type 1 is oral in nature

A

True

70
Q

Patient presents w/ painful red rash that doesn’t cross the midline. What other information would aid you in making your diagnosis?

A

History of varicella virus

71
Q

What is the fungus that normally occurs in the scalp known as?

A

Tinea capitis

72
Q

What is the fungus that normally occurs in the inguinal region?

A

Tinea cruris

73
Q

What is the fungus that normally occurs on the bearded areas of the face?

A

No such thing…ok fine:

Tinea barbae

74
Q

What is the fungus that normally occurs under the fingernails

A

Tinea unguium

75
Q

What is the fungus that normally occurs on the trunk of the body?

A

Tinea corpus

76
Q

Thrush is usually associated w:

A

Candida albicans and a suppressed immune system

77
Q

Scabies is known as the 7 year itch b/c:

A

The life cycle repeats and the eggs burrow into the skin

78
Q

The appearance on the pharynx that strongly suggests strep throat is:

A

Bright red mucosa and yellow/white spots

79
Q

What is the grey pseudo-membrane?

A

Diptheria

80
Q

Penicillin is the most likely cause of what skin irritation syndrome?

A

Steven’s johnson’s syndrome - allergic to penicillin

81
Q

What is most common cause of a decubitus ulcer?

A

Bed sore so: Demobilization

82
Q

This disorder is characterized by red, crackled, and bleeding scales, mouse-ear deformities, and sausage digits:

A

Psoriatic arthritis

83
Q

The purpose of this structure is to collect and direct sound to the tympanic membrane:

A

Auricle

Special Senses (4 decks)

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