Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Radiation Physics > Final... > Flashcards

Final... Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

Exponential Attenuation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Types of Attenuation Coefficients

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Energy Transferred

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Net Energy Transferred

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Energy Imparted

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Kerma

A

Units: Gy or J/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Collision Kerma

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Absorbed dose (D)

A

Units: Gy or J/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Exposure (X)

A

Units: C/kg or R

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dose Equivalent (H)

A

Units: Sv or rem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Effective Dose Equivalent

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Number of Photon Interactions (n)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mean Free Path or Relaxation Length

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Buildup Factor (B)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Conditions required for Radiation Equilibrium (RE)

A
  • The atomic composition of the medium is homogeneous
  • The density of the medium is homogeneous
  • The radioactive source is uniformly distributed
  • There are no electric or magnetic fields present to perturb the charged-particle paths, except the fields associated with the randomly oriented individual atoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Conditions required for Charged Particle Equilibrium (CPE)

A
  • The atomic composition of the medium is homogeneous
  • The density of the medium is homogeneous
  • There exists a uniform field of indirectly ionizing radiation (the rays must be only negligibly attenuated by passage through the medium)
  • No homogenous magnetic or electric fields are present
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CPE

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Causes for CPE failure

A
  • Inhomogeneity of atomic composition within volume V
  • Inhomogeneity of density within volume V
  • Non-uniformity of indirectly ionizing radiation within volume V
  • Presence of a non-homogenous electric or magnetic field in V
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Transient Charged Particle Equilibrium (TCPE)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Interactions of Photons with Matter

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Photoelectric

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Compton

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pair and Triplet Production

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Photonuclear

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Flourescence yield

A

The fluorescence quantum yield gives the efficiency of the fluorescence process. It is defined as the ratio of the number of photons emitted to the number of photons absorbed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Q_max equation

A

Know Derivation!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Q_max for different particles

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Ratio of Radiative to Collisional Stopping Power

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Critical Energy

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Radiation Yield

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Range Straggling

A

for statistical reasons, particles in the same medium have varying path lengths between the same initial and final energies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

CSDA Range

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Assumptions made in Dose Calculation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Light Charged Particle definitions for Dose

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Energy Absorbed in Thin Slab (Light Charged Particles)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Dose due to Light Charged Particles (thin slab)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Dose due to Light Charged Particles with Energy Spectrum (thin slab)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Radiation Length (thin slab)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Dose due to Heavy Charged Particles (thin slab)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Light Charged Particle in thick slab energies

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Radiation Yield

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Energy spent in collisions (thick slab)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Light Charged Particles in Thick Slab energies corrected

A
44
Q

Dose in thick foil due to light charged particle

A
45
Q

Energy imparted to thick foil by light charged particles

A
46
Q

Heavy Charged Particle Thick Slab Residual R_CSDA

A
47
Q

Heavy Charged Particle Energy left over thick slab

A
48
Q

Heavy Charged Particle Dose in Thick Foil

A
49
Q

Electron Backscatter

A
  • When incident to a material, electrons backscatter due to nuclear elastic interactions which reduces dose near the surface. This effect is large for materials with high Z, low T0 and thick slabs.
  • We need to correct for this in thick foils, but not in thin foils.
  • Infinitely Thickness, ∞ - the maximum thickness, that an electron can backscatter; For electrons, this thickness is half of the maximum penetrating depth, tmax/2
50
Q

Electron Energy Backscattering Coefficient

A
51
Q

Backscattering electron number

A
52
Q

Maximum Scatter angle of Bremmstrahlung

A
53
Q

Bremsstrahlung Production

A

Proportional to Z^2 and inversly proportional to A

54
Q

Energy Transfer Derivation

A
55
Q

Relativistic Case Energy Transfer

A
56
Q

Linear Stopping Power

A

The rate of energy loss per unit path length by a charged particle in a medium

57
Q

Mass Stopping Power

A

Dividing the Linear Stopping Power by the density of the medium

58
Q

Two Types of Stopping Powers

A
59
Q

Radiative Stopping Power

A
60
Q

Bethe Mass Collision Stopping Power Approximation

A
61
Q

Mean Ionization Potential of the Medium

A
62
Q

Relationships to Bethe Formula

A
63
Q

Corrections to Bethe’s Expression

A
64
Q

Bethe Corrected Equation

A
65
Q

Range vs Projected Range

A
66
Q

Range for Particles

A
67
Q

Stopping Time

A
68
Q

Bragg Curve

A
69
Q

Ionization Constant

A
70
Q

Dose in the gas

A
71
Q

Assumptions in Cavity Theory

A
  • The cavity is thin so that its presence does not perturb the charged particle field.
  • Charged particles originating in the cavity don’t contribute to the absorbed dose in the cavity.
72
Q

Bragg-Gray Cavity Theory Assumptions

A
  • The scattering properties do not change for heavy particles and electrons
  • Charged particles that enter the cavity were generated elsewhere
  • Charged particles could originate in the wall from indirectly ionizing radiation
  • Charged particles do not stop in the cavity
  • The density of gas is very low compared to the solid
73
Q

Bragg-Gray Cavity Theory can be applied for

A
  • Charged particles entering from outside the vicinity (high energy charged particles)
  • Charged particles generated inside the wall from gamma rays or neutrons
74
Q

General Equation for Dose in a medium

A
75
Q

Derivation of Cavity Theory Pt. 1

A
76
Q

Derivation of Cavity Theory Pt. 2

A
77
Q

Derivation of Cavity Theory Pt. 3

A
78
Q

Conclusions and Comments on B-G Cavity Theory

A
79
Q

First Corollary of B-G relation

A
80
Q

Second Corollary of B-G relation

A
81
Q

Cavity Theory Example

A
82
Q

Spencer Derivation Assumptions

A
  • N identical particles emitted per gram, each with kinetic energy T0
  • CPE exists at cavity
  • Bremsstrahlung radiation is neglected
83
Q

Dose and Flux in Spencer Derivation

A
84
Q

Spencer Derivation Pt. 1

A
85
Q

Spencer Derivation Pt. 2

A
86
Q

Spencer Derivation Pt. 3

A
87
Q

Spencer with Bremsstrahlung

A
88
Q

Averaging of Stopping Powers

A
89
Q

Estimating the mass collision stopping power

A
90
Q

Why use Spencer?

A
91
Q

Size Parameter Delta

A
92
Q

Equilibrium spectrum including delta rays

A
93
Q

finding R(T,T0)

A
94
Q

Spencer using R(T,T0)

A
95
Q

Contrast between Spencer and B-G

A
96
Q

Ultracold Neutrons

A
97
Q

Very Cold Neutrons

A
98
Q

Cold Neutrons

A
99
Q

Thermal Neutrons

A
100
Q

Epithermal Neutrons

A
101
Q

Fast Neutrons

A
102
Q

High Energy Neutrons

A
103
Q

Energy Transferred to a nucleus from neutron

A
104
Q

Energy Transferred in Neutron Units

A
105
Q

Neutron Energy after collision

A
106
Q

Neutron Spallation

A

Spallation occurs when a fast neutron n penetrates the nucleus and adds sufficient energy to the nucleus so that is disintegrates into many small residual components such as alphas and protons

Radiation Physics (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions