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Advanced Patient Assessment > Final: 3 Quizzes > Flashcards

Final: 3 Quizzes Flashcards

1
Q

What does fetid mean?

A

Foul smelling

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2
Q

Weak muscles of breathing and airway obstruction are associated with COPD patients have a weak _______

A

Cough

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3
Q

To minimize bony interfereance with percussion on the posterior chest wall, what should the practitioner have the patient do?

A

Raise his or her arms above the shoulders

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4
Q

The patient interview is done in what space?

A

Personal space

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5
Q

In the presence of nausea and vomiting, a hx of cirrhosis of the liver suggests what organ as a source of hematemesis?

A

esophagus

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6
Q

While palpating the chest of a pt who says “99”, you note there is an area of increased fremitus, over lower lobe. What is it?

A

Pneumonia only

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7
Q

Cheyne stokes breathing is associated with what disorders?

A

Central nervous system disorder, CHF

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8
Q

Blood tinged sputum is?

A

Hemoptysis

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9
Q

Deep and fast breathing is most likely associated with?

A

DKA

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10
Q

If patient has a fever, what does their RR look like?

A

Faster

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11
Q

Irritablility is an early sign of low oxygen

T/F

A

True

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12
Q

Inflamed pleural membranes can cause localized pain that can be heard with auscultation

T/F

A

True

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13
Q

What do grading system do we use for the degrees of dyspnea?

A

Modified Borg Scale

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14
Q

What is the hypothalamus responsible for regulating?

A

Body temp

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15
Q

What is Orthodeoxia?

A

oxygen desat on assuming an upright postion

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16
Q

What does orthodeoxia accompany?

A

Platypnea

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17
Q

What is trepopnea?

A

lying down on one side relieves dyspnea

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18
Q

What is trepopnea associated with?

A

CHF or pleural effusion

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19
Q

136-145 mEq/L is the normal value for what?

A

Normal serum sodium level

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20
Q

What can lead to hyponatremia? (low sodium)

A

severe vomiting, excessive water intake, CHF

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21
Q

What is an approx. normal Hbg level?

A

14 gm/dl

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22
Q

WBC count that is above normal value is?

A

Leukocytosis

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23
Q

Magnesium is used in the tx of atrial fibrillation

T/F

A

False

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24
Q

What test is used to eval. renal function?

A

Creatinine

25
Q

What is indicated by an elevation of the anion gap?

A

Metabolic acidosis

26
Q

Total Co2 is linked to what electrolyte in the blood serum?

A

Bicarb

27
Q

What happens to the blood when there is significant hypoxemia?

A

Polycythemia : trying to compensate for the lack of O2 so body makes more RBC, even though there is no O2 to latch on to it.

28
Q

D-dimer will be found in what conditions?

A

PE, DVT, and disseminated intravascular coagulation

29
Q

What is a D-dimer?

A

product of the breakdown of fibrin clots that form in vasculature

30
Q

What does fibrin do?

A

Holds blood clots together

31
Q

What WBC exists as two types B cell and T cells?

A

Lymphocytes

32
Q

What abnormal lab value is seen in a patient with TB?

A

Increase in monocytes

33
Q

What type of leukocytosis is seen in pts with viral infection?

A

Lymphocytosis

34
Q

A high lactate level is important to recognize bc it coincides with respiratory acidosis.

T/F

A

False

35
Q

3.5-5 mEq/L is what normal serum level?

A

Potassium

36
Q

Potassium is associated with maintaining what?

A

Normal heart, kidney, and acid base balance

37
Q

Patient is in metabolic alkalosis, what lab value should we look at?

A

Potassium
Bc metabolic is renal function

38
Q

A patient receiving heparin has a prothrombin time (PT) of 19 sec and an International Standardized Ratio (INR) of approximately 5.0, what does this indicate

A

High likely hood of excessive bleeding

39
Q

What are the 3 types of coagulation studies?

A

Platelet count
APTT: partial thromboplastin time
PT/INR: international normalized ratio

40
Q

_____ assess clotting factors in the intrinsic and common pathways by measuring the length of time required for plasma to form a fibrin clot

A

APTT

41
Q

What is the normal amount of time a APTT should take?

A

25-35 seconds

42
Q

A longer APTT indicates what?

A

Pt has higher likelihood of bleeding

43
Q

____ assess clotting factors in the extrinsic and common pathways

A

Prothrombin time (PT)

44
Q

____ standardizes PT test results between labs

A

PT/INR

45
Q

What is the normal reference range for PT/INR?

What # indicates high likelyhood of bleeding

What # indicates increased clotting

A

Normal: 0.8-1.2

Bleeding: 5.0

Clotting: 0.5

46
Q

APTT monitors what kind of therapy?

PT/INR monitors what kind of therapy?

A

APTT: IV heparin therapy

PT/INR: warfarin therapy

47
Q

You are auscultating a pt and hear fine crackles. Pt coughs but it does not change. You ask nurse about their nutrition status. What should you ask?

A

Do you know if their I’s and O’s are where they should be?

48
Q

Decreased phosphate levels can result in decreaed O2 being delivered to the tissues

T/F

A

True

49
Q

Fluoroscopy is used during what procedures?

A

Cardiac catherization and bronchs (active visuals)

50
Q

On a AP film what # of posterior ribs should be visible above diaphragm?

A

6-7

51
Q

What is not a way for the RT to minimize their ionizing radiation exposure?

A

Dosimetry

52
Q

What is nitrogen balance useful in determining?

A

adequacy of protein intake

53
Q

Direct calorimetry measures what?

A

Heat produced and given off by the body, it is measured in calories

54
Q

What does indirect calorimetry measure?

A

Metabolic cart measures energy expenditure by measuring O2 consumption and CO2 production

55
Q

What is associated with low protein diet?

A

Immune compromise, edema, ascities

56
Q

What confirms presence of intrapulmonary disease?

A

air bronchogram

57
Q

Lateral decubitus view on CXR can be used to see…..

A

if there is pleural fluid or blood present in chest

58
Q

High fat diet can decrease PaO2

T/F

A

True bc too much can impair gas diffusion across AC membrane

Advanced Patient Assessment (4 decks)

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