Final (3) Flashcards
Why is the nile river so significant?
It was a great place for agriculture as the annual flooding helps with moisture and growth of vegetation. It was also an important trading channel.
What is the predynastic period in egypt?
4500 - 3000 B.C. Upper egypt and lower egypt were ruled by different leaders. We see the expansion of agriculture, population increasing, increasing signs of social inequality.
What are mastabas?
In the late predynastic, they are small mud buildings that people are buried in.
What is the Dynastic period in egypt?
3000 B.C. Unification of upper and lower egypt. Depicted on the Narmer Palette.
What is the Narmer Palette?
Vivid scenes of conquest of Narmer on a stone palette.
What are Hieroglyphics?
The picture-writing of ancient Egypt.
What is the Rosetta Stone?
Stone tablet with three types of script: hieroglyphics, demotic and greek.
What is demotic?
The local everyday language of egypt.
Why is rosetta stone so important?
Because the scripture is written in three languages. They couldn’t understand the hieroglyphs but since it’s also written in greek, they could decode it and better understand hieroglyphs.
What is a pharaoh?
Title of the king of ruler of ancient Egypt. The believed the pharaoh was the human reincarnation of “harus” (a god).
What was the Old Kingdom Period?
2575 - 2134 B.C. Pyramids at Giza were constructed during this period. Most of the pyramids were constructed during this period.
What is Djoser’s Pyramid?
2650 B.C. in Saqqara. The earliest known pyramid built.
What are the Pyramids of Sneferu?
2600 B.C at Dashur. The bent pyramid and the red pyramid. Marks the beginning of the construction of the smooth-sided pyramids.
What was the Great Pyramid?
2560 B.C. built by Khufu (snefru’s son). Probably built by the Nile farmers and other labour forces. 20, 000 - 30, 000 labourers needed.
What is the Ivory Statuette of Khufu?
One of the only surviving image of Khufu confirmed by inscription.
What is Khafre’s pyramid?
Khufu’s son, 2532 B.C. Pyramid is slightly smaller than khufus, but includes a large sphinx in the front.
What do the pyramids symbolize?
Powerful leadership of this time. Solidified the power of the state.
What was the valley of the kings?
3500 - 3000 kya. Cemetery of New Kingdom Pharaohs and elites. Tombs built in to the sides of the cliffs.
Why was king Tut’s tomb so famous?
Because his tomb was one of the only tombs in the valley of the kings that wasn’t ransacked by tomb robbers.
What was included in King Tut’s burial?
Two kids (5 mo, 9 mo), games, bed, chariot, ushabti figures.
What are ushabti figures?
Painted wood statues/ figurines. They believed these could help the king in his afterlife.
What is a canopic chest?
A chest for the canopic jars that held the mummified remains of the organs.
How does the mummification process occur?
Takes about 70 days. Cut on the left side of the body and the organs were taken out. The heart would remain in the body. Brain was removed through the nasal cavity. A salt called natron would be placed around the body, which would dry it out (40 days). Then the body would be cleaned with oils, resins and wrapped with bandages.
