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Final #3 Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the Industrial Revolution happen?

A

At the same time as all of the Enlightenment Revolutions.

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2
Q

How did the Industrial Revolution get its name?

A

B/c of its name given to the global development and rise of industrial technology and the transition from wide-spread agricultrue to manufacturing c. 1750-1850 CE

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3
Q

Where did people move during the industrial revolution?

A

From the country to the city

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4
Q

Prior to the Industrial Revolution roughly ___% of people were involved in farming in some way. Today in America, it is around ___%.

A

80; 1

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5
Q

What was a crucial invention of the Industrial Revolution?

A

Steam Engine

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6
Q

What did Steam Engines originally run on?

A

Coal

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7
Q

What was the steam engine orginally used for?

A

To pump water out of the mines

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8
Q

What elements did the Steam Engines use?

A

Water, gears, and wheels

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9
Q

What launches the larger revolution?

A

The comination of the mills, the water, iron, coal, and child labor.

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10
Q

What lead to the one of the greatest industrial projects in American History, The Erie Canal?

A

the intersection of water, transportation, and Industry

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11
Q

What was one essential form of communication?

A

The Telegraph

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12
Q

List some inventions that come from the Industrial Revolution?

A

The Flying Shuttle, spinning Jenny, and Factories

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13
Q

Did the Industrial Revolution make slavery better or worse?

A

Worse

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14
Q

What is imperialism?

A

Spreading your country’s influence and control through diplomacy, trade, or military force.

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15
Q

What is colonialism?

A

The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country or territory, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

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16
Q

________ often involves ________ and is often fueled by _________ all of which expanded with the Industrial Revolution.

A

Imperialism; Colonialism; Nationalism

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17
Q

Imperialism is associated with _______ and had been a factor since ancient ___________, but with the Industrial Revolution came exapanded _________, __________, and ________ along with a need for more materials

A

Empire; Mesopotamia; weapons; transportations; communications

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18
Q

What is otherixing?

A

When you think of people as something “other” than you

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19
Q

When did linguists develop the Ind-European theory?

A

1800CE

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20
Q

What is Indo-European?

A

That there was some proto-language from which many later languages developed including Greek, Hindi, Persian, etc.

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21
Q

What are Caucasians?

A

Orginally a people from in and around the Caucasus Mountain range - i.e. Persia

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22
Q

In an early theory, who did the Aryan people conquer and implement?

A

They conquered the Dravidians and then implemented everything good that ever came out of Inidia, including Sanskirt, Hinduism, chess, science, and math

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23
Q

Was Aryan a title or a people?

A

A title

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24
Q

Rome represented the…

A

Pinnacle of Empire

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25
Q

Greece represented the…

A

Pinnacle of Culture and the greatest conquerer of all time

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26
Q

Greece and Rome were the models for…

A

The Imperialist Nation-State and begin to turn up in numerous aspects of soiety

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27
Q

Where did the fascination with the classical world come from?

A

The Indo-European ideology that Greece and the Greeks were the foundation of Western civilization. Also, it was the product of a common activity among the young wealthy elites called the Grand Tour (late 17th cnetury to c. 1840_

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28
Q

Archaeology as a subset of ____________ is …

A

Athropology; usually focused on a study of human activity in the past and in particular their creation and use of material culture and the recovery of that material.​

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29
Q

In _______, Europeans controlled roguhly ___% of Africa.

A

1881; 10

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30
Q

By the start of ______ in _____, the Europeans would control ____% of Africa.

A

WWI; 1914; 90

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31
Q

Why is everyone so interested in Africa?

A

It has been rich in resources, metals, minerals, plants, animals, and slaves

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32
Q

Why is it challeneging to conquer Africa?

A

It has a wide variety of regions, climates, complications, difficlut to access, and the locals fight back

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33
Q

What were the pull factor to Africa?

A

God, diamonds, blood diamonds, natural reources (lumber cacao), ivory

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34
Q

What was the Macxim Gun?

A

The world’s first machine gun

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35
Q

How did the name Scramble for Africa come to be?

A

It was given to the division and rapid colonization of Africa by Western European Nations

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36
Q

What was the Suex Canal?

A

In 1869, it was originally built by the French Suez Canal Company in conjunction with the Egyptian government linked the Mediterranean with the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.

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37
Q

What was the significance of the Suex Canal?

A

It eliminated the need to go around Africa and gave easy access to all the coastal areas of the continent from any direction.

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38
Q

Who got control of the Suex Canal in 1882?

A

The British

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39
Q

What was the Berlin Conference of 1884?

A

Germna Chancellor Otto von Bismarck hosted a meeting where they literally sat around a table and carved up Africa for colonization.

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40
Q

The only African territroes to survive the Scramble for Afric were…

A

Ethiopia, fought off Italy, and Liberia, fought off America

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41
Q

There were 7 tribes between:

A

Gambua, Portuguese Guinea, and French West Africa

42
Q

What is isolationism?

A

The practice of isolation your country from the rest of the world, diplomatically, economically, and physically.
- Avoid foreign entanglements
- Avoid foreign influences
- Controlling your population and what they are exposed to avoid problems

43
Q

Who did most European powers have significant trade deficits with?

A

China

44
Q

Did China have an industrial revolution to help with population growth yet? Why is this important?

A

No; it increased poverty, lead to rebellion and leave China open to Western Imperialism

45
Q

What did the European trade with China for?

A

Silk, porcelain, and tea

46
Q

Where did China limit all foreign trade to?

A

Canton (Guangzhou)

47
Q

Why did Britain decide to start selling Opium?

A

To make some money

48
Q

Where did Opium come from?

A

India

49
Q

When was the merchant monopoly in Canton eliminated?

A

1833

50
Q

Where did the British take refuge in after they were booted from Canton?

A

Hong Kong

51
Q

What was one of the deciding factors in the first Opium War?

A

A series of British steamships sent to China in battle

52
Q

When was the First Opium War?

A

1839-1842

53
Q

Why did the second Opium War break out?

A

Opium was still illegal

54
Q

When was the second Opium War?

A

1856-1860

55
Q

What was Japan’s society like in the 1500s

A

A feudal society

56
Q

What did Japan’s feudal society feature?

A

A number of social classes

57
Q

What was one signifcant group in Japanese society?

A

The Samuraii

58
Q

When did the Catholic Church send many missionaries to Japan in order to convert them to Catholicism?

A

After the Reformation and the Thirty Years War.

59
Q

Who was the first foreign smaurai?

A

Yasuke

60
Q

Numerous European traders were active in the region each attempting to trade with…

A

various Japanese warlords and get advantages

61
Q

What was the result of the Japanese striving for stability?

A

The result was a unification of the warlords (shogun) and the founding of a ruling period beginning with Tokugawa Leyasu.

62
Q

What another name from the Tokugawa period? When did it last until?

A

Edo Period; (1603-1868)

63
Q

Why is the Edo or Tokugawa period largely remebered?

A

For the Shougun and Samurai

64
Q

Did the Emperor have much power in Japan?

A

No

65
Q

Who was the true leadern of Japan?

A

The Shogun aided by the Daimyos, supported by the Samurai

66
Q

___% of the population were rice farmers

A

80

67
Q

Was Japan Isolationist?

A

Yes

68
Q

When was the Sakoku Edict Issued?

A

1635

69
Q

What did the Sakoku say?

A

1). No comes in or goes out
2). No Catholicism
3). Trade is limited to specific goods and the Portuguese were prohibited entirely

70
Q

When did stability in Japan last until?

A

1854

71
Q

Who did the Americans send to get a foothold in Asia, for coaling stations for their steam engine warships?

A

Commodore Matthew Perry

72
Q

When did Commodore Perry are in Edo Bay and surround the city of Uraga?

A

1853

73
Q

What were the consequences of opening Japan?

A

The return of Emerpor Meiji as the primary power in Japan in 1868

74
Q

What did the Meiji Restoration result in?

A

The modernization of Japan, industrialization, and weapins

75
Q

When did the Samurai end?

A

In 1877 at the battle of Shiroyama where they were not use for machine guns

76
Q

What does collaboration refer to in Imperialism and Colonialism?

A

Local leaders and others who cooperated with the imperialists/coloinizers and help them in exchange fot some benefit

77
Q

Who was working for the Mughal Empire, the French East India Company, and the British East India Comany?

A

Indian group called the Sepoys

78
Q

Where did the Portuguese set up shop in 1510? What did they establish?

A

Along the Coast Sri Lanka; they established a trading colony in Gao

79
Q

When did the British East India Company arrive in Surat?

A

1608

80
Q

What is the essence of colonialism?

A

Exploitation

81
Q

What resources did India have that British want?

A

Iron, coal, cotton, diamonds, opium, and people

82
Q

What diamond did the British East India Company take back to England?

A

Kah-i-Noor Diamond

83
Q

What is plutocracy?

A

An elite ruling class that derives its power from wealth, as well as society governed by the wealthy

84
Q

What is Jingoism?

A

It is extreme patriotism, especially in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy

85
Q

Why are the Philippines often the target of outsiders?

A

B/c of their strategic locations and often surprising amount of resources

86
Q

Who were the Philippines influenced, ruled, and traded with…

A

Numerous groups from China, India, and Japan, Malaysia, and have been Buddhist, Hindu, and Muslim long before the Europeans showed up

87
Q

Who took control of the Philippines after the Spanish American War?

A

America

88
Q

What is Yellow Journalism?

A

Fake News

89
Q

What always plays a role in imperialism?

A

Religion

90
Q

Just as the Ottomans expansion brought Islam, the Europeans’ expansion brought….

A

Christianity

91
Q

By 1683, the Ottomans cotrolled?

A

Most of Arabia, the Middle East, the Balkans (including Greece), North Africa, and parts of Europe

92
Q

Who coined the phrase Orientalism?

A

Edward Sid

93
Q

When did the Europeans and and Americans buy art, artifacts, and travel to see the sights of the exotic east?

A

Late 1800s-early 1900s

94
Q

How did the decline of the Ottomans begin?

A

In 1683, they were attacked while trying to attack Vienna by Austria and other Eastern European forces and the Holy Roman Empire, including the Winged Hussars

95
Q

Who did the Ottomans team up with against the attack from Austria.

A

Transylvania

96
Q

When did Greece declare independence?

A

1821

97
Q

When did the Ottoman lose the Crimea war to the Russians?

A

In the 1850s

98
Q

When did the Ottomans lose Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Romania to idependence?

A

1877-1878

99
Q

When did Austra-Hungary declare independence?

A

In 1908

100
Q

What started WWI?

A

The angering of Serbia by Austria-Hungary through annexing Bosnia

History Final (5 decks)

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