Final 2 Flashcards
Shh allows sox
Cartilage
Shh blocks Pea3 and erm
Scleraxis (tendon)
Somite skeleton component
Vertebrae
Lateral plate mesoderm skeleton component
Limb bones
Neural crest cells skeleton component
Brachial arch, cranial facial bones
Factors needed for kidney development
Wnt and GDNF
Types of mesoderm
Lateral plate mesoderm
Paraxial mesoderm
Intermediate mesoderm
Chrodomesoderm
Lateral plate mesoderm
Circulatory system
Body cavity
Paraxial mesoderm
Head and somite
Chorodomesoderm
Notochord
Intermediate mesoderm
Kidney and gonads
What specifies mesoderm
Amount of BMP
What forms the border of the somite
Notch
Epithelialization
Forming an outer layer of epithelial cells to hold mesenchymal cells in (tight junctions, n-cadherin)
What direction does epithelialization happen in
Posterior from anterior
What is in charge of somite specification
Hox genes
How are somites determined
Messages from roof (wnt), floor (shh), ectoderm (bmp), sides (fgf)
Factor during division
FGF
Where does the kidney come from
Intermediate mesoderm, metanephrogenic mesenchyme
What does cranial neural crest become
- Facial cartilage and bone
- Cranial neurons
- Glia
- Connective tissue
What forms from cranial NC entering pharangeal arches
- thymic cells
- odontoblasts
- bones of middle ear and jaw
Cranial NC in facial development
Skeletal elements (face, hyoid)
Cartilage elements (trachea)
Inner ear bones
Cranial nerves
What do cardiac neural crest form
endothelial lining, septum in between pulmonary artery and aorta (contribute to thyroid, parathyroid and thymus)
Trunk neural crest
Ventrolateral- somite
Dorsolateral -melanocytes
Vagal and sacral
Parasympathetic (enteric) ganglia of the gut
What does somatic become
Body wall
What does splanchnic become
Parts of the heart
What is in all places where there is not cardiogenic mesoderm
Hemangiogenic mesoderm
Where does cardiogenic mesoderm form
Anterior
What is the heart field
Where cardiogenic mesoderm is found
How many tubes are formed at first for the heart
2
How is cardiogenic mesoderm formed
FGF8 promotes cardiogenic mesoderm, no wnt (cardiogenic), wnt (hemagiogenic)
What does noggin block
BMP (cardiogenic mesoderm only in BMP area)
Wnt present
Hemagiogenic mesoderm
Wnt not present
Cardiogenic mesoderm
FGF8 present
Cardiogenic mesoderm
Vessel formation
Mesenchymal cells condense (blood islands), epithelialization around it
Cells involved in vessel formation
Hemangioblasts
What happens if there is no VEGF
No blood vessels
Preeclampsia
No receptor for VEGF or no signal for VEGF, cells become dysfunctional and person will start to bleed. Vasoconstriction
Where do blood cells come from
Hematopoetic stem cells
Locations of blood cell production in embryo
Blood islands
Splanchnic lateral mesoderm surrounding aorta
Yolk sac
Locations of blood cell production in the fetus
Liver and then red bone marrow
Locations of blood cell production in child
Red bone marrow
