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Developmental Biology > Final 2 > Flashcards

Final 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Shh allows sox

A

Cartilage

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2
Q

Shh blocks Pea3 and erm

A

Scleraxis (tendon)

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3
Q

Somite skeleton component

A

Vertebrae

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4
Q

Lateral plate mesoderm skeleton component

A

Limb bones

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5
Q

Neural crest cells skeleton component

A

Brachial arch, cranial facial bones

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6
Q

Factors needed for kidney development

A

Wnt and GDNF

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7
Q

Types of mesoderm

A

Lateral plate mesoderm
Paraxial mesoderm
Intermediate mesoderm
Chrodomesoderm

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8
Q

Lateral plate mesoderm

A

Circulatory system

Body cavity

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9
Q

Paraxial mesoderm

A

Head and somite

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10
Q

Chorodomesoderm

A

Notochord

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11
Q

Intermediate mesoderm

A

Kidney and gonads

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12
Q

What specifies mesoderm

A

Amount of BMP

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13
Q

What forms the border of the somite

A

Notch

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14
Q

Epithelialization

A

Forming an outer layer of epithelial cells to hold mesenchymal cells in (tight junctions, n-cadherin)

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15
Q

What direction does epithelialization happen in

A

Posterior from anterior

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16
Q

What is in charge of somite specification

A

Hox genes

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17
Q

How are somites determined

A

Messages from roof (wnt), floor (shh), ectoderm (bmp), sides (fgf)

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18
Q

Factor during division

A

FGF

19
Q

Where does the kidney come from

A

Intermediate mesoderm, metanephrogenic mesenchyme

20
Q

What does cranial neural crest become

A
  • Facial cartilage and bone
  • Cranial neurons
  • Glia
  • Connective tissue
21
Q

What forms from cranial NC entering pharangeal arches

A
  • thymic cells
  • odontoblasts
  • bones of middle ear and jaw
22
Q

Cranial NC in facial development

A

Skeletal elements (face, hyoid)
Cartilage elements (trachea)
Inner ear bones
Cranial nerves

23
Q

What do cardiac neural crest form

A

endothelial lining, septum in between pulmonary artery and aorta (contribute to thyroid, parathyroid and thymus)

24
Q

Trunk neural crest

A

Ventrolateral- somite

Dorsolateral -melanocytes

25
Q

Vagal and sacral

A

Parasympathetic (enteric) ganglia of the gut

26
Q

What does somatic become

A

Body wall

27
Q

What does splanchnic become

A

Parts of the heart

28
Q

What is in all places where there is not cardiogenic mesoderm

A

Hemangiogenic mesoderm

29
Q

Where does cardiogenic mesoderm form

A

Anterior

30
Q

What is the heart field

A

Where cardiogenic mesoderm is found

31
Q

How many tubes are formed at first for the heart

A

2

32
Q

How is cardiogenic mesoderm formed

A

FGF8 promotes cardiogenic mesoderm, no wnt (cardiogenic), wnt (hemagiogenic)

33
Q

What does noggin block

A

BMP (cardiogenic mesoderm only in BMP area)

34
Q

Wnt present

A

Hemagiogenic mesoderm

35
Q

Wnt not present

A

Cardiogenic mesoderm

36
Q

FGF8 present

A

Cardiogenic mesoderm

37
Q

Vessel formation

A

Mesenchymal cells condense (blood islands), epithelialization around it

38
Q

Cells involved in vessel formation

A

Hemangioblasts

39
Q

What happens if there is no VEGF

A

No blood vessels

40
Q

Preeclampsia

A

No receptor for VEGF or no signal for VEGF, cells become dysfunctional and person will start to bleed. Vasoconstriction

41
Q

Where do blood cells come from

A

Hematopoetic stem cells

42
Q

Locations of blood cell production in embryo

A

Blood islands
Splanchnic lateral mesoderm surrounding aorta
Yolk sac

43
Q

Locations of blood cell production in the fetus

A

Liver and then red bone marrow

44
Q

Locations of blood cell production in child

A

Red bone marrow

Developmental Biology (5 decks)

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