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Animal Science 1100 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Major changes during Horse Evo

A

Reduce # digits, longer legs, teeth to foragte, increase in size and brain complexity

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2
Q

The racing sector of the equine industry brings in the largest percentage of value and the largest number of jobs.

A

true

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3
Q

oldest purebred horse with refined bone and face structure

A

arabian

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4
Q

most common draft breen in US

A

belgain

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5
Q

selectively bred by Nez Perce tribe

A

appaloosa

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6
Q

largest breed registry horse

A

quarter horse

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7
Q

driving force in equine evolution

A

climate change

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8
Q

per capitca consumption of eggs

A

249 eggs/person/year

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9
Q

largest egg production states

A

50% of all eggs
iowa, ohio, indiana, pennsylvania, cali

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10
Q

nutritional value of eggs

A

protein, viatmins, A, D, E, folic acid, riboflavin, B12, pantothenic acid, minerals’ phosphorus, iodine, iron, zinc

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11
Q

shell

A

outer covering. calcium carbonate. white or brown. color does not affect anything

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12
Q

air cell

A

pocket of air in egg. caused by contraction of contents during cooling after laying. grows as cell ages.

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13
Q

shell membranes.

A

two membranes. surround albumen. provide protective barrier against bacteria. air cells form between nthe membranes.

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14
Q

thin albumne (white)

A

nearest to shell, spreads around thick white

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15
Q

thick albumen (white)

A

source of ribolavin and protein. higher and spreads less in higher grade eggs.

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16
Q

chaiazae

A

twisted, cordlike strands of white. anchor yolk in center. prominence indicates frehsness.

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17
Q

vitelline (yolk) membrane

A

holds yolk centered

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18
Q

germinal disc

A

on yolk

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19
Q

yolk

A

yello. vitamins, minerals, fat

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20
Q

grading eggs

A

interior and exterior quality. no dif in nutritive value. based on freshness. size of air cell and thinness of egg white

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21
Q

grade AA

A

tall. firm yolk. area covered by white is small. lots of thick white. small air cell

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22
Q

grade A

A

round yolk and upstanding. more thick white.

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23
Q

grade B

A

spreads out more. flattened yolk, same amont of thick and thin white.

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24
Q

egg sizes

A

classified according to minimun net weight expressed in ounces per DOZEN

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25
Q

egg sizes influenced by

A

hen age, breed, environment,

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26
Q

what are the egg sizes

A

jumbo, extra large, large, medium, small, peewee

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27
Q

common pet species

A

dogs, cats, birds, fish, rabbits, guinea pigs, snakes

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28
Q

who owns pets

A

families with children most likely. older than 65 who live alone least likely. greater income, more likely to have pet. homeowners more likely. more people, more likely

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29
Q

pets

A

kept for pleasure

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30
Q

companion animals

A

animal where owner has intense emotional ties

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31
Q

ornamental pets

A

decorate and enhance atmosphere. birds or fish

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32
Q

status symbols

A

wolves gave status. prebred more status. unusual, rare, expensive animls more status

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33
Q

playthings

A

pets as playthings. hunting and riding.

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34
Q

hobby animals.

A

displayed by owners in organized exhibitions

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35
Q

worker, helper, service animals

A

herding, pulling sleds, police dogs, search and rescue, water rescue, drug

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36
Q

breeds of dogs

A

400-450. 170 recognized

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37
Q

purebred catergories

A

sporting, hounds, working, terriers, toy, nonsporting, herding, miscellaneous

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38
Q

most common dog breeds

A

labs, frenchies, german shep, golden retreiver, bulldogs, poodles, beagles, rottweilers, german shorthaired pointers, dachshunds

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39
Q

cat breeds

A

not as many breeds. less uses. vermin-controlling. pets

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40
Q

natural breeds

A

abyssinian, birman, burmese, chartreux, maine coon, egyption mau

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41
Q

human-devloped breeds

A

burmese x amershortair = bombay. siamese x persian = himalayan

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42
Q

sponteous mutations

A

amer curl, amer bobtial, cornish rex

43
Q

structure of pet food industry

A

generic: juvenile, adult, senior.
specialty: weight control, urinary health, dental health, odor control, joint health, dermatitis

44
Q

features of pet foods

A

not least-cost formulations.

45
Q

livestock v companion

A

livestock: ADG. F:G, food production, cost of prodution, high energy requirments, rapid growth, repro, milk production
companion animal: quality of life, coat appearance, stool volume, longevity, disease prevention, wellness, low energy requirements,

46
Q

challenges to companion animal health

A

cancer, allergic skin disease,pymetra, endocrine (diabetes)

47
Q

TF cows goats and horses all have an angerage length of 21 for estrous

A

true

48
Q

TF dogs were last domesticated

A

F

49
Q

TF sheep and. horses are seasonal polyestrous

A

T

50
Q

TF act of giving birth is dystocia

A

F

51
Q

TF oviduct part of female repor tract wehere fert takes place

A

T

52
Q

TF single most importnat economic consideration for livestock enerprise is repro efficienty

A

T

53
Q

what hormone is precursor for gonadotropin hormone

A

GnRH

54
Q

structure on ovary that produces progesterone

A

CL

55
Q

what percentage of people work in ag in US

A

1.5%

56
Q

characteristics of animals that were domesticated

A

live in groups, dominance hierarchy, repro in captivity, tolerated humans

57
Q

expedenture for food

A

15%

58
Q

females do not exhibit estrous

A

anestrous

59
Q

advantage of AI

A

disease control

60
Q

crossing two dif breeds

A

crossbreeding

61
Q

first stage of domestication

A

animals and humans live in close proximity

62
Q

which speices not domesticated in old world

A

chicken

63
Q

TF parturition is initiated by cortisol released from fetus

A

T

64
Q

TF scrotal circumference size can be indcator of future daughters potential rate of maturity

A

T

65
Q

mendels laws

A

law of dominance, segregation, independent assortment

66
Q

roles of ovary

A

produce eggs, estrogen

67
Q

3rd stage of birth

A

explusion of placental and uterine involution

68
Q

TF insoluble carbs have beta bonds which are only broken up by microbial proteins

A

T

69
Q

TF majority ofmethane prodcution from cows is expelled via flatulence

A

F

70
Q

TF crude protein is amonth of nitrogen in feed x6.25

A

T

71
Q

TF all meat is inspected in US

A

T

72
Q

TF concentrates such as grains have highesr digestible energy than roughages

A

T

73
Q

TF ADF measures cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin components of cell walls and is negatively correlated to feedintake

A

F

74
Q

TF vent of chicken is where both fecal and urine are discreted

A

T

75
Q

TF to be considred a protein supplement a crude protein needs to be above 15% of feedstuff

A

F

76
Q

TF Belgian blues - double muscled breed

A

T

77
Q

Term used to define increase in cell size

A

hypertrophy

78
Q

most feed efficient to least efficient

A

fish, broiler, pig, cowq

79
Q

essential amino acid

A

must be supplied in diet

80
Q

what is fed to livestock that is high in fiber, low in digestible nutrients an dlow in energy

A

roughage

81
Q

which nutrient has highest energy value

A

fats

82
Q

what structure in young ruminants allows milk to bypass rumen

A

reticular groove

83
Q

TDN

A

gross energy + fecal energy

84
Q

whosale cuts of beef

A

round, loin, rib, chuck

85
Q

non nutritive additive

A

ionophores

86
Q

which types of animals can use non protein nitrogen efficiently

A

ruminants

87
Q

which of the following anatomical features helps with prehension

A

lips, hands, tongue

88
Q

macro mineral

A

calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus

89
Q

TFAngora prodcues mohair

A

T

90
Q

TF beef cattle industry runs on 5 year cycle of growh and decline of cattle inventory

A

T

91
Q

set of birds iwth similar characteristics

A

breed

92
Q

structure of beef industry

A

seedstock, commercial cow-calf, yearling stocker, farmer feeders, feedlots, packers

93
Q

enterprises with more than 10 goats report that goas are used for

A

meat

94
Q

fibers in sheep fleece

A

hair, wool, kemp

95
Q

sotkcer operation

A

adds weight to weaned calves before finishing

96
Q

commonly used breed of chicken for egg production in US

A

white leghorn

97
Q

continental breeds were introduced to

A

increase size, increase muscle growth, increase herteroiss

98
Q

young female pigs with no piglets

A

gilt

99
Q

cause for greatest amonth of piglet mortalit

A

crushing

100
Q

guard animal

A

dogs, donkey, llama

101
Q

ranking of wool caracterics. most to least.

A

yeild, average staple length, crimp

102
Q

optimal BCS

A

6

103
Q

breeds developed in Us in Debois idaho sheep exepriment

A

polypay, targhee, columbia

104
Q
A

Animal Science 1100 (5 decks)

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