final

Question 1

determining the actual age of a rock
aka radiometric dating
relies on radioactivity of element isotopes

Answer 1

absolute dating

Question 2

what does a radioactive atom give off

Answer 2

energy, radiation, particle

Question 3

isotope nucleus undergoes changes

Answer 3

decay

Question 4

the time it takes for half of the sample to undergo radioactive decay

Answer 4

half life

Question 5

what are the three types of decay

Answer 5

alpha, beta, gamma

Question 6

nucleus loses an He nucleus
radiation can be stopped by paper
example radon gas dangerous when inhaled

Answer 6

alpha decay

Question 7

loses an electron from the nucleus
neutron becomes a proton
wood blocks radiation

Answer 7

beta decay minus

Question 8

nucleus gains an electron
proton becomes a neutron

Answer 8

beta plus

Question 9

loss of He nucles minus 2 atomic number

Answer 9

Alpha

Question 10

neutron becomes proton plus 1 atomic number

Answer 10

beta minus

Question 11

proton becomes neutron minus 1 atomic number

Answer 11

beta plus

Question 12

no mass lost, no change in element

Answer 12

gamma

Question 13

U238 –> Pb 206

Answer 13

4.5 billion years

Question 14

Rb87–>Sr87

Answer 14

47 billion years

Question 15

K40–> Ar40

Answer 15

1.3 billion years

Question 16

C14 –> N14 5730

Answer 16

5730

Question 17

fold of rocks with younger rock layers closer to the center of the structure

Answer 17

syncline

Question 18

what shape does a syncline make

Answer 18

u

Question 19

what is the shape of an anticline

Answer 19

an A (upside down u)

Question 20

what is the age of the rock on the inside of the syncline

Answer 20

young in the center- gets older as it moves outward

Question 21

what is the age of the rock on the inside of the anticline

Answer 21

old in the center- gets younger as it moves outward

Question 22

structural trap formed by the folding of rock strata into an arch-like shape

Answer 22

anticline

Question 23

an area of relatively level high ground.

Answer 23

plateau

Question 24

who is the father of modern geology

Answer 24

james hurton

Question 25

what idea did james hurton come up with

Answer 25

uniformitarianism

Question 26

the present is the key to the past

Answer 26

uniformitarianism

Question 27

placing rock in sequence

Answer 27

relative dating

Question 28

undeformed sequence of sedimentary rock
entrusive igneous rock
oldest at the bottom
youngest at the top

Answer 28

law of superposition

Question 29

layers of sedimentary rocks are generally deposited in a horizontal fashion

Answer 29

law of original horizontality

Question 30

how do you determine which way is up?

Answer 30

find mud cracks that curl upwards

Question 31

ripples that look like a current (asymmetrical)

Answer 31

current ripples

Question 32

symmetrical ripples

Answer 32

oscillation

Question 33

fault or intrusions must be younger than the rock they intersect

Answer 33

principle of crosscutting relationships

Question 34

missing portions of rock record (missing time)
caused by erosions or lack of rock-forming environments

Answer 34

law of unconformity

Question 35

fossil organisms succeed one another in a definite and determinable order
time periods can be recognized by fossil type

Answer 35

principle of faunal succession

Question 36

use to define/identity geologic periods
-easy to identify
-broad distribution
-short-lived

Answer 36

index fossils