Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

US History > Final 150 Part one > Flashcards

Final 150 Part one Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire new land and spread Christianity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The joint stock company that established Jamestown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The colony of the pilgrims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Jamestown

A

Town founded by the Virginia Company through a gained charter. This town was saved by tobacco.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

John Smith

A

Governor of Jamestown who forced settlers to work and explore, but left and Jamestown suffered.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pocahontas

A

Part of the Powhatan tribe and is best known for saving John Smith’s life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

John Rolfe

A

Learned how to grow a type of tobacco and so,d the first crop in England in 1614. He married the daughter of Chief Powhatan, Pocahontas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tobacco

A

The crop that saved Jamestown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led by Nathaniel Bacon “The greatest rebel that was ever in Virginia” (called that by Berkley). This rebellion showed that the settlers were not content with being restricted to the coast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pilgrims

A

The people that came from England to America in search of religious freedom on the ship called the Mayflower in 1620 in September

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship that the Pilgrims sailed in on their journey to America

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

First governing document of the Plymouth Colony that was written by the males on the ship.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

William Bradford

A

Led the Pilgrims for over 30 years. Most famous for writing the book “Of Plymouth Plantation” that described the lives of the colonists from 1621-1646

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Part of the Wampanoag Indian tribe, they helped the Pilgrims in the first spring and taught them how to grow corn, beans, and squash and showed them where to hunt and fish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted to reform the church. Religiously intolerant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

A colony formed by the Puritans in 1629 based on the Bible. John Winthrop was the group’s governor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Both taken to trail over disagreeing with Puritans and were kicked out of Massachusetts. They formed Rhode Island

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people who were accused of witchcraft in Salem, MA. Many who were falsely accused were killed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

William Penn

A

Founded the colony of Pennsylvania. He was a Quaker who wrote their constitution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Quakers

A

Religiously tolerant people who believe everyone has an inner light to lead you to salvation (also pacifists)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight in wars or use force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival that swept through the colonies. The belief grows that to God, we are all equal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American Colonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Albany Plan of Union - Called for one general government for the thirteen colonies. Designed to help the colonies defend themselves from the French, but failed.

Join or Die Cartoon - first political cartoon in America by Ben Franklin

Poor Richards Almanack - Ben Franklin was so inspired by the Enlightenment that he wrote this, a collection of witty sayings such as “a penny saved is a penny earned”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

In 1732, publisher JPZ accused the governor of New York of corruption in the New York Weekly Journal and was thrown in jail.In court, Zenger was found not guilty and this helped lead to the freedom of the press

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

Control over the Ohio River valley fur trade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Britain signed this document which halted westward expansion by settlers west of the Appalachian mountains to comfort the Native Americans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Act that allowed British officers to seize goods from smugglers without going to court (contradicts British law innocent until proven guilty)

31
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies

32
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

March 5, 1770 : fight that breaks out between townspeople and British soldiers. (After one British soldier gets knocked down, another fires upon the crowd. And the disperses. There were five people killed) it was successfully used as propaganda

33
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

Midnight December 16, 1773 - a group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty. They board an EITC ship and destroy the tea by throwing it in the harbor

34
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

These acts closed Boston Harbor until the tea was paid for. (Britain tried to isolate Boston, but other colonies sent supplies to show their support for Boston)

35
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Said “I’m not a Virginian, but an American” and persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act and is the most anti - British political action for the colonists. He was a famous activist

36
Q

John Hancock

A

Well known protest leader, first person to sign the DOI

37
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

January 1776 - Thomas Paine published the pamphlet called Common Sense which called for the colonies to complete independence from Britain

38
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

A secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation against Britain. Founded by Samuel Adams

39
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

July 4, 1776, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Thomas Jefferson, explains why the colonists wanted to form a new nation and the preamble states that the government exists by the consent of the government

40
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

Unfair taxation against the colonies

41
Q

Loyalists

A

Colonists who stayed loyal to Britain and was against the revolution

42
Q

Patriots

A

American colonists who were for the revolution

43
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

Lexington : the Minutemen fired the shot heard round the world

Concord : //////

44
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

1777- the turning point of the Revolutionary War. After Saratoga, France and Spain became allies of the colonists

45
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing, or shelter for Washington and his troops

46
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

The last major battle of the AR. Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay were sent to Paris to work out a peace treaty to end the war. (Treaty of Paris 1783)

47
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Hero of the Battle of Saratoga. During this battle, he was shot in the leg which ends his combat career for awhile. He did not get a promotion from the Continental Army, so his wife arranged to get him a higher ranking in the British Military

48
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

General George Washington

49
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind

50
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

Credited with teaching the Continental Army the essentials of military drill and discipline

51
Q

Francis Marion

A

A successful Patriot leader. Nicknamed “Swamp Fox” because he operated out of swamps in South Carolina. (He was so quick and smart that a British General mumbled that even the devil couldn’t catch Marion)

52
Q

guerrilla warfare

A

Hit and run war tactics

53
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Treaty that ended the Revolutionary War

54
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River. It included a bill of rights for the settlers and was the first attempt in US history to stop the spread of slavery

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

In November 1777 - America’s first constitution was adopted (AoC). The government could not raise taxes. Each state had one vote in congress. The government could not obtain an army. Not strong enough to handle all of the problems of the country

56
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

Uprising of MA farmers to fight the government’s taxes. Revealed the need for a stronger central government. (4 people were killed by local militia)

57
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for Congress used to this day

58
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed southern states to count stages as 3/5 of one free person for representation. Allowed southern states to gain more delegates in the House of Representatives.

59
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison, 1789, keeps the branches from gaining too much power, outlined jobs and powers of government

60
Q

Bill of Rights

A

First 10 amendments to the Constitution, created to limit the power of the government and protect the rights of the individuals

61
Q

1st Amendment

A

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition to the government

62
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Rights for citizens to bear arms and for states to be a militia

63
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

64
Q

5th Amendment

A

Natural rights cannot be deprived without due process of law (means that the fed govt must follow the rules of law in the process of arresting indicting, trying, sentencing, convicting and incarcerating a person)

65
Q

6th Amendment

A

Right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury

66
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Executive - carries out laws. President = chief executive.

Legislative - law making branch. Congress : Senate and House of Reps.

Judicial - interprets laws and declares laws unconstitutional

Keeps one branch from getting too powerful

67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

Civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Head of the Federalist Party and Department of Treasury

69
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien - allowed president to deport aliens

Sedition - a crime to speak or write false criticisms to weaken the government (contradicts 1st amendment)

70
Q

John Sevier

A

1st Governor of TN

71
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

Landmark court case that established judicial review (time ran out in Adams’ presidency so, Marbury didn’t get his appointment through) (Marbury blames James Madison)

72
Q

Judicial review

A

Means the court can nullify actions of other branches

73
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

Supreme Court case over state’s rights. (MD imposed a tax over the branch of the Second Bank of the US. Marshall ruled that Maryland was MD had no right to tax the bank)

74
Q

Natchez Trace

A

An important route for trade between MA and Nashville (allowed farmers to get back to TN after selling their crops down the MS River)

US History (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions