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US History > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?

A

The Bill of Rights

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2
Q

What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?

A

1-10th Amendments

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3
Q

What is the difference between a law and an amendment?

A

A law is a bill that gets passed and an amendment is a change to an existing law.

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4
Q

How does an amendment get proposed?

A

An amendment may be proposed to 2/3 of congress or 2/3 of the states

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5
Q

How does an amendment then get ratified?

A

It must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures

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6
Q

What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?

A

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government

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7
Q

What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?

A

Weapons (right to bare arms)

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8
Q

What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)

A

Unreasonable searches and seizures without probable causes

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9
Q

What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?

A

5th Amendment

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10
Q

According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?

A

Due process of law

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11
Q

What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?

A

6th Amendment

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12
Q

What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?

A

From claiming that the Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have

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13
Q

What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?

A

The states could be used as protection against the powers of the national government

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14
Q

Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?

A

President - George Washington

VP - John Adams

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15
Q

What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?

A

State - handles relations with other nations

Treasury - deals with financial matters

War - deals with nation’s defense

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16
Q

Who makes up the cabinet of the President?

A

The Secretary State (Jefferson), Secretary of Treasury (Hamilton), Secretary of War (Henry Knox), and the Attorney General

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17
Q

Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?

A

State - Jefferson

Treasury - Hamilton

18
Q

What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?

A

Secretary of Treasury

19
Q

What act established a federal court system?

A

The Judiciary Act of 1789

20
Q

What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?

A

Overturn them

21
Q

Who was John Jay?

A

1st Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

22
Q

What is a national debt?

A

The amount of money the government owed

23
Q

What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?

A

They wanted to combine it into one national debt

24
Q

What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?

A

The South because they owed less than the Northern states and would have to pay more than their fair share to compensate

25
Q

Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?

A

They made a compromise and agreed with Hamilton’s plan in exchange for the US capital being moved to the South, Washington DC

26
Q

Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?

A

Because creating a national bank fell within the intent of the Constitution

27
Q

What is a tariff?

A

A tax on imported goods (instituted to encourage people to buy American goods)

28
Q

What was the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

29
Q

Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?

A

He was tired and believed that we needed a new president with new ideas

30
Q

What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?

A

Favored a strong government, rule by wealthy, and loose interpretation of the Constitution

31
Q

What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?

A

Favored strong state banks, strong state governments, rule by the people, and strict interpretation of the Constitution

32
Q

How did Washington feel about political parties?

A

Washington believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together

33
Q

What is favoring one side in a political decision?

A

Partisan

34
Q

Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?

A

Caucuses

35
Q

What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?

A

The XYZ Affair

36
Q

Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?

A

To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration

37
Q

What was the Naturalization Act?

A

Required aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship

38
Q

What were the Alien Acts?

A

Allowed the President to deport aliens

39
Q

What was the Sedition Act?

A

A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try to weaken the government

40
Q

What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?

A

The 1st Amendment

US History (13 decks)

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