Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cell biology > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

(T/F) saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

(T/F) nucleotides are linked together by dehydration synthesis

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

(T/F) all bacteria are prokaryotic cells

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

(T/F) microfilaments can depolymerize and reform quickly

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(T/F) sperm is an example of a flagella

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(T/F) hemoglobin is a globular shaped protein

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(T/F) he extracellular matrix holds cells together to form a tissue

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(T/F) RNA stores information to construct a protein

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(T/F) cell walls give animal cells shape and structure

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(T/F) humans have 44 chromosomes

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(T/F) steroids in the RER are modified into newly synthesized steroids

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(T/F) the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(T/F) protein B-pleated sheet structure form the polypeptide’s unique three-dimensional structure

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(T/F) integral proteins can occur through both layers and only one layer of the plasma membrane

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(T/F) saturated fatty acids have chains of carbon atoms that only have single bonds between them

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(T/F) the dignified cell theory states that one or more cells comprise all living things

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_____ are several cells of one kind that interconnect with each other and perform a shared function

A

tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

halophiles are microorganisms that mostly inhabit ____ environments

A

salty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

proteins are made of ________ aka the building blocks of proteins

A

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

microRNA is mainly involved in regulating ______

A

gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the _______ is made of polysaccharides and enables the cell to attach to surfaces

A

capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

______ are short, hair-like structures along the cell’s outter surface that help more entire cells

A

cilia

23
Q

junctions between plant cells are called ______

A

plasmodesmata

24
Q

enzymes within the ______ aid in breaking down proteins, polysaccharides and lipids

A

lysosomes

25
Q

the chloroplast’s inner membrane is a set of interconnected and stacked fluid-filled sacs called _____

A

thylakoids

26
Q

molecules that have both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts are called _____

A

amphipathic

27
Q

what are the four main lipids

A

fats&oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids

28
Q

which of the four main lipids is considered amphipathic

A

phospholipids

29
Q

non-essential amino acid

A

amino acids we get from food and can make ourselves

30
Q

conditionally essential amino acid

A

amino acids we can make when our bodies are healthy

31
Q

essential amino acids

A

amino acids we can only get from food

32
Q

what are the four (technically five) nitrogenous bases

A

adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, (uracil)

33
Q

which of the (five) nitrogenous bases are purines

A

adenine and guanine

34
Q

which of the (five) nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines

A

cytosine, thymine, (uracil)

35
Q

why is uracil unique

A

uracil replaces thymine is RNA
DNA: A-T
RNA: A-U

36
Q

what does DNA stand for

A

deoxyribose nucleic acid

37
Q

what are the three differences between DNA and RNA

A

1) DNA contains a deoxyribose whereas RNA contains a ribose
2) DNA is double stranded whereas RNA is single stranded
3) DNA contains thymine whereas RNA contains uracil

38
Q

what is membrane fluidity

A

the allowance of particles and ions to flow through the plasma membrane due to its semi-permiability

39
Q

what are the three things that influence membrane fluidity

A

temperature, cholesterol and fatty acids

40
Q

what is taxonomy

A

the classification of living things

41
Q

active transport must function continuously because

A

diffusion is constantly moving solutes in opposite directions

42
Q

what is the combination of an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient called

A

electrochemical gradient

43
Q

which transport mechanism can bring whole cells into a cell

A

phagocytosis

44
Q

energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____ and used short_term to perform work from an ____ molecule

A

glucose : ATP

45
Q

consider a pendulum swinging. which types of energy are associated with the pendulum in the following instances:

1) the moment at which it completes one cycle, just before it begins to fall back towards the other end

2) the moment that it is in the middle between the two ends

3) just before it reaches the end of one cycle (just before instance 1)

A

1) potential
2) kinetic
3) potential and kinetic

46
Q

the energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is

A

providing energy to coupled reactions

47
Q

(T/F) enzymes increase the deltaG of reactions

A

false

48
Q

(T/F) endergonic reactions take place slowly and exergonic reactions take place quickly

A

false

49
Q

how many NADH molecules are produced on each turn of the citric acid cycle

A

three

50
Q

the energy currency used by cells is

A

ATP

51
Q

what are the main differences between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion

A

simple diffusion transports small, uncharged molecules whereas facilitated diffusion transports big, charged ions

52
Q

what are the main similarities between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion

A

the two are both passive and the most direct for of transport

53
Q

how is osmosis different than diffusion

A

osmosis moves water across membranes whereas diffusion moves molecules
osmosis does not affect the electrochemical gradient whereas diffusion does

cell biology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions