file format of though

Question 1

what is file though formate

Answer 1

representations of the world in the brain

Question 2

aphantasia

Answer 2

Zeman et al 2015
inability to visualize things in the mind
poorly understood condition

Question 3

imageless thought

Answer 3

francis Galton 1880

some people have no visual imagination

Question 4

Charles Bonnet syndorm

Answer 4

Complex hallucinations of things of nature
10-40% of those with partial or severe blindness experience complex hallucinations
They are understood to be not real and are only visual in nature.

Question 5

dual coding theory

Answer 5

Allan Paivo
memory of word association 
abstract-concrete bad
same - good
concrete better with images

Question 6

dual coding diagram

Answer 6

verbal - logogens

non-verbal - imogens

Question 7

connections in dual coding diagram

Answer 7

There are not 2 separate systems for verbal and non-verbal information – these need to be connected but with weaker connections than those in each system.

Question 8

mental representations

Answer 8

Shepard & Metzler 1971
2 objects same but just rotated
more rotated = longer reaction time
takes longer to mentally rotate in the head

Question 9

benefits of mental representation discovery

Answer 9

• Was a new way to articulate functions/ abilities that were not well described before. Eg. visualising if you can rearrange the furniture in your bedroom.
• Very clear data
• No individual variation in strategy.
• No hint of ‘other factors’ needed to explain the data

Question 10

file format

Answer 10

are representations visually in separate system?

non-depicted and depicted

Question 11

non-depicted

Answer 11

words
relational 
clear synatx
truth very clear
abstract
non-spatial

Question 12

depicted

Answer 12

images
not relational
no clear syntax
specific
spatial 
seeing and imagining

Question 13

There is a depictive file format

Answer 13

when memorizing images the response is proportional to the distance
animal - rabbit/elephant/fly

Question 14

end of imagery debate

Answer 14

fMRI evidence =
Visualising a remembered pattern uses the same brain areas (visual cortex) as actually perceiving.
Further studies confirmed linguistic areas NOT active during visual imagery.

Question 15

speculation zone

Answer 15

deep learning theory and brain decoding

Question 16

deep learning theory

Answer 16

large neural networks with many layers, mimicking the visual system in certain ways.
Expose the neural network to many, many images, and train it to map images to meaningful labels
If deep neural networks are similar to the visual system, then perhaps we can learn from them.
We can do things to artificial networks that we can’t do in real human brains= Ethics

Question 17

brain decoding

Answer 17

Decoding of neural code, not necessarily the same as the information or representation.
Could scientists look into brains to find out where you have been
To look and find which areas are active when shown an image