fibromuscular dysplasia Flashcards
What condition is indicated by young females with hypertension and asymmetric kidneys?
fibromuscular dysplasia
Fibromuscular dysplasia is a vascular condition that can lead to renal artery stenosis and is often seen in younger women.
What patient demographics should prompt consideration of fibromuscular dysplasia?
Young, female, with hypertension and asymmetric kidneys
Asymmetric kidneys often noted on ultrasound
What imaging technique is most accurate for assessing the renal artery?
Contrast catheter angiography
Duplex imaging is also used but is less accurate
What are the characteristics of fibromuscular dysplasia?
Not an atherosclerotic process and lacks lifestyle risk factors
Unlike renal artery stenosis, it does not include hypercholesterolaemia
What might be found in coarctation of the aorta related to hypertension?
Left outflow obstruction
It is another secondary cause of hypertension
What conditions might present with an adrenal mass?
Conn’s syndrome and phaeochromocytoma
Conn’s syndrome may also present with hypokalaemia
True or False: Fibromuscular dysplasia shares the same modifiable risk factors as renal artery stenosis.
False
Fibromuscular dysplasia does not have the same lifestyle risk factors
What percentage of renal vascular disease is accounted for by renal artery stenosis secondary to atherosclerosis?
90%
This indicates that atherosclerosis is the predominant cause of renal artery stenosis.
What is the most common cause of the remaining 10% of renal vascular disease?
Fibromuscular dysplasia
This condition is less common compared to atherosclerosis.
What percentage of patients with renal artery stenosis are female?
90%
This highlights a significant gender prevalence in renal artery stenosis cases.
Name a common feature of renal artery stenosis.
- Hypertension
- Chronic kidney disease
- Acute renal failure (e.g., secondary to ACE-inhibitor initiation)
- ‘Flash’ pulmonary oedema
These features indicate the serious implications of renal artery stenosis.
Fill in the blank: Renal artery stenosis secondary to atherosclerosis accounts for around _______ of renal vascular disease.
90%.
True or False: Chronic kidney disease can be a feature of renal artery stenosis.
True.
What acute condition can be triggered by the initiation of ACE-inhibitors in patients with renal artery stenosis?
Acute renal failure
This can occur due to changes in renal blood flow.
What is a characteristic symptom of renal artery stenosis that involves fluid accumulation in the lungs?
‘Flash’ pulmonary oedema
This is a rapid onset of pulmonary edema, often seen in acute cases.
