FHS GCSE PE 1.2.5 Flashcards
What are the 3 functions of the skeleton?
Protection, Movement and Support
What are the 2 different synovial joints?
Hinge and Ball and Socket
What are the 2 different hinge joints?
Knee and Elbow
What are the 2 different ball and socket joints?
Shoulder and Hip
What are the 2 ranges of movement at a hinge joint?
Flexion and Extension
What are the 5 ranges of movement at a ball and socket joint?
Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction and Rotation
What is extension?
The term given when the angle at the joint increases.
What is flexion?
The term given when the angle at the joint decreases.
What is abduction?
The movement of the limb away from the midline of the body.
What is adduction?
The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body.
What is rotation?
When the bone at a joint moves around its own axis.
What is weight bearing activity?
Activities that force your body to work against gravity. For example, walking, running and tennis.
What is the benefit of weight bearing activities?
Weight bearing activities increase bone density; this helps to reduce the risk of osteoporosis as a person gets older.
What are the 2 long term effects of exercise on the skeletal system?
Increased bone density and increased strength of ligaments and tendons.
What are the 3 benefits of increased bone density?
Reduce the chance of osteoporosis, gives better posture and reduces the chance of fractures.
What are the 2 benefits of stronger ligaments and tendons?
Better support of joints (more stability) and increased production of synovial fluid lubricates the joints aiding flexibility.
What are the 5 different potential injuries that might occur in the skeletal system?
Fractures, Tennis and Golfer’s Elbow, Dislocation, Sprains and Torn Cartilage.
What are the 4 different types of fracture?
Compound, Closed, Simple and Stress
Which fracture is a broken bone that pierces the skin?
Compound
What is a closed fracture?
Broken bone but skin is not broken.
When the bone is only partially broken, what type of fracture is this?
Simple
What is a stress fracture?
Injury commonly caused through over-use. A small crack forms in the bone.
When a bone comes out of the joint it is known as what?
A dislocation
What is tennis / golfer’s elbow?
Pain in a joint caused by overuse.
A damaged ligament is known as what?
Sprain
What injury may be caused through pivoting?
Torn cartilage
How would you treat a sprain?
Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation (RICE)
What are the 2 components of a balanced diet that are most important to the skeletal system?
Calcium and Vitamin D
