FHHD Flashcards
Dermatology:
What is a macule
Localised area of colour and textural change in skin
Dermatology:
Define papule
Small solid elevation of skin less than 5mm in diameter
Dermatology:
Define nodule
Small solid elevation of skin larger than 5mm in diameter
Dermatology:
What is koilonychia
Nail abnormality where the nails are spoon shaped
Commonly seen in iron deficiency anaemia
Dermatology:
Name a disease that causes clubbing of fingernails
Lung cancer
Inflammatory bowel disease
Asbestosis
Dermatology:
Which symptom is normal to find in infants
A) finger clubbing B) beau's lines C) koilonychia D) paronychia E) nail pitting
C) koilonychia
Dermatology:
Which symptom consists of grooves running side to side on the nail and is as a result of nail growth disruption?
A) finger clubbing B) beau's lines C) koilonychia D) paronychia E) nail pitting
B) beau’s lines
Dermatology:
What is the common microorganism that causes acute paronychia?
Staphylococcus aureus
Dermatology:
What is herpatic whitlow
Nail abnormality resulting in blisters forming
which virus causes primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
HSV1 and HSV2
how is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis spread?
saliva
Which disease shows the following clinical signs:
- intraepithelial vesicles rupture producing crusted lips and widespread painful oral ulcers
- pyrexia (raised body temperature)
- headache
- cervical lymphadenopathy
a) chickenpox
b) glandular fever
c) primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
d) syphilis
e) actinomycosis
c) primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
what is the treatment for herpetic gingivostomatitis?
advice
supportive therapy eg chlorhexidine mouthwash
aciclovir in severe cases
what are the trigger factors that can reactivate herpes simplex infection?
sunlight trauma stress fever menstruation immunosuppression
which virus causes chickenpox?
a) HSV1
b) HSV2
c) Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)
d) Epstein-barr virus (EBV)
e) Simian herpes 8
c) Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)
What causes shingles?
Shingles is caused due to the reactivation of the Varicella zoster virus after being latent in the dorsal root ganglia
What is Ramsay Hunt Syndrome?
Varicella Zoster virus affecting the motor nerve.
Affects the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve causing ipsilateral lower motor facial palsy, rash in external ear and loss of taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue
What causes glandular fever (Infectious mononucleosis)?
a) HSV1
b) HSV2
c) Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)
d) Epstein-barr virus (EBV)
e) Simian herpes 8
d) Epstein-barr virus (EBV)
How does Epstein Barr virus affect lymphocytes?
B lymphocytes are infected.
T lymphocytes detect infected B cells and become atypical lymphocytes (Downey cells)
what infection presents with the clinical symptoms of:
- lymph node enlargement
- fever
- pharyngeal inflammation
- petechiae (small red dots) in the palate
- oral ulceration
- gingival bleeding
a) chickenpox
b) glandular fever
c) primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
d) syphilis
e) actinomycosis
b) glandular fever
Which disease is not caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?
a) Glandular fever
b) Burkitt’s lymphoma
c) Oral hairy leukoplakia
d) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
e) Shingles
e) Shingles - caused by VZV virus that is reactivated
what virus causes hand, foot and mouth disease?
Coxsackie Virus type A16
can also be caused by A4,5,9 and 10
what causes Herpangina ?
Coxackie virus types A1-6,8,10,16,22,B3
what virus causes mumps?
Paramyxoviridae
spread by direct contact with saliva and droplet spread
