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OB 🚺 > Fetal Morphological And Physio > Flashcards

Fetal Morphological And Physio Flashcards

1
Q

Period after birth of an infant up to 28 completed days after birth

A

NEONATAL PERIOD

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2
Q

Begins from 8 weeks after fertilization or 10 weeks after onset of last menses

A

FETAL PERIOD

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3
Q

Commences beginning of the 3rd week after ovulation and fertilization and lasts up to 8 weeks AOG

8 weeks period from the time of fertilization

10 weeks period from the time of the last menstrual cycle/ovulation

A

EMBRYONIC PERIOD

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4
Q

Fetus or embryo removed or expelled from uterus during the first half of gestation

20 weeks or less, or in the absence of accurate dating criteria, born weighing less than 500 grams

A

ABORTUS

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5
Q

The time elapsed since the last menstruation

Precedes fertilization/ovulation by 2 weeks

A

GESTATIONAL AGE/MENSTRUAL AGE

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6
Q

Measures the actual age of the embryo from the time of fertilization/ovulation

A

OVULATION AGE/POST CONCEPTIONSL AGE

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7
Q

Period beginning 20 weeks AOG and ending up to 28 completed days after birth

It is recommended that this period be defined as commencing at BW of 500 grams

A

PERINATAL PERIOD

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8
Q

Determining the age of the fetus

A

NAEGELE’S RULE

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9
Q

Measured from the superior to inferior pole of the fetus preferably in extended position

Used for 1st trimester

A

CROWN RUMP LENGTH

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10
Q

Measured at the outer to outer aspect of the skull at the level of the occipitofrontal plane

Used during the 2nd and 3rd trimester

A

BIPARIETAL DIAMETER (BPD)

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11
Q

Bitemporal diameter (greatest TRANSVERSE diameter of the head)

A

8 cm

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12
Q

Biparietal diameter

A

9.5 cm

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13
Q

Occipitomental diameter

A

12.5 cm

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14
Q

Occipitofrontal diameter (the plane that corresponds to the grgeatest CIRCUMFERENCE)

A
  1. 5 cm

34. 5 cm

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15
Q

Suboccipitobregmatic diameter(the plane that corresponds to the smallest circumference of the head)

A

9.5 cm

32 cm

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16
Q

FETAL CIRCULATION

A

From UMBILICAL VEIN ➡️ ductus venosus ➡️ inferior vena cava ➡️ right atrium ➡️ FORAMEN OVALE ➡️ left atrium ➡️ left ventricle ➡️ CEPHALIC SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

SUPERIOR VENA CAVE ➡️ right atrium ➡️ right ventricle ➡️ FETAL LUNGS ➡️ pulmonary artery ➡️ DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS ➡️ aorta ➡️ hypogastric arteries ➡️ umbilical arteries (supplying the lower part of the baby, lower extremities, abdomen

17
Q

FETAL BLOOD VOLUME

A

125 ml/kg

Term = 80mlkg body weight

Placenta = 45 ml/kg body weight

18
Q

FETAL HEMOGLOBIN

A

Hemoglobin F

Hemoglobin A (adult hgb)

Hemoglobin A2

19
Q

3 shunts of fetal circulation

A

Ductus venosus

Foramen ovale

Ductus arteriosus

20
Q

3 vessels of fetal circulation

A

2 ARTERIES

1 VEIN

(AVA)

21
Q

Nucleated and have a shorter life span due to their large volume and are more speasily deformable

A

ERYTHROCYTES

22
Q

Yolk sac (1st site of hematopoiesis, embryonic period

Liver takes over up to near term

Bone marrow starts at 4 months AOG and remains as the major site of blood formation during adulthood

A

HEMATOPOIESIS

23
Q

Functionally closed within several minutes

Anatomically fused 1 year after birth

A

FORAMEN OVALE

24
Q

Functionally closed by 10-12 hours after birth

Anatomically closed by 2-3 weeks

A

DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS

25
Q

Constrict and becomes the ligamentum venosum

A

DUCTUS VENOSUS

26
Q

Fetal RBCs are resistant to denaturing affects of alkali

Mother RBCs are sensitive thus may hemolyze

A

KLEIHAUER-BETKE TEST

27
Q

Presence of surfactant in the amniotic fluid is evidence of fetal lung maturity (after 34 weeks)

Surfactant is formed in the type II pneumocytes that line the alveoli

Starts to appear in the amniotic fluid at 28-32 weeks

90% lipid and 10% proteins

  • phosphatidylcholines (lecithin) account for 80% of the glycerophospholipids
  • most active component - DIPALMITOYLPHODPHSTIDYLCHOLINE (DPPC)
  • 2nd most active - PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE

Alveolar development = just before birth - 8 years old

A

FETAL PULMONARY SYSTEM

OB 🚺 (21 decks)

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